Euro J

The European Union and the Eurozone? In response to this posting by Guillaume D ”they should compile a list of people who dont know what the european union is once and for all so it can be explained to them.they need to be told that every single country in the union exept england (and northern ireland),uses the EURO.thanks for clearing that up 'Shauna' but thats beside my point.i'm saying that we can assume that countrys that are in the european union have or will have the euro exept for England” The European Union is made up of the following Countries, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus Czech Republic , Denmark Estonia , Finland,France, Germany Greece, Hungary,Ireland, Republic of (EIRE) Italy, Latvia ,Lithuania, Luxembourg Malta, Netherlands Poland,Portugal, ,Romania Slovakia, Slovenia Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom The Eurozone is a currency union of 16 European Union (EU) states which have adopted the euro as their sole legal tender. It currently consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain.Informally, the Eurozone can be taken to include non-EU members which have adopted the currency. While three European microstates – Monaco, San Marino and the Vatican – have concluded agreements with the European Union, permitting them to use the euro as their official currency and mint coins, they are neither formally part of the eurozone, nor represented on the board of the European Central Bank. Andorra, Montenegro and Kosovo have also adopted the currency, but without any formal agreements. The Rikstir VII if you read the post correctly I was responding to a answer by Guillaume D and it was him that stated that England is the only country in the EU that does not have the Euro, this is obviously incorrect because only 16 of the 26 member have the Euro. Secondly it was also Guillaume D that said England and not the UK, if you look at my reply I mentioned the UK and not England.

Why is Euro worth more than a US Dollar? Out of 27 Member states (listed Below) Only United Kingdom had a strong currency prior to inception of European Union and even after joining the EU Britain has kept its currency and not replace it with the Euro. So why is the Euro strong against US Dollar where entire Europe is plagued with double digit unemployment for over 15 years that is 5 years prior to European Union was established. List of Members: Austria Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus* Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary The Irish Republic Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta The Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain (but not the Canary Islands) Sweden The UK (but not the Channel Islands) Dear ED: The Irish Republic is included please revisit the list, this list was taken from EU website. Irish Republic has been a member of the EU since 1973. DS: Very impressive long essay but still not answered the question, why is Euro strong when all the member coutries have historically been weak against the USD? UK is member of EU without its currency linked to Euro, since the UK has a North Sea Oil to thank for its strength. Euro has been in existence for only 10 years since January 1, 2000 not before that. and at its inception it was worth 1.26 Euro to a Dollar or .74 Cents equal to One Euro the change happened in 2004-5 where Euro passed USD, why??? when UK Still did not attach the only strong European Currency to Euro.

America is on the LIST!!!!? It seems there are 20 Countries that we are joining as a Global Nation. One Global economy. Our stimulus, the major portions are going into this. The reason the banks need so much to "save" them, we are going to have "common" principles in "banking. We are "coordinating" with the banking to underwrite world wide banking. At the tax payer expense. Our expense. We are doing this to "stimulate the world economies". scroll to the second pic. this is a video. It is different than the printed story. Some touch on the same story In the video Obama says the G 20 Countries. http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/2009/03/bullish-obama-s.html In 2009, there are 20 members of the G-20. These include the finance ministers and central bank governors of 19 countries:[2] Argentina Australia Brazil Canada China France Germany India Indonesia Italy Japan Mexico Russia Saudi Arabia South Africa South Korea Turkey United Kingdom United States The 20th member is the European Union, which is represented by the rotating Council presidency and the European Central Bank. In addition to these 20 members, the following forums and institutions, as represented by their respective chief executive officers, participate in meetings of the G-20:[2] International Monetary Fund World Bank International Monetary and Financial Committee Development Committee of the IMF and World Bank http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G20_industrial_nations

Why do you Americans have some kind of fetish for Europe? I'm European (French to be exact, lived in Britain, now back in France) and recently I've noticed a lot of pro-European sentiment from American members of Yahoo! answers. You seem to have this belief that our government is this wonderful, social thing and are health care is amazing. Let me clear of a few things. 1. I hate our continual movement towards socialism. It's getting to the point were people are frowned upon and even mocked in the media (painted as 'the bad guys') for having money or making something of their lives. Medicricy is celebrated, laziness and apathy are encouraged. If you've worked hard and made money you are labelled as "out of touch" with society. No one gives to charities anymore, places are set up exclusively to help those in need, because the governments take so much money from us which they say they disturbute to different causes but in acuality they're using to line their own pockets (just look at the recent MP expenses scandal in Britain). No one cares about the poor anymore, because they're being conditions not to care and to think that "the government knows best". Why can't I decide what's best with my money? And why should people be discouraged from helping the poor just because the government, falsely, claims to be helping them? 2. Healthcare waiting lists are ridiculous. Not just the operation waiting list, but simply going to the hospital and A&E. If you go down at 8pm changes are you'll be waiting until 4am until a doctor even sees you. I'm from France, which statistically has the best health system in Europe, yet why do you think so many Europeans go to America for operations instead of coming here to France? Big government tells big lies. We're not even given a choice on how the European Union is run. All the European member states voted to elect the 1st President of Europe, who took up office at the beginning of the year, and yet not one European citizen was allowed to vote for him. This is what big government does; it paints itself as "looking out for the little guy" but in fact its only looking out for itself. It hates people earning wealth because firstly it takes away from their wealth and secondly it creates people who are in a position to rock the boat. They feed us with cheap entertainment on tv and propaganda about how being wealthy is 'bad' so we all 'stay in line'. The Roman's had a saying; "let them have cake and circus", which means that if the people have their food and their entertainment, then they will not question the government, and that's what's happening right now in Europe - and is beginning to happen in the United States. So all I can say to you Americans who love this; just look into it a bit more. Your country was built on small government and people being given to the people. We in Europe who want this will continue to fight for it, but you're just giving it all away to big government. Trust me, in due time they'll do away with your constitution (I bet the debate is already starting up, maybe in the media) and they'll do it by convincing people that it's 'outdated' and 'unneeded'. Trust me, hang onto it, and don't let any government take your power. You don't want this.

why Danish people so racist, specially to the balck people? I warn you, Afro America to be careful visit Danish. Take a look this news: European Union: Danish Most discriminatory If you are jet black, should get ready for spat upon when visiting Danish, because the most racist country a European Reuters.com--No wonder why the harassment of Muslims and Islam is often the case in Danish. Apparently according to research European Union, Danish is the most unkind to minorities. Danish ranked first on the list of European countries the most common cases of crimes against the background of hatred. "Danish has a big problem related to discrimination," said Morten Kjaerum, Head of the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights which conducted the survey. European Union interviewed 27,000 people from all over the country are members. Of minority groups are selected to be respondents, one third of people in Somalia who claimed to have experienced Danish racist violence very seriously, harassment and threats. "We saw the number of cases we found earlier ... only the visible part of being at the top, top of an iceberg," said Kjaerum, as quoted by Politiken. Not surprised It seems discrimination is common in Danish, because there are other researchers who say do not be surprised to read reports that the European Union. Mandana Zarrehparvar said, he was not surprised people became Somalia's most vulnerable targets. "The Somalia vulnerable targets solely because of their skin color is very dark. They are in the lowest level compared to other ethnic groups," said Zarrehparvar who had conducted a survey of crime backgrounds hatred for Copenhagen City Council. Chairman Danish Somali Development also was not surprised to hear about it. "This is the case that we often hear from the people. Most experienced verbal insults, but not a few who experienced physical violence," said Joseph Abshir. Joseph told, there are women who are encouraged in the street, the little boy who strangled, and many are insulted and spat on the bus and in the streets. Insults and racist violence is a part of their lives everyday. Not many people of Somalia are reported to the police violence. "They were afraid the authorities will not do anything and even worse the problem will increase. Many of them have been reported, but no further progress. In the end they get used to things like that," said Joseph. According Zarrehparvar, this is because, "Danish too minimal attention to the background of hate crimes. The police should be trained to deal with the situation and to investigate if there are reports of criminal background of hatred." [Danishnews]

Does a list of 400 skeptical scientists prove there is no global warming consensus? Inhofe's report lists 400 scientists skeptical of some aspect of the AGW theory in these fields: "including: climatology; oceanography; geology; biology; glaciology; biogeography; meteorology; oceanography; economics; chemistry; mathematics; environmental sciences; engineering; physics and paleoclimatology." http://epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Minority.SenateReport#report There are 13,746 climate scientists in the US alone who are members of the American Geophysical Union (despite the name, several hundred European scientists are also members). http://rabett.blogspot.com/2006/11/how-many-climate-scientists-are-there.html And that's only American climate scientists in the AGU. There are hundreds of thousands of biologists, geologists, chemists, mathematicians, meteorologists, and engineers worldwide. Does a list of 400 skeptical scientists out of the hundreds of thousands of total scientists in these fields prove their is no global warming consensus? If the list were limited to just the climate scientists, you might have a couple percent (of course, you also couldn't find 400 skeptical climate scientists). When you start bringing in chemists, meteorologists, geologists, physicists, etc., 400 is a drop in the bucket at best.

anyone dissagree with this list? 100 DAYS, 100 MISTAKES 1. "Obama criticized pork barrel spending in the form of 'earmarks,' urging changes in the way that Congress adopts the spending proposals. Then he signed a spending bill that contains nearly 9,000 of them, some that members of his own staff shoved in last year when they were still members of Congress. 'Let there be no doubt, this piece of legislation must mark an end to the old way of doing business, and the beginning of a new era of responsibility and accountability,' Obama said." -- McClatchy, 3/11 2. "There is no doubt that we've been living beyond our means and we're going to have to make some adjustments." -- Obama during the campaign. MORE: Obama's First 100 Days in Photos 3. This year's budget deficit: $1.5 trillion. 4. Asks his Cabinet to cut costs in their departments by $100 million -- a whopping .0027%! 5. "The White House says the president is unaware of the tea parties." -- ABC News, 4/15 6. "Mr. Obama is an accomplished orator but is becoming known in America as the 'teleprompt president' over his reliance on the machine when he gives a speech." -- Sky News, 3/18 7. In early February, the 2010 census was moved out of the Department of Commerce and into the White House, politicizing how federal aid is distributed and electoral districts are drawn. 8. Obama taps Nancy Killefer for a new administration job, First Chief Performance Officer -- to police government spending. But it surfaces that Killefer had performance issues of her own -- a tax lien was slapped on her DC home in 2005 for failure to pay unemployment compensation tax on household help. She withdrew. 9. Turkey tried to block the appointment of Anders Fogh Rasmussen as new NATO secretary general because he didn't properly punish the Danish cartoonist who caricatured Mohammed. France's Nicolas Sarkozy and Germany's Angela Merkel were outraged; Obama said he supported Turkey's induction into the European Union. 10. . . . and he never mentioned the Armenian genocide. 11. The picture of Obama and Hugo Chavez shaking hands. 12. Hugo Chavez gave him the anti-American screed "The Open Veins of Latin America." Obama didn't remark upon it. At least it wasn't DVDs. 13. Nicaragua's Daniel Ortega went on a 50-minute anti-American rant, calling Obama "president of an empire." Obama didn't leave the room. "I thought it was 50 minutes long. That's what I thought," he said. 14. Executives at AIG get $165 million in bonuses, despite receiving an $173 billion taxpayer bailout. 15. "For months, the Obama administration and members of Congress have known that insurance giant AIG was getting ready to pay huge bonuses while living off government bailouts. It wasn't until the money was flowing and news was trickling out to the public that official Washington rose up in anger and vowed to yank the money back." -- Associated Press, 3/18 16. "After pushing Congress for weeks to hurry up and pass the massive $787 billion stimulus bill, President Obama promptly took off for a three-day holiday getaway." -- New York Post, 2/15 17. MEGHAN CLYNE ON: "I WON" AND THE DEATH OF BIPARTISANSHIP "Obama soared to victory on the hopeful promise of a new era of bipartisanship. During his inaugural address he even promised an 'end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.' "Too bad it took all of three days for the promise to ring hollow. "Start with Obama's big meeting with top congressional leaders on his signature legislation -- the stimulus -- on the Friday after his inauguration. Listening to Republican concerns about overspending was a nice gesture -- until he shut down any hopes of real dialogue by crassly telling Republican leaders: 'I won.' Even the White House's leaking of the comment was a slap at the Republican leadership, who'd expected Obama to adhere to the custom of keeping private meetings with congressional leadership, well, private. "It's only gone downhill from there. The stimulus included zero Republican recommendations, and failed to get a single House Republican vote. "It's not just the tactic of using Republicans for bipartisan photo-ops, and then cutting them loose before partisan decisions, that irks Obama's opponents. The new president wasted no time rushing forward with policies and legislation guaranteed to drive Republicans nuts. The first bill he signed into law was the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act -- a partisan hot-button that drew all of eight Republican supporters in the entire Congress. Then there was the swift reversal of Bush policies on abortion and embryonic-stem-cell research -- issues dear to the Republican base. "And when Obama and the Democrats in Congress took up SCHIP -- the children's health-insurance bill that Republicans say vastly expands government's role in health care -- they had an easy chance for real bipartisanship

Why would Dr.Kanecki be Denied on the ISAC Congress/Purdue Cytometry Mail List & with this Resume? DR. DAVID KANECKI > P.O. Box 866  Kenosha, WI 53141  da...@kanecki.com > BS, Biological Science (Pre-Med)  University of Wisconsin > Certificate, Flow Cytometry  Becton Dickinson > Certificate, Cellular Biology and Immunology / National Flow Cytometry > Resource  Los Alamos National Laboratory FACS (Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorter) Laboratory. [Milwaukee > Medical Research Park] > EXECUTIVE PROFILE > CEO  COO > Dynamic and accomplished leader with a track history of exceptional > success in the medical, software, and emergency management arenas. > Outstanding business communications strategist with expertise in > negotiating and developing profitable partnerships / coalitions and > securing new business funding / R&D financing from private and federal > investors worldwide. Visionary organizational leader, adept at > change / operations / project management, product and business > development, and manufacturing oversight. World-class professional > with extensive experience collaborating with government, regulatory, > medical, and multi-national organizations. > Selected Highlights > * Negotiated multi-million-dollar discount contracts with various > biomedical companies. > * Broke 24-year standoff by achieving coalition with Russia Emergency > Management in 1995 as Chairman of Emergency Management and Planning. > [Society for Computer Simulation] > * Successfully managed a $2M per year project to rebuild and recertify > FACS (Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorter) Laboratory. [Milwaukee > Medical Research Park] > * Forged a long-term software joint venture with a European Union > Medical Company (similar to GE Medical) worth a projected $121M. > [Nucletron] > * Negotiated a pending software Joint Venture with a US company worth > a potential of $41M over 18 years. [Kanecki Associates, Inc.] > * Secured $8M in long-term research contracts within one year. > [Milwaukee Medical Research Park] > * Produced a software portfolio worth $281M (2006) with first five > being marketed.-- [Kanecki Associates] > * Generated multi-millions in funding for organization by applying > improved practices, and enhanced quality, and results orientation. > [Society for Computer Simulation] > * Drove a potential $162M in joint venture sales with a five-member > team. [Kanecki Associates, Inc.] > Areas of Expertise > Medical Research Human Relations Marketing > Accounting / Finance Operations Management Organizational Behavior > Business Communications Business Legal Operations Statistics / > Research Methods > PROFESSIONAL SUMMARY > KANECKI ASSOCIATES, INC. > Provider and developer of security, medical, and government products > and services (primarily software) > President 1993 to Present > * Drove a potential $162M in joint venture sales with a five-member > team > * Effectively liaised with both domestic and European Union companies > to cooperate on joint ventures. > * Steered communications with FDA and EU to gain approval of medical > analysis product. > * Developed, managed, and delivered multiple products and services to > develop new business opportunities. > SOCIETY FOR COMPUTER SIMULATION | SIMULATION COUNCIL, INC. > Provider of professional and consulting services to multinational > government and military organizations and agencies, including FEMA, > DOD, Navy, Air Force, and Army > Chairman | AVP of Emergency Management 1992 to 1999 > * Broke 24-year standoff by achieving coalition with Russia Emergency > Management in 1995. > * Devised and implemented multinational cooperative activities to > share and implement new ideas and strategies; result: improved > operations and practices for the United States, European Emergency > Management, and others from the EU, Russia, South Korea, Japan, > Canada, United State, Finland, and China. > * Initiated and developed liaison with the President G.H.W. Bush and > President Clinton Administrations regarding Natural Emergency > Management and Non Natural Emergency Management (including terrorism > and Presidential Directive 63). > * Improved the operations of Emergency Management and Planning. How > did you do it? > MILWAUKEE MEDICAL RESEARCH PARK > Provider of medical services and research with focus on patient > application products > Researcher 1989 to 1993 > * Negotiated multi-million-dollar discount contracts with various > biomedical companies. > * Successfully managed a $2M / year project to rebuild and recertified > FACS (Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorter) Laboratory. > * Secured $8M in long-term research contracts within one year. > * Effectively created coalitions with Executive Board to develop and > formulate strategies to create optimal laboratory conditions. > * Provided military medical laboratory support during Operations > "Desert Shield" http://advenet.com/flowcytometry/blog/archive/2008/09/09/isac-congress-purdue-cytometry-mail-list-overdue-for-congressional-investigation.aspx?CommentPosted=true#commentmessage

Why would purdue not allow Dr. David Kanecki on the High Content Screening list with this resume? DR. DAVID KANECKI > P.O. Box 866  Kenosha, WI 53141  262.327-2605  da...@kanecki.com > EXECUTIVE PROFILE > CEO  COO > Dynamic and accomplished leader with a track history of exceptional > success in the medical, software, and emergency management arenas. > Outstanding business communications strategist with expertise in > negotiating and developing profitable partnerships / coalitions and > securing new business funding / R&D financing from private and federal > investors worldwide. Visionary organizational leader, adept at > change / operations / project management, product and business > development, and manufacturing oversight. World-class professional > with extensive experience collaborating with government, regulatory, > medical, and multi-national organizations. > Selected Highlights > * Negotiated multi-million-dollar discount contracts with various > biomedical companies. > * Broke 24-year standoff by achieving coalition with Russia Emergency > Management in 1995 as Chairman of Emergency Management and Planning. > [Society for Computer Simulation] > * Successfully managed a $2M per year project to rebuild and recertify > FACS (Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorter) Laboratory. [Milwaukee > Medical Research Park] > * Forged a long-term software joint venture with a European Union > Medical Company (similar to GE Medical) worth a projected $121M. > [Nucletron] > * Negotiated a pending software Joint Venture with a US company worth > a potential of $41M over 18 years. [Kanecki Associates, Inc.] > * Secured $8M in long-term research contracts within one year. > [Milwaukee Medical Research Park] > * Produced a software portfolio worth $281M (2006) with first five > being marketed.-- [Kanecki Associates] > * Generated multi-millions in funding for organization by applying > improved practices, and enhanced quality, and results orientation. > [Society for Computer Simulation] > * Drove a potential $162M in joint venture sales with a five-member > team. [Kanecki Associates, Inc.] > Areas of Expertise > Medical Research Human Relations Marketing > Accounting / Finance Operations Management Organizational Behavior > Business Communications Business Legal Operations Statistics / > Research Methods > PROFESSIONAL SUMMARY > KANECKI ASSOCIATES, INC. > Provider and developer of security, medical, and government products > and services (primarily software) > President 1993 to Present > * Drove a potential $162M in joint venture sales with a five-member > team > * Effectively liaised with both domestic and European Union companies > to cooperate on joint ventures. > * Steered communications with FDA and EU to gain approval of medical > analysis product. > * Developed, managed, and delivered multiple products and services to > develop new business opportunities. > SOCIETY FOR COMPUTER SIMULATION | SIMULATION COUNCIL, INC. > Provider of professional and consulting services to multinational > government and military organizations and agencies, including FEMA, > DOD, Navy, Air Force, and Army > Chairman | AVP of Emergency Management 1992 to 1999 > * Broke 24-year standoff by achieving coalition with Russia Emergency > Management in 1995. > * Devised and implemented multinational cooperative activities to > share and implement new ideas and strategies; result: improved > operations and practices for the United States, European Emergency > Management, and others from the EU, Russia, South Korea, Japan, > Canada, United State, Finland, and China. > * Initiated and developed liaison with the President G.H.W. Bush and > President Clinton Administrations regarding Natural Emergency > Management and Non Natural Emergency Management (including terrorism > and Presidential Directive 63). > * Improved the operations of Emergency Management and Planning. How > did you do it? > MILWAUKEE MEDICAL RESEARCH PARK > Provider of medical services and research with focus on patient > application products > Researcher 1989 to 1993 > * Negotiated multi-million-dollar discount contracts with various > biomedical companies. > * Successfully managed a $2M / year project to rebuild and recertified > FACS (Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorter) Laboratory. > * Secured $8M in long-term research contracts within one year. > * Effectively created coalitions with Executive Board to develop and > formulate strategies to create optimal laboratory conditions. > * Provided military medical laboratory support during Operations > "Desert Shield" and "Desert Storm," > * Directed project that created a 10-mile WAN link between two > research sites to facilitate communication of research information. > EDUCATION & PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT > Hon.PhD Intelligent Thinking Systems > BS, Applied Computer Science  University of Wisconsin, Parkside > BS, Biological Science (Pre-Med)  University of Wisconsin > Certificate, Flow Cytometry  Becton Dickinson > Certificate, Cellular Biology and Immunology / National Flow Cytometry > Resource  Los Alamos National Laboratory > MBA, Masters of Business Administration  University of Phoenix > Not on the PURDUE CYTOMETRY MAIL LIST > APPLIED FOR THE PURDUE CYTOMETRY HIGH CONTENT SCREENING > BUY NO REPLY AT ALL. > HMMMM > MISTER? > YACH YORSCH? > ZWIE TACH PRAVDA? > HNEITZ SCAMMERS! > Purdue Cytometry Mail List Rules and Regulations did they BREAK > the ... > Using Purdue University mailing lists for organized political > activity ... DOES IT SAY TO NOTIFY CORPORATIONS THAT THEIR EMAIL IS > JUNK MAIL FOR. NO REASON? ...

America or Europe, Which does more to destroy the environment? I suggest you read up on this before you condem America for destroying the environment U.N. data show U.S. greener than EU By Jennifer Harper THE WASHINGTON TIMES February 23, 2007 Finger-pointing critics often vilify Americans as the sole cause of global warming. But the typical image of SUV-driving, energy-hogging Yankees may be bogus -- a new analysis of U.N. data reveals that U.S. efforts to reduce greenhouse gases actually beat European policies. "Despite constant criticism from environmental activists at home and across Europe claiming the U.S. government is doing nothing to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, new evidence suggests America's efforts are more effective than those of Europe's," according to a study by H. Sterling Burnett of the Dallas-based National Center for Policy Analysis, a nonprofit, nonpartisan research institute. The United States has spent more than any other country on research and technologies to reduce emissions, Mr. Burnett wrote, and the business-led efforts are paying off. "The U.S. is doing a far better job reining in its emissions than Europe, even though it has a faster-growing economy and population," Mr. Burnett said. "Rather than signing treaties that look good on paper but do nothing to really bring about reductions, U.S. industry has taken the lead as a business matter, reducing emissions as a matter of efficiency -- saving costs and improving the bottom line." Mr. Burnett's scrutiny of data from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Report released Feb. 2 revealed that the U.S. rate of growth in carbon dioxide emissions from 2000 to 2004 was eight percentage points lower than from 1995 to 2000. The original 15 nations of the European Union increased emissions by 2.3 percentage points. From 2000 to 2004, greenhouse gas emissions from the EU countries grew at nearly double the U.S. rate. During the same time period, the U.S. economy grew by almost $1.9 trillion, "the equivalent of adding Italy to the U.S. economy," Mr. Burnett wrote in the analysis, released Wednesday. The U.S. population increased by 11.3 million people, more than the population of Greece, he found. "U.S. businesses are succeeding where European bureaucracy is failing," Mr. Burnett said. "Further, efforts like the Asian-Pacific partnership will do far more than [the] Kyoto [Protocol] to have a lasting effect on greenhouse gas emissions." The Asian-Pacific partnership is a nonbinding plan to cooperate on development and transfer technologies that would enable greenhouse gas reductions. Meanwhile, Americans may not be quick to buy into the assertions of "An Inconvenient Truth," former Vice President Al Gore's documentary that is in contention for an Oscar award Sunday. Global warming is not a "top-tier" issue, according to a Pew Research survey of 1,708 adults. Respondents ranked the issue fourth from last in a 23-item list of policy priorities for the White House and Congress. Only 19 percent expressed "deep concern" about global warming. A minority -- 47 percent -- blamed it on human activity. Among conservative Republicans, the figure was 20 percent; among liberal Democrats, 71 percent. "The issue is of relatively low priority for members of both parties," the survey said. It was conducted Jan. 10 to 15, with a margin of error of three percentage points.

How would PAP's feel if...? How would PAP's feel if citizens of the European Union can adopt from Romania, while US citizens can't. Romania has closed it's borders for inter-country adoption years ago, much to the chagrin of adoption agencies and quite a lot of PAP's. Especially in France and Italy, where the waiting lists for international adoption are ten times longer than the number of children received each year, the pressure to re-open Romania never stopped and in both countries much resentment lives towards the USA, which, in their eyes, gets all the babies on the international adoption market. There now is a proposal for a European adoption system, backed by France and Italy that should make adoption possible between member states of the European Union. Since Romania is a member of the European Union, that way they can be forced to open their borders for adoption to other European countries, while European adopters don't have to face the competition of the United States. See: http://poundpuplegacy.org/node/20854 Independent: The proposal for a European adoption system IS about the "wants" of PAP's and AP's, just not American PAP's and AP's, but in this case French and Italian ones.

just wondering; Saudi Arabia in G20? I was reading a discussion somewhere and found it interesting; the question is: why Saudi Arabia is invited there? and no offense my Saudi friends. please read the following. http://media.ft.com/cms/c8e3e614-1fa4-11de-a7a5-00144feabdc0.jpg G20 definition here: 19 of the world's largest national economies, plus the European Union (EU) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G20_industrial_nations and list of countries by GDP here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP) before 2009, Saudi has had over 71 billion$ gross external debt: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia maybe some believe it's because of GDP per capita which could be high in Saudi Arabia. here is a list: Saudi Arabia ....24120 dollars Kuwiat....40943 dollars United Arab Emirates....39077 dollars Switzerland....42841 dollars so it's not logical to see Saudi Arabia in G20 when there are better choices. some would think Saudi is invited to help G20 members' messed economy, and he most probably has some signed (blank?) cheques in his pocket. with all the economic problems the world has encountered, and most of it happened for G20 members, being in G20 is not a big honor these days. any ideas why the handsome Sheik was there? can we say it was a good party and Saudi is invited over because of some good western folks? please share your thoughts. something by Saeed Laylaz: http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/mar/30/iran-g20-oil-economy

Could you check my grammatical mistakes? Could you help me and check my grammatical mistakes in my writing? Thank you for your help. It is the last part "A exchange rate affect the prices of imports an exports. It will also affect how a particulate business will be competitive and profitable in domestic and overseas markets. To prevent large fluctuations relative to one another most nations of the European Union linked their currencies. The European Monetary System was organized in 1979 to stabilize the exchange rate. It used an Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) to create stable exchange rates in order to improve trade between EU members. At the beginning of 1999, the same EU members adopted a single currency, the Euro. Denmark, Great Britain, and Sweden did not adopt the Euro when it was introduced. To overcome problems of exchange rate fluctuations some businesses which tread in different currency may use some forms of futures contracts, which enables them to buy currency in advance at a guaranteed rate (fixed). It is a form of insurance and it reduces the level of risk. Some businesses may also decide to keep bank accounts in foreign currency and invest money in currency in which whey but goods to avoid exchange rate fluctuations and minimize bank charges. International debt is a part of the total debt in the country that is owed to creditors outside the country. The debt includes money owed to private commercial other governments, banks, or international financial institutions. According to statistic the United Kingdom is on the second place just after the United on the list of the counters with the biggest debts. All of the countries use the Balance of payments to measure all international monetary transactions. Balance of payments is a record of a country’s transactions with the rest of the world. It is used to summarize all international transactions for a particular country during a specific time period (usually a year). If a country has received money, this is recorded as a credit, and, if a country has paid money, the transaction is recorded as a debit. The Balance of payments should equal zero, meaning that credits (assets) and debits (liabilities) should balance, but in practice this is very rare."

Could you correct my mistakes? Please - last part? Hi:) Could you look through these paragraphs and correct my mistakes. This is a part of my coursework. Thank you so much! "To prevent large fluctuations relative to one another most nations of the European Union linked their currencies. The European Monetary System was organized in 1979 to stabilize the exchange rate. It used an Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) to create stable exchange rates in order to improve trade between EU members. At the beginning of 1999, the same EU members adopted a single currency, the Euro. Denmark, Great Britain, and Sweden did not adopt the Euro when it was introduced. To overcome problems of exchange rate fluctuations some businesses which trade in different currencies may use some forms of futures contracts, which enables them to buy currency in advance at a guaranteed rate (fixed). It is a form of insurance and it reduces the level of risk. Some businesses may also decide to keep bank accounts in foreign currency and invest money in currency in which they buy goods to avoid exchange rate fluctuations and minimize bank charges. International debt is a part of the total debt in the country that is owed to creditors outside the country. The debt includes money owed to private commercial other governments, banks, or international financial institutions. According to statistics the United Kingdom is in second place just after the United States on the list of countries with the biggest debts. All of the countries use the Balance of payments to measure all international monetary transactions. Balance of payments is a record of a country’s transactions with the rest of the world. It is used to summarize all international transactions for a particular country during a specific time period (usually a year). If a country has received money, this is recorded as a credit, and, if a country has paid money, the transaction is recorded as a debit. The Balance of payments should equal zero, meaning that credits (assets) and debits (liabilities) should balance, but in practice this is very rare."

Are Obama and Hillary Clinton really bumblers? This is an article I have to read for my English class.I don't really understand it!If anyone could please let me know what is the article mainly talking about?The author's tone,the author's intended audience and reason for writing the article.Thank you! Are Obama and Hillary Clinton really bumblers? By Alexander Cockburn Are they really bumblers? The opinion columns quiver with reproofs for maladroit handling of foreign policy by President Obama and his Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. Those who cherished foolish illusions that Obama’s election presaged a substantive shift to the left in foreign policy fret about “worrisome signs” that this is not the case. It’s true that there have been some embarrassing moments. Vice President Biden, on a supposed mission of peace to Israel, is given the traditional welcome — a pledge by Israel to build more settlements, plus adamant refusal to reverse the accelerating evictions of Palestinians from their homes in East Jerusalem. At least Clinton, touring Latin America, was not greeted with gobs of spit, like Vice President Nixon back in 1958, but she did get a couple of robust diplomatic slaps from Brazil’s foreign minister, Celso Amorim, rejecting Clinton’s hostile references to Venezuela and call for tougher action towards Iran. Amid detailed news reports of butchered activists in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, Latin Americans and even some Democratic members of the US Congress listened incredulously to Clinton’s brazen hosannas to the supposedly peaceful election of Honduras’ new, USsanctioned President Lobo in a process to which both the Organization of American States and the European Union refused to lend the sanction of official observers. Meanwhile, China signals its displeasure with the US with stentorian protests about Obama’s friendliness towards the Dalai Lama. The PRC continues its rumblings about shrinking its vast position in US Treasury bonds. The Turks recall their ambassador from Washington in the wake of a vote in a US congressional committee to recognize the massacre of the Armenians in 1916 as “genocide.” Russia signals its grave displeasure with Clinton’s rejection, in a speech at the Ecole Militaire in Paris, of President Medvedev’s proposal to negotiate a new security pact for Europe. “We object to any spheres of influence claimed in Europe in which one country seeks to control another’s future,” she said. Shortly before this categorical statement, Poland announced that the US would deploy Patriot missiles on its territory, less than 50 miles from the Russian enclave of Kaliningrad on the Baltic Sea. Is this partial list a reflection of incompetence, or a registration that, with a minor hiccup or two, US foreign policy under Obama is moving purposively forward in its basic enterprise: to restore US credibility in the world theater as the world’s premier power after eight years of poor management? Consider the situation that this Democratic president inherited. In January 2009, the world was reeling amid violent economic contraction. Obituaries for the American Century were a dime a dozen. The US dollar’s future as the world’s reserve currency was written off with shouts of contempt. Imperial adventuring, as in the 2003 invasion of Iraq, were routinely denounced as fit only for Kipling buffs. The progressives who voted Obama in were flushed with triumph and expectation. Not much more than a year later, Obama has smoothed off the rough edges of Bush-era foreign policy, while preserving and indeed widening its goals, those in place through the entire postwar era since 1945. Latin America? Enough of talk about a new era, led by Chavez of Venezuela, Morales of Bolivia and other progressive leaders. So far as Uncle Sam is concerned, this is still his backyard. On the campaign trail in 2008, it was Republican John McCain who was reviled as the lobbyist for Colombia’s death squad patron, Uribe. Today, it’s Obama who presides over an adamantly pro-Uribe policy, supervising a widening of US military basing facilities in Colombia. As an early signal of continuity, Honduras’ impertinent president Zelaya, guilty of populist thoughts, was briskly evicted with US approval and behind-the-scenes stage management. If ever there was a nation for whose enduring misery the US bears irrefutable responsibility (along with France), it is Haiti. The hovels that fell down in the earthquake were those of people rendered destitute by US policies since Jefferson, and most notably by the man to whom Obama is most often compared, another Nobel Peace Prize-winning US President, Woodrow Wilson. The houses that did not fall down in such numbers were those of the affluent elites, most recently protected by Bill Clinton, who was second only to Wilson in the horrors he sponsored in Haiti. Yet under Obama, the US is hailed as a merciful and generous provider for the stricken nation, even though it has been Cuba and Venezuela who have been the stalwar

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Is it right that the environmental group Greenpeace dropped dozens of boulders into the Kattegatt,? the strait between Sweden and Denmark, on Monday to fight 'bottom trawling' with nets that rake the seabed? Sweden, which holds the six-month European Union presidency, called Greenpeace's actions "confrontational" and said that, while it wanted to protect marine life, the waters were not a spawning area for popular species like cod. Greenpeace activists faced rough seas as they sank the first 40 of a planned 180 boulders weighing 0.5 to 3 tonnes each into the Kattegatt waters, 20 km (12 miles) off southwest Sweden, while half a dozen fishing trawlers circled nearby. Bottom trawling is widely seen seen as damaging to the seabed and resulting in high levels of by-catch, which Greenpeace says fishermen toss back dead or dying. Greenpeace said in a statement that Sweden must introduce a permanent ban on fishing in the area by its own vessels. Under the EU Common Fisheries Policy members can ban their own vessels from an area, and those of another nation by bilateral agreement, but cannot issue a general fishing ban on a site. European countries have done little to protect marine sites because they are bound by the CFP, which is based on the principle that EU fishermen have equal access to all member states' waters, Greeenpeace said. The area of the Kattegatt strewn with boulders is listed under Natura 2000, a network of protected areas across the 27-member bloc aimed at protecting wildlife and its habitats. Greenpeace says the site is the only one off Sweden known to hold maerl beds, formed from slow-growing algae, and bubble reefs made of lime deposit, and is vulnerable to bottom trawling. It says that before the Kattegat's fish stocks collapsed, it held important feeding grounds for fish and a spawning ground for herring. It is an important winter feeding ground for many seabirds and is covered with kelp forests teeming with marine life. Greenpeace said that in 2008 it dropped 320 boulders in waters off northern Germany and this had been highly effective in curbing trawling in the area. Sweden's Kindbom said there was a risk that fishing boats would be unable to steer clear of the boulders and that some of the rocks were light enough to be pulled aboard, damaging boats or injuring fishermen.

Is Romania a beautiful country? Romania is a magnificent country.is a country located in Southeastern and Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea.[3] Almost all of the Danube Delta is located within its territory. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova to the northeast, and Bulgaria to the south. Romania emerged as a personal union of the principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia under prince Alexander John Cuza in 1859 and as the Kingdom of Romania under the Hohenzollern monarchy, it gained recognition of independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1878. In 1918, at the end of the World War I, Transylvania, Bukovina and Bessarabia united with the Kingdom of Romania. At the end of World War II, parts of its territories (roughly the present day Republic of Moldova) were occupied by the USSR and Romania became a socialist republic, member of the Warsaw Pact. With the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989, Romania started a series of political and economic reforms. After a decade of post-revolution economic problems, Romania made economic reforms such as low flat tax rates in 2005 and joined the European Union on January 1, 2007. While Romania's income level remains one of the lowest in the European Union, reforms have increased the growth speed. Romania is now an upper-middle income country economy.The UNESCO List of World Heritage Sites[190] includes Romanian sites such as the Saxon villages with fortified churches in Transylvania, the Painted churches of northern Moldavia with their fine exterior and interior frescoes, the Wooden Churches of Maramures unique examples that combine Gothic style with traditional timber construction, the Monastery of Horezu, the citadel of Sighişoara, and the Dacian Fortresses of the Orăştie Mountains.[191] Romania's contribution to the World Heritage List stands out because it consists of some groups of monuments scattered around the country, rather than one or two special landmarks.[192] Also, in 2007, the city of Sibiu famous for its Brukenthal National Museum is the European Capital of Culture alongside the city of Luxembourg.The national flag of Romania is a tricolour with vertical stripes: beginning from the flagpole, blue, yellow and red. It has a width-length ratio of 2:3. Romania's national flag is very similar to that of Chad.Bucharest is the capital and the largest city in Romania. At the census in 2002, its population was over 1.9 million.[108] The metropolitan area of Bucharest has a population of about 2.2 million. There are several plans to increase further its metropolitan area to about 20 times the area of the city proper.[109][110] There are 5 more cities in Romania, with a population of around 300,000, that are also present in the EU's top 100 most populous cities. These are: Iaşi, Cluj-Napoca, Timişoara, Constanţa, and Craiova. The other cities with populations over 200,000 are Galaţi, Braşov, Ploieşti, Brăila and Oradea. Another 13 cities have populations over 100,000.[4] At present, several of the largest cities have a metropolitan area: Constanţa (450,000 people), Braşov, Iaşi (both with around 400,000) and Oradea (260,000) and several others are planned: Timişoara (365,000), Cluj-Napoca (380,000), Brăila-Galaţi (600,000), Craiova (335,000), Bacău and Ploieşti.

Does Obama believe it is proper to pay for play? Below is a list of Obama campaign bundlers and the taxpayer-funded positions they’ve received: The Big Changers’ Club ($500,000+) Avant, Nicole (Los Angeles, CA) Position: Ambassador to the Bahamas Barzun, Matthew (Louisville, KY) Position: Ambassador to Sweden Beyer, Don (Alexandria, VA) Position: Nominated to Ambassador to Switzerland and Liechtenstein Bleich, Jeff (Piedmont, CA) Position: Ambassador to Australia Danzig, Richard (Washington, DC) Position: Member, Defense Policy Board Donahoe, Eileen Chamberlain (Washington, DC) Position: Nominated to Ambassador to UN Human Rights Council Eacho, William (Bethesda, MD) Position: Ambassador to Austria Forester, Christine (San Diego, CA) Position: Member, Presidential Committee on the Arts and Humanities Genachowski, Julius (Washington, DC) Position: FCC Chairman Gips, Don (Boulder, CO) Position: Ambassador to South Africa Gutman, Howard (Washington, DC) Position: Ambassador to Belgium Harris, Scott (Washington, DC) Position: General Counsel, Department of Energy Katz, Allan (Tallahassee, FL) Position: Nominated to Ambassador to Portugal Kennard, William (Washington, DC) Position: Ambassador to the European Union Oreck, Bruce (Boulder, CO) Position: Nominated to Ambassador to Finland Overton, Spencer (Chevy Chase, MD) Position: Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Policy Perrelli, Tom (Arlington, VA) Position: Assistant Attorney General Rivkin, Charlie (Los Angeles, CA) Position: Ambassador to France and Monaco Roos, John (Hillsborough, CA) Position: Ambassador to Japan Sanchez, Frank (Tampa, FL) Position: Undersecretary of International Trade Solomont, Alan (Boston, MA) Position: Ambassador to Spain Spinner, Steve (Menlo Park, CA) Position: Loan Programs Advisor, Department of Energy Stroum, Cynthia (Seattle, WA) Position: Ambassador to Luxembourg West, Tony (Oakland, CA) Position: Assistant Attorney General, Civil Division Billy-- that is why they are called bundlers,,duh steve,, the difference is Obama campaigned against this(over and over) and you're comparing one yr obama to 8 yrs Bush. http://dailycaller.com/2010/02/16/obamas-bundlers-occupy-dozens-of-key-positions/

Does anybody else love europe and cant wait for a full Union? Hi I am from london and I am Pro europe. I love my european brothers and sisters and have met many people from many european countries around london. One thing that is obvious is that all these national stereotypes do not exist. I would love one europe with a federal government and a single military, one space programme and all of that. As one we would be the biggest superpower to have aver been. we are at the moment the richest economic block in the world. As one federation this would improve even further. If we think of europe as one country then:- We have the best food in the world. We have the best cars in the world We have the best minds in the world. The best engineers. The best music. The best party islands THe best nightclub. We have the highest level of freedom in the world such as freedom of the press and media. We have the largest broadcasting company in the world. We have great films and directors. The list goes on and on. I think all of the 27 member states bring their own unique and proud history and culture. They all have something great to bring to the EU. Thinking about what we could all do as one fills me with excitement, I love the EU. I love the europeans. I think we are awesome.. LOL.. Yeah you are right. Britain doesnt have good food But we do design and make the the aston martin range despite it being owned by ford. Also the same with TVR and jaguar, bentley etc. Also we have the best Universities and scientists in europe and also the best engineers. And also the best trained and best military in europe.. So we do bring quite a lot to the table.. Dont forget we have the best theatres and actors as well as the finest comedians in the world.. so we do fill a niche in the EU Yeah europe is already the biggest economy and many economic regulators and institutions already treat europe as a single federation because of our close knit economy. Our economy operates no different to the US. And Also in reply to our food in the UK.. We do have the highest rated chef and resturant in the world dont forget- (Heston Blumenthal- wikipedia it) Also @ED. We british are a very party orientated lot. Sometimes we do go overboard but sometimes people have to lighten up a bit.

Why can anyone feel universal health care is a bad idea:? Here is some of an article I wrote: This is a very complex issue. The majority of this research came from key word searches, "Us healthcare best in world" or similar google searches. According to Pew Research the top 10% richest people in the country followed by mostly republicans are the only people who think this nation has the best healthcare in the world. Every global or national study seems to demonstrate the oppisite of this. So, where are these rich or republican people obtaining their information I am not sure. The most common article trumpted on their web sites is an article which I discuss at the end: 10 Suprising Facts About American Healthcare. It is on no less than 2,000 of the most outspoken republican sponsored or supported sites. You know how to use google, right? There are tens of thousands of doctors that support and lobby for Universal Healthcare. The number one cause of bankruptcy in the USA is healthcare. We have the most expensive healthcare system in the world. Our system is failing http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/2008-releases/republicans-democrats-disagree-us-health-care-system.html Most Republicans & Rich Think the U.S. Health Care System is the Best in the World http://pewresearch.org/pubs/1293/health-care-public-gives-lukewarm-rating-to-american-system Few See U.S. Health Care as 'Best in the World' July 24, 2009 http://www.pnhp.org/ There are thousands of doctors which support Universal Healthcare in The USA WASHINGTON, DC, 25 October 2006—High-quality health care is achievable at the national level, but the United States lags behind the rest of the industrialized world in providing necessary care for its people, according to a recent report comparing domestic and international adherence to established quality benchmarks. http://dll.umaine.edu/ble/U.S.%20HCweb.pdf Biggest health care study http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_debt Medical debt is an especially notable phenomena in the United States - the US being the world's only developed country not to offer universal health care. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_in_the_United_States The World Health Organization (WHO), in 2000, ranked the U.S. health care system as the highest in cost, first in responsiveness, 37th in overall performance, and 72nd by overall level of health (among 191 member nations included in the study) A 2008 report by the Commonwealth Fund ranked the United States last in the quality of health care among the 19 compared countries. Roehr, Bob (2008), "Health care in US ranks lowest among developed countries", BMJ 337 (jul21 1): a889, doi:10.1136/bmj.a889, PMID 18644774 http://www.tcf.org/list.asp?type=NC&pubid=1287 The United States spends more of its income on health care than any nation on earth, nearly $6,000 per person per year, more than 15 percent of our total income. In contrast, the countries of the European Monetary Union spend about $2,500 per person per year, less than 10 percent of their income. Here is Dr Scott Atlas's report. You will find these on most major Anti-Universal Healthcare and republican sites. After the article I will provide a 'debunking' http://www.ncpa.org/pub/ba649 Medical care in the United States is derided as miserable compared to health care systems in the rest of the developed world. - Debunking 1 http://www.guaranteedhealthcare.org/blog/john-geyman-md-pnhp/2009/08/06/%E2%80%9Cfacts%E2%80%9D-about-american-health-care-revisited - Debunking 2 (by someone who also works at Hoover. And who like Mr.Atlas also is self described as rich and has exceptional healthcare)http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/opinion/columnists/guests/s_513009.html - LOL? To Richard C: millions of illegal immigrants who had little or no medical care before coming here. They hit those emergency rooms for anything from a cold up to and including cancer. LOL? How racist and pathetic can you get. I have no desire to be treated by a doctor who is motivated by income. Tens of millions of people in this nation do a good job because they are passionate about it. Their jobs are as important and more dangerous than doctors: Police, Army/Navy/Marines, EMTs or Firemen. Let me add I am underpaid for what I do. Yet, this does not effect my ability to do my job as effectively or more effectively as a person who makes more. I am still really stuck on those racist comments though. Even if 70% of the uninsured people were Mexican that still leaves 30% you spit on. No one ever said anyone was turned away from the Emergency Room. Emergency room visits are intended not as a diagnose or treatment of the core problem. Rather they are to fix the situation to such a degree where you can go back home. I am still floored about such blatant racism. We have a black president and the person who now sits on the highest throne of the court is technically one of these Mexicans you seem to hate,

Why hasn't The Vatican told illegals to come to Italy and live happily ever after? I mean they are so concerned for their welfare it would be a nice gesture and they wouldn't have to dictate morality to The US. Could it be Italy's government wouldn't tolerate illegals or their anchor babies? Does anyone know the immigration policy of Italy and what they do to illegal immigrants? Home » World News » Italy PrintE-MailFeedbackShare » FacebookRedditDiggDel.icio.usNewsvinePropellerLiveJournalBloggerWordpress.New Italian security law legalises vigilante patrols By Marianne Arens 8 July 2009 From July 8 to 10, Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi will host this year’s G8 summit in L’Aquila, the central Italian city recently hit by an earthquake. Only days before the summit of the major powers (Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United States and Russia) is set to convene, a new, extremely authoritarian security law will come into effect in Italy, directed primarily against undocumented immigrants. The security law was passed in May by the Chamber of Deputies, and also agreed to by the Senate last Thursday, with 157 senators voting in favour and 124 against. It therefore now has the power of law. The law makes “illegal immigration” a criminal offence, punishable by fines of between €5,000 and €10,000. Immigrants without valid papers can be held for up to six months in deportation camps. Under the previous law, the maximum period of detention was two months. In future, a residency permit will cost two and a half times as much as the former fee—i.e., €200, instead of €80. The law allows municipalities to maintain their own private, nighttime vigilante patrols. It also mandates teachers and health personnel to denounce undocumented immigrants to the authorities. Landlords, who rent lodgings to immigrants without valid documents, risk prison terms of up to three years. The European Commission has indicated that it intends to examine the new Italian law to ascertain its compatibility with European legal standards. European Union (EU) law commissioner Jacques Barrot said on Thursday in Brussels that rules for “automatic deportation” for entire “categories of persons” were unacceptable. However, there should be no illusions that the EU will seriously oppose the reactionary Italian measure. After all, numerous EU member states are currently intensifying measures to prevent refugees and immigrants from entering their respective countries. In Italy, Berlusconi can rely on the tacit support of the parliamentary opposition, including the centre-left. It voted against the new legislation, but the opposition’s arguments against the bill were tactical and threadbare. Only one politician, Rocco Buttiglione, a Catholic conservative, argued against the content of the security law. Other speakers for the opposition preferred to stress Berlusconi’s sex affairs, which have increasingly taken centre stage in the Italian media. While efforts are being organised to weaken or even get rid of Berlusconi, his opponents essentially promise to continue his policies. The current concentration on the sex affairs of the head of government only serves to divert attention from the acute economic problems and social conflicts plaguing the country. In fact, those municipalities where the parties of the centre-left opposition hold power have been among the first to undertake measures such as the setting up of racist vigilante patrols. The newspaper Corriere della Sera has listed hundred of cities with centre-left administrations that have already introduced such private militias. Such patrols, which Berlusconi legalised in February by decree, are already commonplace in a number of eastern European countries, notably Hungary. The most backward social elements are given uniforms and weapons, and sent onto the streets in order to “preserve law and order.” In Italy, the patrols are currently allowed to wear uniforms, but not to carry weapons. Leaders of the Democratic Party (which emerged from the Italian Communist Party) try to present the new measure as entirely harmless. They maintain that the so-called Ronde—the volunteer patrols in the city’s suburbs—have the task primarily of prettifying cities by removing graffiti or clearing up garbage in the parks. However, Sergio Cofferati, the former chairman of the CGIL trade union, long dominated by the Italian Stalinists, is less reticent in his description of the patrols. As mayor of Bologna, Cofferati introduced citizen patrols in February, and defended his initiative with the words: “Citizens can make a contribution to the protection of their territory, so long as these initiatives are not politically or ideologically motivated.” Milan’s city administration, run by the right, freed up €250 million for the volunteer patrols. The city has thus gone further than the national government, which has not envisaged official financial sponsorship for the patrols. Their financing was made possible by arguing that Yes Rational...I know they are separate countries but one is within the other and they couldn't fit more than a hundred in the tiny Vatican. Anyway, I am making a point about proximity to The Vatican and they can fix Italy before they blather about human rights to The US.

If you could remake the UN security council, who would you include? Setting aside the question of feasibility, if you could completely remake the UN security council, which countries would you include? As it is now, the 5 countries on the security council just happen to be the 5 major countries who won World War II. The world has changed a lot in the past 50 or so years, so an overhaul is needed. 1) The United States Its inclusion should be self-explanatory and doesn't need justification in my opinion. 2) China Unarguably a major world power now. Again, doesn't need much justification. 3) Japan The only reason it's not on the security council now is because it lost World War II. Keeping it out today doesn't make any sense. It's got one of the biggest, most modern economies in the world, has a bigger GDP than any country in Europe by a wide margin, and it has more people than any country in Europe bar Russia. 4) India In addition to having over a billion people, it's now a nuclear power, so there's really little excuse for not including it. It's a relatively poor country, but this alone shouldn't bar it from a UN seat, and besides, it's economy is undergoing rapid growth, and it's becoming an emerging player in world affairs. 5) Russia It's no longer the superpower that it used to be. But it still has the biggest nuclear arsenal in the world, it's still the biggest country in the world. While it is no longer a superpower, it is definitely a great power and wields considerable sway in its sphere of influence. 6) Brazil This is my somewhat unorthodox pick. The country is quite large both in terms of area and in population (5th in the world in both categories). Even if it is less wealthy than other countries, it has a solid, emerging economy. An emerging world player in my opinion. This leaves us with Europe (minus Russia). Europe is tricky. Should the European Union get one vote? Probably not in my opinion. Right now, the European Union is acting more like a very loose hegemony rather than a centralized entity, so treating it as a single country doesn't make sense. However, it is pretty clear which are the three most powerful and influential countries in Europe, and it is downright impossible include one or two but not all three. They're listed below. 7) Germany 8) France 9) The United Kingdom One last note. As it is right now, any member of the security council has veto power. If nine countries were on the security council, this would make it almost impossible to conduct any meaningful business at the UN. So instead, a super majority, perhaps 6 votes, would be needed to pass resolutions. I look forward to reading your ideas, as well as your comments and critiques on my own picks.

News in australian this morning about Greek Islands for sale, what do you think? Santorini ... payback time after spending binge. Photo: iStock LONDON: There's little that shouts ''seriously rich'' as much as a little island in the sun to call your own. For Sir Richard Branson it is Neckar in the Caribbean, the billionaire Barclay brothers prefer Brecqhou in the Channel Islands, while Aristotle Onassis married Jackie Kennedy on Skorpios, his Greek hideaway. Now Greece is making it easier for the rich and famous to fulfil their dreams by preparing to sell, or offering long-term leases on, some of its 6000 sun-kissed islands in a desperate attempt to repay its mountainous debts. Advertisement: Story continues belowIt has emerged that an area on Mykonos, one of Greece's key tourist destinations, is one of the sites for sale. The island is one-third owned by the government, which is looking for a buyer to develop a luxury tourism complex. Chinese and Russian investors are looking for a little bit of the Mediterranean as holiday destinations for their increasingly affluent populations. The Russian oligarch Roman Abramovich is among those said to be interested, although he denied this. Greece embarked on the desperate act after being pushed into a €110 billion ($156 billion) bailout by the European Union and the International Monetary Fund last month, following decades of overspending and after jittery investors raised borrowing costs to unbearable levels. The sale of an island - or convincing a member of the international executive jet-set to take on a long-term lease - would help to boost its coffers. The Private Islands website also lists Nafsika, in the Ionian sea, which is on the market for €15 million. But others are up for grabs for less than €2 million - less than buyers will spend on a town house in London's upmarket Mayfair or Chelsea. Some of the country's numerous islands are tiny rocky islets which could barely fit a single sunbed. Only 227 Greek islands are populated and the decision to press ahead with potential sales has also been driven by the inability of the state to find funds to develop basic utility infrastructure, or police most of its islands. The hope is that the sale or long-term lease of some islands will attract international investment that will generate jobs and taxable income. ''I am sad - selling off your islands or areas that belong to the people of Greece should be used as the last resort,'' said Makis Perdikaris, a director of Greek Island Properties. ''But the first thing is to develop the economy and attract foreign domestic investment to create the necessary infrastructure. The point is to get money.'' Guardian News & Media I agree Kimon- no big deal. If I could afford it thats where i'd be living .. there is a 33 acre island for 2million,,thats cheap-considering what it is--i want one, i should buy lotto tickets

Is this means that Guiliani won already ? explain this to me ? lookn at this http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/rosnerPage.jhtml http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/759119.html Israel’s Government has thrown its weight behind efforts by supporters to counter what it believes to be negative bias .The Foreign Ministry has ordered trainee diplomats to track websites and chatrooms so that networks of US and European groups with hundreds of thousands of Jewish activists can place supportive messages. In the past week nearly 5,000 members of the World Union of Jewish Students (WUJS) have downloaded special “megaphone” software that alerts them to anti-Israeli chatrooms or internet polls to enable them to post contrary viewpoints. A student team in Jerusalem combs the web in a host of different languages to flag the sites so that those who have signed up can influence an opinion survey or the course of a debate. Doron Barkat, 29, in Jerusalem, spends long nights trawling the web to try to swing the debate Israel’s way. “When I see internet polls for or against Israel I send out a mailing list to vote for Israel,” he said. “It can be that after 15 minutes there will be 400 votes for Israel. Israel’s Foreign Ministry must avoid direct involvement with the campaign but is in contact with international Jewish and evangelical Christian groups, distributing internet information packs. Amir Gissin, the Israeli Foreign Ministry’s public relations director, said: “The internet’s become a leading tool for news, shaping the world view of millions. that plus AIPAC efforts ---and the owners of our news media------it sound like deal done already---what do u think ??

HISTORY HELP ex cred; What factor contributed to the rise of dictators in　．．? ＩWILL DO ANYTHING for help ): make sure you list sections Ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ１ 1. What factor contributed to the rise of dictators in Europe after World War I? A. Economic prosperity in Germany and Italy. B. An atmosphere of tolerance towards all ethnic groups by the fascists in Italy and the Nazi’s in Germany. C. The defeat of the Axis Powers in War World I. D. Severe economic depression. 2. Which of the following statements reflects how U. S. foreign policy changed from 1938 to 1941? A. U.S. policy went from neutrality to support of Britain. B. U. S. policy went from isolation to neutrality. C. U.S. policy towards Japan went from hostility to appeasement. D. U.S. policy went from pro-German to anti-Japanese. 3. One major result of World War I was A. A victorious Germany. B. A revolution in Russia. C. A defeated France. D. A revolution in Great Britain. 4. During the 1930s, Germany, Italy, and Japan used their power to expand their borders and conquer additional territories. A large part of the Axis’s success resulted from the U.S. policy of A. During the 1930s, Germany, Italy, and Japan used their power to expand their borders and conquer additional territories. A large part of the Axis’s success resulted from the U.S. policy of B. Imperialism. C. Internationalism D. Isolationism. 5. Contrary to the hopes of the victorious Allies, the Treaty of Versailles that ended World War I did not create a “just and lasting peace.” How did the Treaty of Versailles contribute to the outbreak of World War II? A. It imposed huge financial reparations on Germany that lead to severe economic instability. B. It weakened all Allied nations by requiring all countries to disarm. C. It failed to disarm the German military. D. It demanded that the League of Nations be barred from resolving any conflicts. 6. The League of Nations was created after World War I as a forum for resolving international conflicts. However, the League was unable to resolve tensions that lead to World War II. One factor that contributed to the ineffectiveness of the League was the A. Breakup of colonial empires in Africa and Asia. B. Opposition of League members to the Treaty of Versailles. C. Decision of the United States not to join the League. D. Rise of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. Ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ２ 1. After World War II, the goals of United States foreign policy were influenced by the Cold War. Which of the following events demonstrates that influence? A. Marshall Plan. B. Support of Vietcong in Vietnam. C. Internment of Japanese Americans. D. Operation Desert Storm. 2. As World War II came to an end, the Cold War, a new kind of conflict emerged. The United States and the Soviet Union were at the center of this conflict. It was called the Cold War because A. The use nuclear weapons created a nuclear winter. B. Both nations agreed on postwar issues. C. The two countries were increasingly suspicious of each other’s motives. D. The two countries disagreed over the punishment of war criminals. 3. An unintended consequence of World War II was the creation of the nation of Israel in order to A. Provide a buffer zone between the West and Communist East. B. Establish a Jewish homeland. C. Create a refuge for Germans who lost their homes during World War II. D. Give Great Britain another colony. 4. In August 1945, President Harry Truman ordered the use of atomic weapons against Japan to end World War II. Fearing U.S. power, the Soviet Union also developed nuclear weapons. The ensuing arms race contributed to A. Urbanization in Eastern Europe. B. The collapse of the Soviet Union. C. Globalization of industry. D. The division of North and South Vietnam. 5. At the end of World War II, how did the military occupation of Eastern European countries by the Soviet Union contribute to the Cold War? A. It strengthened the power of the United Nations. B. The Soviet Army unified Germany. C. It forced more Jewish refugees to move to Israel. D. It divided Europe into Communist and non-Communist spheres. 6. World War II heralded the end of European colonialism. The war provided the opportunity and the inspiration for independence movements in Africa. These movements generally resulted in A. The development of democracy and strong economies in the former colonies. B. Ethnic strife and weak economics in the former colonies. C. The redrawing of borders of most African states. D. The spread of AIDS across the African continent. Ｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ３ 1. During World War I and the 1920s, large numbers of African Americans migrated to northern states in a movement known as the Great Migration. Why did these people migrate? A. A. They wanted to enjoy the cooler climate in the north. B. B. They wanted to enjoy better economic job opportunities in the south. C. C. They wanted to enjoy the south’s warmer climate

can you answers theses S.S ?s (short answers) Thankyou!!? 11. What was the Stamp Act? 12.What country was the first to recognize America as a country? 13.What was the Treaty of Paris? 18.What was the Estates-General? 19.What and were did the 3rd Estate meet?What were their goals? 20.What were the National Convention's goals and concerns? 21.What was the Reign of Terror?Who?What happened?Why? 22.What was the Republic of Virtue?Why?What happened? 23.What was The Directory?Who?What happened?Why? 24.What power did Napoleon have? 25.What was Napoleon's first goal after coming to powe?Why? 26.What were the dependant states? 27.What were the allied forces? 28.What was the European responses to Napoleon? 29.Why did Napoleon's Empire fall? 30.What was the Continental System? 31.What was the disaster in Russia?Who?What happened?Why? 32.What was Napoleon's last defeat?What person did he lose against? 33.What was one of the first industries to be affected by the Industrial Revolution? 34.What did the factory labor system create? 35.What was the social change brought about by the Industrial Revolution? 36.List the Allied powers 37.List the Central Powers 38.What is conscription?What role did militarism play in the early 1900's? 39.When and what happened to Archduke Ferdinand? 40.What was the Austrian-Hungary and German respnses? 41.What was the Schlieffen Plan? 42.How long did people think the WWI was going to last? 43.What is propaganda and why was it used during WWI/ 44.What is trench warfare?What types of weapons were used? 45/What was the sinking of Lusitania?When?Where? 46.What caused the U.S. entry to WWI? 47.What was the Zimmerman Note? 48.What is total war? 49.What is armstice? 50.What were the costs of war? 51.What are the reparations?Who had to pay it? 52.Name the governments that collapsed after WWI? 53.What were the BIG THREE?Why and where did they meet? 54.What was the LEague of Nations?Who started it? 55.What was the Treaty of Versailles?Who started it? 56.What new countries were created/ 57.Why did the U.S. not join the League of NAtions? 58.What is imperialism? 59.What is conscription? 60.Why did many Europeans nations set up colonies? 61.What was the open door policy/ 62.What was the Boxer rebellion? 63.Waht is indirect rule?What is direct rule? 64.What government was is power before Lenin took over? 65.What started WWII? 66.Waht is blitzkrieg? 67.When was Peral HArbor?Who were the key players? 68.What was the Battle of Midway?Who was the commanders in the PAcific? 69.Who was the leader of the Battle of Normandy?Whatwas the result? 70.What was Nazism?Why was it appealing? 71.Discuss the ABttle of Britain? 72.What did Hitler violate in the Treaty of Versailes? 73.Discuss rationing and war bond? 74.What was the Manhattan project?What were the 2 cities affected by the bomb?What was the name of the plane?What was the result? 75.What was the result of the Potsdam Conference? 76.When was D-Day? 77.List the Allied powers.List the Axis powers.During WWII. 78.What were the Nuremburg Trials? 79.Discuss the BAttle of Coral Sea? 80.What was the non-aggression pact? 81.Discuss the Yalta Conference 82.Who said an "iron curtain' had descended across the continent? 83.What was the containment policy used for? 84.What was the Berlin Airlift?Who was involved/ 85.What was the Marshal Plan? 86.What was NATO?Who were the original members? 87.Why did Americans fear the Russian satellite Sputnik I? 88.Who was the U.S. senator responsible for an anti-communists movement known as the "Red Scare"? 89.What did the Truman Doctrine states? 90.WHy was the Ber lin Wall built? 91.What was the U.S. policy to stop the spread of communism toward the Soviet Union? 92.What President signed the Civil Rights Act? 93.Who was the President during the Cuban Missile Crisis? 94.Who was Leonardo Davinci? 95.Define Secular? 96.Who was the leader of the Protestant Reformation?What was the first Protestant faith?What did the Ninety-five theses state? 97.What was the Renaissance? 98.What is mercantilism? 99.What was the Middle passage? 100.Who was Columbus?What did he go to to his grave thinking he discovered?

Ap History questions about the cold war? THE COLD WAR 1945-1991 Chapter 21 Section 109 Pages 866-884 The Opening Decade 1945-1955 and the Marshall Plan: 1.How was science perceived as a serious threat? 2.What was (and continues to be) a roadblock in the Security Council? 3.“The United Nations failed…” Yes, but how did it succeed? 4.Why did the USA take it upon itself to become the global cop? 5.Name 4 examples of distrust between the Soviets and the West. 6.What was the “Iron Curtain?” 7.What was the “containment policy” and how did the Truman Doctrine surpass it? 8.Did the USSR have valid reasons for its perception of the USA? Explain with at least 2 examples. 9.How did the creation of NATO strengthen the East-West split in Europe? 10.What was the Soviet response to NATO? 11.How did the US occupation of Japan help the Japanese prosper? 12.Why didn’t China help North Korea more in its initial invasion of South Korea? 13.How did the Marshall Plan a) benefit the USA and Western Europe and b) further alienate the Soviet Union? Chapter 23 Section 120 Pages 978-992 Confrontation and Détente, 1955-1975: 1.How did Khrushchev’s message seem contradictory? 2.Khrushchev and Eisenhower seemed to be making progress. What changed? 3.What was the “Eisenhower Doctrine?” 4.How did ICBM “save” us? 5.Why did European nations start to doubt the Americans’ will to defend them? 6.How was the Peace Corps supposed to reduce the “attraction of communism?” 7.How did Khrushchev’s Cuban plan backfire? 8.How did the Kennedy administration and the CIA react to the “embarrassment” caused by Ngo Dinh Diem? 9.When did American involvement in the Vietnam War officially begin (bit of a trick question). 10.American arms manufacturers must have made a killing (pun intended) during WW2. They must have been even happier during the Vietnam War. Why? 11.Some debate whether or not the USA won the war. Provide 2 examples that prove it didn’t. 12.Who was the “Hitler of Cambodia?” How was communist Cambodia different than communist Taiwan? 13.What was the Soviet version of the Monroe or Truman Doctrines? 14.Which needs revealed the inherent weakness of the Soviet Union? 15.How did China become a permanent member of the U.N.’s Security Council? Chapter 24 Section 124 Pages 1012-1013 The Crisis in the Soviet Union 1.What were “perestroika” and “glasnost” and why were they considered revolutionary? Page 1017 1.Why was achieving peaceful relations so essential for Gorbachev? Section 126 Pages 1025-1029 The Collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union: 1.Gorbachev’s reforms may have been revolutionary, but what marked the actual “revolution” in 1991? Section 127 Pages 1031 Russia After 1991 1.List 3 major challenges Boris Yeltsin faced due to the collapse of the Soviet Union. Section 129 Pages 1057-1059 A New Era 1. Read pages 1057-1059, and answer this: What new insecurities developed with the end of the Cold War, and how would this new era be more problematic? im doing this as i speak i just figured i could get some help

I just recieved an email from British national Lottery saing I have won 1.2 million British Pounds Sterling? What's the deal here? It sounds so legit. But I dont believe it? I am the last one to yell help in a situation like this... but since it a situaion like this.............HHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEELLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! The National Lottery P O Box 1010 Liverpool, L70 1NL UNITED KINGDOM (Customer Services) Date: 22nd January 2008 WINNING NOTIFICATION Ref: UK/9420X2/05 Batch: 074/05/ZY369 Dear Winner, We happily announce to you the draw of British National lottery Award International programme held in London. Your e-mail address attached to ticket number: 56475600545 188, with Serial number: 5368/02 drew the winning number: 05,06,17,20,28,42 (Bonus33), which subsequently won you the lottery award in the 2nd category. Your name and email address has therefore been approved to claim a total sum of £1,200,000.00 (One Million Two Hundred Thousand British Pounds Sterling) in cash credited to file KPC/9030108308/03. This is from a total cash prize of £6,000,000.00 (Six Millon Pound Sterling) shared among the first 5 lucky winners in this category worldwide. This is from a total cash prize of £1,200,000.00 shared among the first five (5) lucky winners in this category i.e Match 5 plus bonus. All participants for the online version were selected randomly from World Wide Web sites through computer draw system and extracted from over 100,000 union, associations and corporate bodies that are listed online. This promotion take place yearly. Please note that your lucky winning number falls within our European booklet representative office in Europe as indicated in your play coupon. In view of this, your £1,200,000.00 (One Million Two Hundred Thousand British Pounds Sterling) would be released to you in any of our payment offices in Europe. Our European agent will immediately commence the process to facilitate the release of your funds as soon as you contact him. For security reasons, you are advised to keep your winning information confidential until your claim is processed and your money remitted to you in whatever manner you deem fit to claim your prize. This is part of our precautionary measure to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program. Please be warned. To file for your claim, please contact our claims agent by filling the claims requirement form below: Mr. Richard Carpenter, Tel: +44-703-191-3102 Tel: +44-703-192-4250 Email: mr.richardcarpenter01@yahoo.ie 1.Name Name:.................... 2.Sex:.................... 3.Age: .................... 4.Marital Status:.................... 5.Contact Address:.................... 6.Nationality:.................... 7.Country Of Residence:.................... 9.Telephone Number:.................... 9.Occupation:.................... 10.Brief Description Of Company/Individual:.................... 11.Winning E-mail Address:.................... 12.Winning Number:.................... Our European agents will immediately commence the process to facilitate the release of your funds as soon as you contact him. You may wish to establish contact via e-mail with the particulars presented above stating the batch and reference numbers to this letter. Our winners are assured of the utmost standards of confidentiality, and press anonymity until the end of proceedings, and beyond where they so desire. Be further advised to maintain the strictest level of confidentiality until the end of proceedings to circumvent problems associated with fraudulent claims. This is part of our precautionary measure to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program. Goodluck from members & staff of the BRITISH NATIONAL LOTTERY. Yours faithfully, Mrs. Stella Ellis Online coordinator for BRITISH NATIONAL LOTTERY, Sweepstakes International Program. Open daily. Copyright 2008 The British National Lottery Inc. All rights reserved. Terms of Service - Guidelines.

World History Help Please, Ten Points....? struggling!!? 2. Previously in Nazi Germany, anti-Semitism had been based on religion. This later changed to an outright hatred based on race, which then led to A. the passing of the Nuremberg Laws. B. the forced deportation of non-Aryan Germans. C. agreements with other Axis powers to eliminate the Jewish population. D. higher taxes for all German Jews. 3. Which of the following contributed as a cause of the Holocaust? A. The Nazis blamed the Jewish people for Germany’s defeat in WWI. B. Hitler wrote Mein Kampf, which outlined specific plans for his Final Solution. C. Economic hardships and political unrest in Europe following WWI were blamed on Jewish people. D. Nazi concentration camps were overcrowded, and there were limited resources to build more camps. 4. Hitler’s Final Solution included A. opening a second front in Western Europe. B. less restrictive laws benefiting Germany’s Jewish population. C. concentration camps, death camps, and Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing units). D. deportation of European Jews. 5. The world was given a clear picture of what a world controlled by Adolf Hitler might have been like after A. Germany passed the Nuremberg Laws, and they deported thousands of Jews from Germany. B. Allied forces liberated the Nazi prison camps and witnessed the scenes of horror at the death camps. C. the United States established the War Refugee Board in January of 1944, and Jewish refugees related horrible stories of the Nazi death camps to U.S. officials. D. Allied forces recovered many of the personal writings of Hitler and other Nazi military officers. 6. What was the goal of the Yalta Conference? A. To agree on a schedule for the invasion of France B. To reach an agreement on what to do with postwar Europe C. To compensate victims of the Holocaust D. To divide Europe into communist and capitalist sections 7. Which was NOT an effect of World War II? A. The United States developed the atomic bomb and used it to end the war against Japan. B. Countries throughout all of Europe established democratic governments. C. Allied countries now occupied Japan and large areas of Europe. D. The United Nations was created to help prevent future wars of similar magnitude. 8. Tens of millions of people, mostly civilians, died during WWII, with the heaviest losses in A. Eastern Europe. B. the United Nations. C. Western Europe. D. the Netherlands. 9. What did the United States, Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and China share as a result of World War II? A. They were all member nations of the United Nations Security Council, which had more power than other member nations. B. They were all countries that had more than 250,000 military deaths in World War II. C. They were all nations that opposed the inclusion of Germany and Japan as members of the United Nations. D. They were all countries that had created atomic bombs as a means to end the war. 10. Which nation suffered the most from World War II in terms of military and civilian deaths? A. Germany B. Japan C. the Soviet Union (USSR) D. France 11. Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answers the question. Some questions may have more than one correct answer. What did the Soviets find when they liberated the Auschwitz death camp in January of 1945? A. Detailed lists of all of the prisoners that had been executed B. Mobile killing units C. About 7,000 starving survivors D. Hundreds of thousands of pieces of clothing 12. How did the D-Day invasion’s success affect the outcome of the war? A. It forced Germany out of France. B. It allowed more than a million Allied soldiers to join the fighting throughout the coast of France. C. It extended the war. D. It caused the atomic bomb attack.

History help please!! im really struggling! Help.....? 2. Previously in Nazi Germany, anti-Semitism had been based on religion. This later changed to an outright hatred based on race, which then led to A. the passing of the Nuremberg Laws. B. the forced deportation of non-Aryan Germans. C. agreements with other Axis powers to eliminate the Jewish population. D. higher taxes for all German Jews. 3. Which of the following contributed as a cause of the Holocaust? A. The Nazis blamed the Jewish people for Germany’s defeat in WWI. B. Hitler wrote Mein Kampf, which outlined specific plans for his Final Solution. C. Economic hardships and political unrest in Europe following WWI were blamed on Jewish people. D. Nazi concentration camps were overcrowded, and there were limited resources to build more camps. 4. Hitler’s Final Solution included A. opening a second front in Western Europe. B. less restrictive laws benefiting Germany’s Jewish population. C. concentration camps, death camps, and Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing units). D. deportation of European Jews. 5. The world was given a clear picture of what a world controlled by Adolf Hitler might have been like after A. Germany passed the Nuremberg Laws, and they deported thousands of Jews from Germany. B. Allied forces liberated the Nazi prison camps and witnessed the scenes of horror at the death camps. C. the United States established the War Refugee Board in January of 1944, and Jewish refugees related horrible stories of the Nazi death camps to U.S. officials. D. Allied forces recovered many of the personal writings of Hitler and other Nazi military officers. 6. What was the goal of the Yalta Conference? A. To agree on a schedule for the invasion of France B. To reach an agreement on what to do with postwar Europe C. To compensate victims of the Holocaust D. To divide Europe into communist and capitalist sections 7. Which was NOT an effect of World War II? A. The United States developed the atomic bomb and used it to end the war against Japan. B. Countries throughout all of Europe established democratic governments. C. Allied countries now occupied Japan and large areas of Europe. D. The United Nations was created to help prevent future wars of similar magnitude. 8. Tens of millions of people, mostly civilians, died during WWII, with the heaviest losses in A. Eastern Europe. B. the United Nations. C. Western Europe. D. the Netherlands. 9. What did the United States, Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and China share as a result of World War II? A. They were all member nations of the United Nations Security Council, which had more power than other member nations. B. They were all countries that had more than 250,000 military deaths in World War II. C. They were all nations that opposed the inclusion of Germany and Japan as members of the United Nations. D. They were all countries that had created atomic bombs as a means to end the war. 10. Which nation suffered the most from World War II in terms of military and civilian deaths? A. Germany B. Japan C. the Soviet Union (USSR) D. France 11. Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answers the question. Some questions may have more than one correct answer. What did the Soviets find when they liberated the Auschwitz death camp in January of 1945? A. Detailed lists of all of the prisoners that had been executed B. Mobile killing units C. About 7,000 starving survivors D. Hundreds of thousands of pieces of clothing 12. How did the D-Day invasion’s success affect the outcome of the war? A. It forced Germany out of France. B. It allowed more than a million Allied soldiers to join the fighting throughout the coast of France. C. It extended the war. D. It caused the atomic bomb attack.

History questions for those who can answer.? Previously in Nazi Germany, anti-Semitism had been based on religion. This later changed to an outright hatred based on race, which then led to A. the passing of the Nuremberg Laws. B. the forced deportation of non-Aryan Germans. C. agreements with other Axis powers to eliminate the Jewish population. D. higher taxes for all German Jews. 3. Which of the following contributed as a cause of the Holocaust? A. The Nazis blamed the Jewish people for Germany’s defeat in WWI. B. Hitler wrote Mein Kampf, which outlined specific plans for his Final Solution. C. Economic hardships and political unrest in Europe following WWI were blamed on Jewish people. D. Nazi concentration camps were overcrowded, and there were limited resources to build more camps. 4. Hitler’s Final Solution included A. opening a second front in Western Europe. B. less restrictive laws benefiting Germany’s Jewish population. C. concentration camps, death camps, and Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing units). D. deportation of European Jews. 5. The world was given a clear picture of what a world controlled by Adolf Hitler might have been like after A. Germany passed the Nuremberg Laws, and they deported thousands of Jews from Germany. B. Allied forces liberated the Nazi prison camps and witnessed the scenes of horror at the death camps. C. the United States established the War Refugee Board in January of 1944, and Jewish refugees related horrible stories of the Nazi death camps to U.S. officials. D. Allied forces recovered many of the personal writings of Hitler and other Nazi military officers. 6. What was the goal of the Yalta Conference? A. To agree on a schedule for the invasion of France B. To reach an agreement on what to do with postwar Europe C. To compensate victims of the Holocaust D. To divide Europe into communist and capitalist sections 7. Which was NOT an effect of World War II? A. The United States developed the atomic bomb and used it to end the war against Japan. B. Countries throughout all of Europe established democratic governments. C. Allied countries now occupied Japan and large areas of Europe. D. The United Nations was created to help prevent future wars of similar magnitude. 8. Tens of millions of people, mostly civilians, died during WWII, with the heaviest losses in A. Eastern Europe. B. the United Nations. C. Western Europe. D. the Netherlands. 9. What did the United States, Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and China share as a result of World War II? A. They were all member nations of the United Nations Security Council, which had more power than other member nations. B. They were all countries that had more than 250,000 military deaths in World War II. C. They were all nations that opposed the inclusion of Germany and Japan as members of the United Nations. D. They were all countries that had created atomic bombs as a means to end the war. 10. Which nation suffered the most from World War II in terms of military and civilian deaths? A. Germany B. Japan C. the Soviet Union (USSR) D. France 11. Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answers the question. Some questions may have more than one correct answer. What did the Soviets find when they liberated the Auschwitz death camp in January of 1945? A. Detailed lists of all of the prisoners that had been executed B. Mobile killing units C. About 7,000 starving survivors D. Hundreds of thousands of pieces of clothing 12. How did the D-Day invasion’s success affect the outcome of the war? A. It forced Germany out of France. B. It allowed more than a million Allied soldiers to join the fighting throughout the coast of France. C. It extended the war. D. It caused the atomic bomb attack. 13. Which of the following actions were implemented to prevent future world wars? A. Great Britain and the United States each took control of portions of German territory. B. The Soviet Union agreed to respect the sovereignty of Poland. C. The United Nations was created. D. War criminals were pardoned. 14. How did the American development of the atomic bomb affect the world in the years after the war? A. The United States emerged from WWII as a superpower. B. An arms race began, as other countries tried to develop their own atomic bombs. C. It caused the Soviet Union to emerge from WWII as a superpower. D. For the next 60 years, conflict was eliminated between countries involved in WWII. 15. What resulted from the atomic bombs dropped over Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August of 1945? A. Residents of both cities would later die from radiation poisoning. B. The bombs destroyed thousands of buildings. C. More than 70,000 people died instantly. D. Japanese emperor Hirohito surrendered on August 15, 1945. 16. Which c

Hi! Im back again,,Yeah I believe that is a scam? they replied me fallow to the requirement of UK Immigration Services..I can fallow what's Immigration said but no involve money.... here are the replied from the Immigration to me. In line with our legal operation policy ,your applications to obtain work permit and extensions of your work start date in United Kingdom as a non-EEA National(UK) falls under the class of Highly Skilled Migrants Programme (HSMP) on the basis of your job status and salary points.HSMP holders work permit is issued for a maximum of five years and your dependents /family members can be added which offers an entry route into the United Kingdom for skilled workers who are citizens of countries outside of the European Economic Area. For administrative purposes and immediate openings of your files both at the UK Border Agency {Immigration Service} and HSMP office. Since you are subject to Oversea Employment Regulations and would be required to provide evidence of your immigration status or equivalent permissions documents in the form of (Work Permit ***ID) for the applications of date extensions in your contract employment start date to be effective. Notice: You are thereby, requested to furnish us with the listed information and documents marked asterisks below alongside your work permit processing fees. HSMP/Work Permit application requirements: 1. Copy of Driver's License number ****(Pending) 2. Copy of International Passport-document ****(Pending) 3. Mail-Postal address ****(Pending) 4. Copy of Job offer Contract document(Received) 5. Birth Certificate ****{Pending} 6. Passport photograph size 2x2***(Pending) Scanned copies are applicable via e-mail. HSMP/Work-Permit Processing Fees For Entries Outside UK: 1. Work Permit application fee:- -- £ 318.00GBP /Entry Outside UK 2. Courier Service /Affidavit Fees:-£ 35.00GBP 3. Service Charges :- -- £ 175.00GBP 4. Tax ---------------------- £105.00GBP 5.Total Amount: -----------------£ 633.00GBP Payment methods and currencies: You will have to advice us on how to make the payment from the below explanation for us to provide you with Payment information. Since we are based in the United Kingdom fees are shown in GBP £ (pounds sterling). For candidate in the USA and Canada we can accept payment in USD$ (US dollars) via Western Union services as our registered local transfer agency. For candidate in Asia and Africa, the same means can be implied. All documents of HSMP approvals upon issuance alongside the Original Contract Hard copy of your Employment offer with Myworld Oil & Gas Plc will be couriered to your contact address via Registered Royal courier post -UK. Time frame is 7-working days to conclude all applications and postings.The aim of the HSMP Approval Document is to ensure that only those migrants whose skills are needed can come to the UK.The system is introduced with the new rules that apply to those in HSMP programme–having commenced on 29th February 2008. Yours Sincerely, Mr.James Bruce, Chief Executive Officer Work Permit Department. 5th Floor Union House 65-69 Shepherds Bush Green London, W12 8TX, United Kingdom. Tel/Fax: 0044 701 002 9237

i have recieved this and was wondering if it is a scam. It provided a web site which can be found in a search? The Irish Lottery P O Box 1010 11 G Lower Dorset Street, Dublin 1, Ireland (Customer Services) Ref: UK/9420X2/68 Batch: 074/05/ZY369 WINNING NOTIFICATION: We happily announce to you the draw (#1004) of the IRISH LOTTERY online Sweepstakes International program held on sat 20th May 2006 - 9.26pm. It is now available for claims and you are getting the final NOTIFICATION as regards this. Your e-mail address attached to ticket number:56475600545 188 with Serial number 5368/02 drew the lucky numbers:04, 11, 14, 17, 29, 19, 31 (bonus no.01 ), which subsequently won you the lottery in the 1st category i.e match 5 plus bonus. You have therefore been approved to claim a total sum of £1.35 Million(One million, three hundred and fifty thousand, pounds sterling) in cash credited to file KTU/9023118308/03. This is from a total cash prize of £4,419,864 shared amongst the(2)lucky winners in this category i.e Match 6 plus bonus.All participants for the online version were selected randomly from World Wide Web sites through computer draw system and extracted from over 100,000 unions, associations, and corporate bodies that are listed online. This promotion takes place weekly. Please note that your lucky winning number falls within our European booklet representative office in Europe as indicated in your play coupon. In view of this, your £1.35 Million(One million, three hundred and fifty thousand, pounds sterling) will be released to you by any of our payment offices in Europe. Our European agent will immediately commence the process to facilitate the release of your funds as soon as you contact him.For security reasons, you are advised to keep your winning information confidential till your claim is processed and your money remitted to you in whatever manner you deem fit to claim your prize. This is part of our precautionary measure to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program. Please be warned!!! To file for your claim, please contact our fiduciary agent: DR FELIX PARKER Tel: +44 702 406 7567 +44 702 406 7853 Email: irelandpromo2006@yahoo.co.uk Endeavour to email/fax him your full names,winning numbers and email address immediately. You can go to our online result site to confirm the value of your winnings and also get a prize breakdown:- http://www.irishlotto.net Please note - There are an ever-growing number of Irish lottery e-mail scams. Although these scammers have used our name and address in their fraudulent e-mails we are NOT involved in any way with any of these scams. Please visit http://www.fraudwatchinternational.com/internetfraud/lottery.htm for more information. Congratulations from me and members of staff of THE IRISH LOTTERY. Yours faithfully, Kieran Ellis(Mrs) Online coordinator for THE IRISH LOTTERY Sweepstakes International Program. Confidentiality Notice: Please note that this email, and any files that may be attached to it,is/are confidential and is/are intended for the sole use of the individual(s) or entity(ies) to which it/they is/are addressed. Any use,distribution,copying or disclosure by any other person or entity is strictly prohibited under applicable law(s). If you received this email in error,please notify the sender by return email and delete the original message (making sure it is also deleted from the Deleted Items folder of your mail client). Opinions, conclusions and other information in this message that do not relate to official business of IRISH LOTTERY and insurance shall be understood to be neither given nor endorsed by IRISH LOTTERY finance and insurance when addressed to comet finance and insurance clients; and any information contained in this email is subject to the terms and conditions of the governing client's contract(s).

What would you do if you got these? I got this e-mail: ONLINE NOTIFICATION UNIT. UK NATIONAL ONLINE LOTTERY(HOME OFFICE). 165 FULHAM PALACE ROAD W6 8JB UNITED KINGDOM. REFERENCE NUMBER: xxxxxxxxxx BATCH NUMBER: xxxxxxxxxxx OUR REF: xxxxxxxxx TICKET NUMBER: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx WINNING NOTIFICATION: FINAL ANNONCEMENT We are pleased to inform you of the final announcement today 27th of November, 2008 of winners of the UK NATIONAL LOTTERY ONLINE PROMOTION PROGRAMME held on Saturday the 11th of November, 2006. Your e-mail address attached to ticket number: xxxxxxxxx with Serial number xxxxx drew the lucky numbers:xxxxxxxx, and a bonus number of xx which subsequently won you the lottery in the second category. You have therefore been approved to claim a total of£ 480,152.00(Four hundred and eighty thousand one hundred and fifty-two Great Britain Pounds) in cash credited to file xxxxxx. This is from a total cash prize of £3,361,064.00 shared equally amongst the first seven (7) lucky winners in this category i.e Match 5 plus bonus. All participants of this online promotion programme were selected randomly from numerous World Wide Web sites through computer draw system and extracted from close to 125,000 unions, associations and corporate bodies listed online. This promotion takes place Quarterly. Please note that your lucky winning number falls within our European booklet representative office in the United Kingdom as indicated in your play coupon. In view of this, your £480,152.00(Four hundred and eighty thousand one hundred and fifty-two Great Britain Pounds) would be released to you by any of our payment office in the United Kingdom. Your assigned claims agent will immediately commence the process to facilitate the release of your funds as soon as you contact him/her via electronic mail(email) or other options made available to you. For security reasons, you are advised to keep your winning information confidential till your claim is processed and your money remitted to you in any manner you deem fit to claim your prize. This is part of our precautionary measure to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program. Please be warned. To file for your claim, please contact your assigned agent; Official: Mr. Smith Brown Representative office. 10 Camelot close Thamesmead. London E280 ES United Kingdom. Tel: +447 786 853 517 Email: mrsmithbrowbagent09@yahoo.co.uk You are required to provide him with the information below for verification purposes; 1.Full Name(s): 2.Full Address: 3.Occupation: 4.Age: 5.Sex: 6.Nationality: 7.Country of Residence: 8.Telephone Number: 9.Fax Number: 10.Ticket Number(as given above): 11.Reference Number(as given above): For due processing and remittance of your prize money. Note: You must contact your claims officer not later than 2(two) weeks after this date, all funds will be returned as unclaimed. In order to avoid unnecessary delays and complications. Please remember to quote your reference number as the subject of your correspondences with your claims officer. Furthermore, should there be any change of your address, do inform your claims officer as soon as possible. Congratulations once more from all members and staffs of this program. Thank you for being part of our online promotional lottery program. Yours Truly, Sir. Stephen Paul. Co-ordinator(Online Promo Programme). and this one: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Confirmation Email lucky No xxxxxxxxxxxx This email is to notify you that your Email Address attached to a Ticket Number:(809/115/511) has won an Award Sum of €1,000,000.00 (One Million Euros Only) In an Email Sweepstake program held on the 13th of November, 2008. Please contact the claim officer through the below given contact information for the Claim. CLAIM AGENT: Mr. Simms Sanchez Contact Email:winnersclaim55@aol.com Contact Telephone:0034-693-455-188 Please forward the below stated winning information to your Claim Agent. WINNING INFORMATION'S Batch/Ref Number xxxxxxxxxxxx Award/Email Ticket Number xxxxxxxxxxxx Congratulations!!! Mrs. Isabel Moreno ------------------------------ I've been trying to ignore these mails,but that's not an easy thing to do. I guess I love money too much :-p

is this a scam? I received this via email? Lotto Draw:http://www.national-lottery.com/resultsnationalhistorical.asp Draw date:11/4/2007 WINNING NOTIFICATION: We happily announce to you the Draw (#942) of the UK NATIONAL LOTTERY,online Game Lottery program held on 11th of April 2007.Your e-mail address won the lottery, with Serial number 368/02 drew the Winning numbers: 8-11-21-32-35-42 (Bonus no.47) , which subsequently won you the lottery in the 2nd category i.e match 3 plus bonus. You have therefore been approved to claim a total sum of £691,252 .00( Six Hundred And Ninety One Thousand, Two Hundred And Fifty Two Great Britain Pounds) in cash credited to file KTU/9023118308/07. This is from a total cash prize of £25,893,361{Twenty Five million,Eight hundred and ninty three thousand ,Three hundred and Sixtyone Great Britain Pounds Sterling} was approved for the four( 4)lucky winners in this category i.e Match 6, Bonus with percentage 16.9% . All participants for the online version were selected randomly from World Wide Web sites/ emails through computer draw system and extracted from over 100,000 unions, associations, and corporate bodies that are listed online. This promotion takes place weekly. All participants were selected randomlly through a computer ballot system drawn from a pool of over 25,000 names of distinguished professionals drawn from Europe, America, Asia, Australia, Francel,Middle-East, parts of Africa, and North & South America as part of our international promotions programme conducted annually to encourage prospective overseas entries. The internet emailing diea was used, since most people do are not able to purchase tickets and play outside the UK. We hope with part of your prize awards, you will take part in our subsequent lottery jackpots. For security reasons, you are advised to keep your winning information confidential till your claim is processed and your money remitted to you in whatever manner you deem fit to claim your prize. This is part of our precautionary measure to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program. Our European agent will immediately commence the process to facilitate the release of our funds as soon as you contact Bar.Owen Green.For security reasons, you are advised to keep your winning information confidential till your claim is processed and your money remitted to you in whatever manner you deem fit to claim your prize Draw . Draw date:11/4/2007 Winning numbers: 8-11-21-32-35-42 (Bonus no.47) This is part of our precautionary measure to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program. Please be warned. To file for your claim, Please contact our Fiduciary Agent for VALIDATION. ************************************************** BARR. OWEN GREEN. FOREIGN MANAGER,PAYMENT AND RELEASE DEPARTMENT,ALPHA CONSULATANT TRANS-ATLANTIC S.A LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM. Tell :+44 70111 50928 Email: ukclaimsagent18@yahoo.co.uk ************************************************** PLEASE FILL BELOW YOUR DETAILS AND THE WAY YOUR WISH TO CLAIM YOUR WINNING. Your Personal Data Form Fill Please: Name Of Winner:_____________________________ Date Of Birth:______________________________ Marital Status:_____________________________ Sex:________________________________________ Occupation::________________________________ Tel No:_____________________________________ Fax No:____________________________________ Lucky e-mail:_______________________________ Contact Address:____________________________ State:_____________________________________ Country:___________________________________ Zip Code:___________________________________ Your winnings details: Congratulations once more from me and members of staff of THE UK NATIONAL LOTTERY. Yours faithfully, Carl A.Allison. DeleteReplyForwardSpamMove... Previous | Next | Back to Messages Save Message Text | Full Headers Check MailCompose

Is it true or false BRITISH PROMOTION 2007? from this i brought mail .? To: sunil_savla80@yahoo.co.in Subject: CONGRATULATIONS!! YOU HAVE WON 2.5MILLION CONTACT YOUR CLAIMS AGENT From: "BRITISH PROMOTION 2007" <uklottery@uk.net> Add to Address Book Date: Sat, 7 Jul 2007 23:07:20 -0400 (BOT) THE NATIONAL LOTTERY P O BOX 1010 LIVERPOOL, L70 1NL UNITED KINGDOM (Customer Services) Ref: UKNL/05/8256/53219/QE327 Batch: UKNL5/A115-07 Dear Winner, We happily announce to you the draw (#984) of the UK NATIONAL LOTTERY,online Sweepstakes International Program held 6th of JULY 2007. Your e-mail address attached to ticket number: 56475600545 188 with Serial number 1037 drew the lucky numbers: 0714 29 37 41 45 04 Bonus Ball which subsequently won the Jackpot prize. You have therefore been approved to claim a total sum of £2,500,000(Two million five hundread Thousand Pounds Sterling) in cash credited to file KTU/9023118308/03. All participants for the online version were selected randomly from the World Wide Web through a computer draw system and extracted from over 100,000 unions, associations, and corporate bodies that are listed online. This promotion takes place weekly. Please note that yourluckywinning number falls within our European booklet representative office in Europe as indicated in your play coupon. In view of this, your £2,500,000 would be released to you by any of our payment offices in Europe. To file for your claim, please contact your fudiciary agent immediately for verification ------------------------------------------------- Barrister David Green. Alpha Consultants Lawfirm & Schmidtz Associates (Solicitors Advocates& Arbitrators) E-mail: processingmanager111@yahoo.co.uk Phone: +447031836075 Fudiciary Agent/Payment Officer Who will direct you on how to claim your winnings That way your Winnings Certificate and all other relevant documents/paperwork can be prepared for you. You would be required to show an instrument of identification when cashing your cheque i.e.Drivers license or International passport. For security reasons, you are advised to keep your winning information confidential till your claims is processed and your money emitted to you in whatever manner you deem fit to claim your prize. This is part of our precautionary measure to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program. Please be warned. Good luck from meand members of staff of the U.K NATIONAL LOTTERY. Details Of Beneficiary Name(Surname First):.................. Address:............................. Country:............................. Telephone:........................... Gender:.............................. Marital Status:.................... Age:................................. Occupation:.......................... Annual Income:..................... Email Address:....................... Congratulations from me and members of staff of THE UK NATIONAL LOTTERY. Yours faithfully, Mrs.Rose wood Online coordinator for THE NATIONAL LOTTERY SweepstakesInternational Program.

Is this a fraud e-mail? This is what I got :- BRITISH ONLINE NOTIFICATION DESK. GOVERNMENT ACCREDITED LICENSED!! BRITISH ONLINE INTERNATIONAL LOTTERY IS REGISTERED UNDER THE DATA PROTECTION ACT OF; (Registration Z720633X). The British National Lottery P O Box 1010 3b Olympic Way, Sefton Business Park, Aintree, Liverpool , L30 1RD (Customer Services) Ref: UK/9420X2/68 Batch: 074/05/ZY369 WINNING NOTIFICATION: We happily announce to you the draw (#1004) of the BRITISH LOTTERY online Sweepstakes International program held on 2oth of January 2007. It is now available for claims and you are getting the final NOTIFICATION as regards this. Your e-mail address attached to ticket number:56475600545 188 with Serial number 5368/02 drew the lucky numbers: 05, 06, 17, 20, 28, 42 ( Bonus 33) , which subsequently won you the lottery in the 1st category i.e match 5 plus bonus. You have therefore been approved to claim a total sum of 1 Million Pounds,(One Million Pounds) in cash credited to file KTU/9023118308/03. This is from a total cash prize of £ 1000,000 Million Pounds , shared amongst the(4)lucky winners in this category i.e Match 6 plus bonus. All participants for the online version were selected randomly from World Wide Web sites through computer draw system and extracted from over 100,000 unions, associations, and corporate bodies that are listed online. This promotion takes place weeklyPlease note that your lucky winning number falls within our European booklet representative office in Europe as indicated in your play coupon. In view of this,your 1 Million Pounds,(one million,Pounds ) will be released to you by any of our payment offices in Europe. Our European agent will immediately commence the process to facilitate the release of your funds as soon as you contact him.For security reasons, you are advised to keep your winning information confidential till your claim is processed and your money remitted to you in whatever manner you deem fit to claim your prize. This is part of our precautionary measure to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program. Please be warned!!! To file for your claim, please contact our fiduciary agent: Mr. Maxwell Smith, Tel: +44-704-570-3916 Email: mail@britishlotteryclaimsdept.vossnet.co.uk *IMPORTANT* FILL OUT THIS WINNERS VERIFICATION FORM BELOW: Your application for the claim of lottery winning prize will be duly processed and settlement made upon certification.Hence, carefully fill in the appropriate information in the space provided below for record purposes to facilitate our immediate commencement of your claims process. The completed form should be sent to your Fiduciary agent for immediate commencement of prize remittance *Name of Beneficiary:.................. *Address:.............................. *City/State:........................... *Country:............................ *Nationality:.......................... *Sex:.................................. *Email Address:.................... *Tel:.................................. *Fax (if any).......................... *Occupation:......................... *Next of Kin:......................... *Age:................................. *AMOUNT WON:................... *In Figures:........................... *In Words:............................. *Lucky Nos:........................... *Ticket No:............................ OFFICE USE ONLY Verified by:________________ Confirmed by: ________________ FIDUCIARY AGENT SIGNATURE:________________ Congratulations from me and members of staff of THE BRITISH LOTTERY. Yours faithfully,Stella Ellis(Mrs) Online coordinator for THE BRITISH LOTTERY Sweepstakes International Program. Confidentiality Notice: Please note that this email, and any files that may be attached to it,he/her confidential and he/her intended for the sole use of the individual(s) or entity(ies) to which it/they he/her addressed. Any use,distribution,copying or disclosure by any other person or entity is strictly prohibited under applicable law(s). If you received this email in error,please notify the sender by return email and delete the original message (making sure it is also deleted from the Deleted Items folder of your mail client).Opinions, conclusions and other information in this message that do not relate to official business of BRITISH LOTTERY and insurance shall be understood to be neither given nor endorsed by BRITISH LOTTERY finance and insurance when addressed to comet finance and insurance clients; and any information contained in this email is subject to the terms and conditions of the governing client's contract(s).b

Is this a real email? I recieved this eariler this morning, I live in the US however. -- The Irish Lottery P O Box 1010 11 G Lower Dorset Street, Dublin 1, Ireland (Customer Services) Ref: UK/9420X2/68 Batch: 074/05/ZY369 =================== WINNING NOTIFICATION: We happily announce to you the draw (#1004) of the IRISH LOTTERY online Sweepstakes International program held on 30th of April 2008. It is now available for claims and you are getting the final NOTIFICATION as regards this.Your e-mail address attached to ticket number: 56475600545 188 with Serial number 5368/02 drew the lucky numbers: 05, 06, 17, 20, 28, 42 ( Bonus 33) , which subsequently won you the lottery in the 1st category i.e match 5 plus bonus. You have therefore been approved to claim a total sum of €1. Million Pounds,(one million,Pounds) in cash credited to file KTU/9023118308/03. This is from a total cash prize of £4000000 Million Pounds , shared amongst the(4)lucky winners in this category i.e Match 6 plus bonus. All participants for the online version were selected randomly from World Wide Web sites through computer draw system and extracted from over 100,000 unions, associations, and corporate bodies that are listed online. This promotion takes place weekly. Please note that yourlucky winning number falls within our European booklet representative office in Europe as indicated in your play coupon. In view of this, your €1. Million Pounds, (one million,Pounds ) will be released to you by any of our payment offices in Europe. Our European agent will immediately commence the process to facilitate the release of your funds as soon as you contact him.For security reasons, you are advised to keep your winning information confidential till your claim is processed and your money remitted to you in whatever manner you deem fit to claim your prize. This is part of our precautionary measure to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program. Please be warned!!! To file for your claim, please contact our fiduciary agent: . MR MAXWELL JONES Email:maxwelljones_fiduciaryagents90@yahoo.co.uk *IMPORTANT* FILL OUT THIS WINNERS VERIFICATION FORM BELOW: Your application for the claim of lottery winning prize will be duly processed and settlement made upon certification. Hence, carefully fill in the appropriate information in the space provided below for record purposes to facilitate our immediate commencement of your claims process. The completed form should be sent to your Fiduciary agent for immediate commencement of prize remittance *Name of Beneficiary:.......... *Address:.............................. *City/State:............................ *Nationality:.......................... *Country.............................. *Sex:..................................... *Email Address:.................... *Tel:...................................... *Fax (if any).......................... *Occupation:......................... *Next of Kin:......................... *Age:.................................... *Valid Id :.......................... *AMOUNT WON:................... *In Figures:........................... *In Words:............................. *Lucky Nos:........................... *Ticket No:............................ OFFICE USE ONLY Verified by:________________ Confirmed by: ________________ FIDUCIARY AGENT SIGNATURE:________________ Congratulations from me and members of staff of THE IRISH LOTTERY. Yours faithfully, Stella Ellis(Mrs) Online coordinator for THE IRISH LOTTERY Sweepstakes International Program. Confidentiality Notice: Please note that this email, and any files that may be attached to it,he/her confidential and he/her intended for the sole use of the individual(s) or entity(ies) to which it/they he/her Addressed. Any use,distribution,copying or disclosure by any other person or entity is strictly prohibited under applicable law(s). If you received this email in error,please notify the sender by return email and delete the original message (making sure it is also deleted from the DeletedItems folder of your mail client).Opinions, conclusions and other information in this message that do not relate to official business of IRISH LOTTERY and insurance shall be understood to be neither given nor endorsed by IRISH LOTTERY finance and insurance when addressed to comet finance and insurance clients; and any information contained in this email is subject to the terms and conditions of the governing client's contract(s).b ________________________________________________ This message was sent using Dodo Webmail - www.dodo.com.au

is this spam? THE NATIONAL LOTTERY P O BOX 1010 LIVERPOOL, L70 1NL UNITED KINGDOM (Customer Services) Ref: UK/2405K8/2006 Batch: 201/06/GT89 BTL NOTIFICATION DESK We happily announce to you the draw (#1087) of the UK NATIONAL LOTTERY, online Sweepstakes International program held on Wednesday 24 May, 2006. Your e-mail address attached to ticket number:129854360980 548 with Serial number 4009/06 drew the lucky numbers: 01 17 25 29 41 46 bonus number 06, which subsequently won you the lottery in the 1st category i.e. match 6. You have therefore been approved to claim a total sum of £2,924,309(Two Million Nine hundred and Twenty Four thousand Three Hundred and Nine British pounds sterling) in cash credited to file MNT/2473867190/06. All participants for the online version were selected randomly from World Wide Web sites through computer draw system and extracted from over 150,000 unions, individuals, associations, and corporate bodies that are listed online. This promotion takes place weekly. Please note that your lucky winning number falls within our European booklet representative office in Europe and your paying bank will be from our African Representative as indicated in your play coupon. In view of this, your £2,924,309(Two Million Nine hundred and Twenty Four thousand Three Hundred and Nine British pounds sterling) would be released to you by our representing bank in South Africa upon clearance and clarification from our payment office in Europe. Our European agent will immediately commence the process to facilitate the release of your funds as soon as you contact him. For security reasons, you are advised to keep your winning information confidential till your claims is processed and your money remitted to you in whatever manner you deem fit to claim your prize. This is part of our precautionary measure to avoid double claiming and unwarranted abuse of this program. To file for your claim, please contact our fiduciary agent Mr. HENRY COLE, with the filled verification form: VERIFICATION AND FUNDS RELEASE FORM 1.FULL NAMES: 2.ADDRESS: 3.SEX: 4.AGE: 5.MARITAL STATUS: 6.OCCUPATION: 7.E-MAIL ADDRESS: 8.TELEPHONE: 9.Fax NUMBER: 10.REFERENCE NUMBER: 11.TICKET NUMBER: 12.SERIAL NUMBER: 13.AMOUNT WON: 14.WINNING NUMBER: 15. STATE: 16. COUNTRY: Mr. HENRY COLE. Direct Email: agenthenrycole@yahoo.co.uk Phone Number: +447031870750 You can go to our online result site to confirm the value of your winnings and also get a prize breakdown:-https://www.national-lottery.co.uk click at results, then click draw history, then check your date 24 MAY for your breakdown. NOTE: For security reasons email addresses of winners are not disclosed to avoid multiple claims. Congratulations from me and members of staff of THE UK NATIONAL LOTTERY. Yours faithfully, Mr.Richard Bricks Online coordinator for THE NATIONAL LOTTERY Sweepstakes International Program.

What are two countries in the EU that have religious problems with each other? Why? This is about the European Union religious problems today with some influence from the past. List only members please, thanks!

Did you know that the EU wants to rip away your rights? WHAT THE EU TREATY OF LISBON DOES (legally accurate) * National Platform EU Research and Information Centre 15.02.2008 This document has been prepared by the National Platform EU Research and Information Centre, 24 Crawford Ave., Dublin 9; Tel: 01-8305792; Secretary Anthony Coughlan. It has been vetted for legal accuracy by authorities on Irish constitutional and EU law. Please copy it or adapt it as you please and pass it on to others, without any need of reference to its source. “France was just ahead of all the other countries in voting No. It would happen in all Member States if they have a referendum. There is a cleavage between people and governments…There will be no Treaty if we had a referendum in France, which would again be followed by a referendum in the UK.” - French President Nicolas Sarkozy, at meeting of MEP Group leaders, EUobserver, 14 November 2007 “Public opinion will be led to adopt, without knowing it, the proposals that we dare not present to them directly … All the earlier proposals will be in the new text, but will be hidden and disguised in some way.” - Former French President V.Giscard D’Estaing, Le Monde, 14 June 2007 “The substance of the Constitution is preserved. That is a fact.” - German Chancellor Angela Merkel, speech to the European Parliament, 27 June 2007 An EU Constitution: The Treaty of Lisbon is a revamped version of the treaty which gave the EU its own Constitution over and above the constitutions of its Member States, but which the peoples of France and Holland rejected in referendums in 2005. Instead of accepting that decision the EU Prime Ministers and Presidents decided to give the EU a constitution indirectly rather than directly, but not to call it a constitution, and on no account to hold referendums on it for fear people would reject it again. Why an Irish referendum?: A referendum must be held on it in Ireland however because the Supreme Court laid down in the 1986 Crotty case that sovereignty in this State rests with the Irish people and that only they can surrender sovereignty to the EU by referendum, or else refuse to surrender it as the case might be. The purpose of the referendum would be to change the Irish Constitution so as to make EU law superior to Irish law in the areas set out in the Lisbon Treaty. Lisbon gives the EU a constitution indirectly rather than directly: The two current basic European Treaties are called “The Treaty on European Union (TEU) and “The Treaty on the Functioning of the Union”(TFEU). These two documents include all the previous treaties from the 1957 Rome Treaty to the 2002 Nice Treaty. The EU Constitution which the French and Dutch rejected would have repealed these two treaties and replaced them with a document called “A Constitution for Europe”. The Lisbon Treaty implements 96% of the legal content of this “Constitution for Europe” by proposing amendments to the two basic EU Treaties and thereby turning them into the effective constitution of the new Federal EU that Lisbon would bring about. The following are the main changes Lisbon would make in the EU’s two constituent Treaties: 1. Lisbon makes the EU Constitution superior to the Irish Constitution in all areas of EU law: We would still keep the Irish Constitution, but “Declaration 17 concerning Primacy”, which is attached to Lisbon, makes clear that EU law would have primacy over and be superior to the Irish Constitution and laws in any case of conflict between the two. EU law and national law deal with different areas and matters, but the EU now makes the majority of our new laws each year. The Lisbon Treaty would give the EU the power to make laws binding on us in many new areas and would take that power away from the Irish Dáil and from Irish citizens who elect the Dáil. 2. Lisbon gives the EU the constitutional form of a supranational European Federal State and turns Ireland and the other Member States into regions or provinces of this Federation: It does this in three legal steps: (a) giving the new European Union which it would bring into being its own legal personality and independent corporate existence for the first time, separate from and superior to its Member States; (b) abolishing the European Community which we have been members of since 1973 and replacing it with the new Union; and (c) bringing all spheres of public policy either actually or potentially within the scope of the new Union. From the inside this new post-Lisbon EU would seem to be based on treaties between States. From the outside it would look like a State itself. Lisbon would then make us all real citizens of this new Federal EU for the first time, owing to it the normal citizen’s duty of obedience to its laws and loyalty to its authority. One can only be a citizen of a State and all States must have citizens. We would still retain our Irish citizenship, but the rights and duties attached to that would be subordinate to those of our EU citizenship in any case of conflict between the two. The EU’s authority would be superior. Post-Lisbon, we would be like citizens of Virginia vis-a-vis the USA or citizens of Bavaria vis-a-vis Federal Germany. This new Federal EU would sign Treaties with other States, would have its own political President, Foreign Minister and foreign and security policy, its own diplomatic service and voice at the UN, and its own Public Prosecutor. It would make most of our laws and would decide what our basic rights are in all areas of EU law. 3. Lisbon shifts influence over law-making and decision-taking in the EU towards the Big States and away from the smaller ones like Ireland: It does this by replacing the voting system for making EU laws that has existed since the 1957 Rome Treaty by a primarily population-based system which would give most influence to the Member States with big populations and reduce the influence of smaller ones like Ireland. Under Lisbon a “weighted” or “qualified” majority vote (QMV) for making EU laws in future would be 15 States out of 27 as long as they included 65% of the EU’s total population. When Ireland joined the then EEC in 1973 we had 3 votes in making European laws as against 10 each for the Big States, a ratio of one-third. Under the current Nice Treaty arrangements we have 7 votes as against their 29 each, a ratio of one-quarter. Under Lisbon Ireland would have 4 million people as against Germany’s 82 million, a ratio of one-twentieth, and an average of 60 million each for France, Italy and Britain, a ratio of one-fifteenth. Under Lisbon Ireland’s voting weight vis-a-vis the other 26 Member States would fall to one-third its present level, from 2% to 0.8%. 4. Lisbon removes Ireland’s right to a permanent EU Commissioner: The Commission is the body which has the monopoly of proposing all EU laws, which are then made by the Council of Ministers, with some powers of amendment for the European Parliament. Under Lisbon Ireland would have no member on the Commission for one out of every three Commission terms. This means that for five years out of every fifteen, laws affecting all our lives would be put forward entirely by a committee of EU officials on which there was no representative from Ireland. The Big EU States would lose their right to a permanent Commissioner also, but their size and weight give them other means of exerting influence on that key body. As Dr Garret FitzGerald and others have emphasised over the years, being represented on the EU Commission is especially important for smaller States like Ireland. 5. Lisbon deprives the Irish Government of its right to decide who Ireland’s Commissioner would be when it comes to our turn to be on the Commission: It provides that Ireland’s present right to “propose” a national Commissioner and to have that proposal accepted by the others, would be replaced by a right to make “suggestions” regarding a name, but with no guarantee that a particular suggestion would be accepted by the 27 Prime Ministers and Presidents who would decide the list of Commissioners as a whole by qualified majority vote. If the Irish Government were to suggest someone as its EU Commissioner who had, for example, antagonised the government of some other Member State in the past, or who was regarded as not enthusiastic enough for further EU integration, it could be asked to suggest another name as more acceptable. The Commission President, appointed by vote of the Prime Ministers and Presidents, would decide in practice who Ireland’s Commissioner would be. The new Commission President could ask a Commissioner to resign at any time, just as a Taoiseach has full control over his cabinet. The new Commission would be like an EU Government, except that this government would not be elected by the citizens. 6. Lisbon gives the European Union the power to make laws in 32 new areas that are removed from the Dail and other National Parliaments: These new areas of EU law-making include civil and criminal law, justice and policing, immigration, public services, energy, transport, tourism, space, sport, culture, civil protection, public health and the EU budget. There would be majority voting also by EU Foreign Ministers in some areas of foreign policy. The EU Council of Ministers would obtain power to take decisions by qualified majority vote on many matters other than EU laws - up to 68 in all - so that Member States would no longer exercise a veto regarding them. This increase in EU powers simultaneously increases the personal power of the 27 national politicians who make up the EU Council of Ministers by enabling them to make further laws behind closed doors for 500 million Europeans, while taking power away from the citizens and national Parliaments which elect those politicians and which have made these laws for their own countries up to now. Each shift of power from the national level to the EU entails a further shift of power from the Irish Dail and people to Irish Government Ministers at EU level. It hollows out our national democracy further. The Treaty also increases the power of the non-elected Brussels Commission, which has the monopoly of proposing European laws to the Council of Ministers, by giving it many new policy areas to propose laws for. 7. Lisbon is a self-amending Treaty which would open the way to harmonising Ireland’s company taxes: Lisbon inserts a new Article 48 into the “Treaty on European Union”, the “simplified revision procedure”, which permits the Prime Ministers and Presidents by unanimity to shift most areas of the treaties where unanimity now exists to qualified majority voting without the need for new treaties or referendums. This is called the “escalator clause”, which former French President Giscard d’Estaing said was “a central innovation” of the EU Constitution he helped draft. The laws cover areas such as company taxation, but exclude defence and military matters. A National Parliament can veto this mechanism, but citizens can not, as we would have accepted this method of rule by agreeing the Lisbon Treaty. After Lisbon is ratified there would be no need, practically speaking, for further EU referendums. If the Taoiseach of the day has not objected to his fellow Prime Ministers and Presidents, the switch to majority voting on company taxes would go through. If he has not objected, the National Parliament could revolt against him and object, but it is not required to vote for the use of the “escalator”. This leaves the citizens in the position of depending entirely on the backbone of the current Taoiseach or his successor to continue defending Ireland’s company tax position, which has been so important in bringing foreign firms to Ireland and is central to our modern economic development. Already the EU Commission has drafted proposals for introducing a Common EU Tax Base for Company taxes, but has postponed its publication until after the Irish referendum. Does this encourage confidence that the “escalator clause” will not be used to bring in EU tax harmonisation? Lisbon opens another door to EU tax harmonisation if national differences in company tax lead to “distortion of competition“(Art.93 TFEU). This would enable the EU Court of Justice to apply the internal market rules on competition matters, where majority voting applies, to matters of company tax. This could be another way around the present unanimity requirement for such taxes. Lisbon also permits the EU to raise its “own resources” by means of any kind of EU tax to finance the attainment of its many objectives(Art.269 TFEU). The 27 EU Prime Ministers and Presidents would have to decide unanimously what taxes to impose and once National Parliaments approved, that would be that. There would be no need of a referendum in Ireland or anywhere else in the EU, for we would have permitted this development by voting for Lisbon. It is hard to imagine the 27 EU Prime Ministers and Presidents refraining from exercising this power to give the new Union its own major tax revenues once it is up and running under their political direction. 8. Lisbon gives the EU the power to decide our human and civil rights: The new Treaty gives the EU the final power to decide what our rights are in all areas of EU law, including Member States when implementing EU law. It would do this by making the rights set out in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights legally binding for the first time (Art.6 TEU). This would make the 27 judges of the EU Court of Justice in Luxembourg the final decider of our rights in many areas, instead of the Irish Supreme Court or the Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg, which decides these rights at present. If Lisbon gives the EU Court of Justice the power to decide what our rights are in the large area of EU law, it is likely that the Commission will in time propose laws to ensure their uniform application across all EU States, as has happened in the case of the other Treaties up to now. The EU Court of Justice has laid down in several court cases that National Law must be applied in a way that is consistent with EU law, for the latter has supremacy in any conflict between the two. This principle must logically apply to rights issues also. This raises the real possibility of clashes over rights standards in sensitive areas where there are significant national differences between the Member States at present: for example, the right to life, the right to marry and found a family, the right to strike, rules of evidence in court, the rights of children and the elderly, trial by jury, censorship law, the legalisation of hard drugs and prostitution, rights attaching to State churches, conscientious objection to military service, succession, property, family law, labour law. 9. Lisbon provides that if one-third of National Parliaments object to the Commission’s proposal for an EU law, the Commission must reconsider it, but not necessarily abandon it: It might reword the draft law, as happened with the Constitution, or if it considered the objection was not justified, it might ignore it. The European Parliament cannot propose a single European law, but it gets more influence under the new Union’s Constitutional structures. It can put down amendments to draft laws coming from the Council and Commission in the 32 law-making areas that would be transferred to Brussels from the National Parliaments, although the Commission and Council must agree them if they are to pass. National Parliaments would of course lose their power. Ireland has only 12 members out of 750 in the European Parliament. When Ireland was part of the UK in the 19th century it had 100 members out of 600 at Westminster, where all UK laws were both proposed and made. The Lisbon Treaty also provides for a right of petition to the Commission by one million European citizens asking it to propose a new EU law, but there is no obligation on the Commission to do anything apart from “considering” such a request. It can ignore it or reject it. In other words the citizens, if they get a million signatures, have the right to complain and then hope for the best. 10. Lisbon militarizes the EU further: The Treaty requires Member States “to progressively improve their military capabilities”. It introduces a “start-up” fund for common foreign policy and military operations to be financed by Member States outside the Union budget (Art.28). It contains an Article which the current Slovenian EU presidency has admitted is a “mutual defence clause” (Art.28A.7): “If a Member State is the victim of armed aggression on its territory, the other Member States shall have towards it an obligation of aid and assistance by all means in their power.” This is a new departure for the EU and would commit all Member States including Ireland. In the light of this mutual defence clause there would be no constitutional need for a further referendum in Ireland before we committed ourselves operationally to the military defence of other EU countries, for Lisbon would be that referendum. Lisbon also allows sub-groups of Member States to embark on military missions on behalf of the EU, without a UN mandate, while the others “constructively abstain”. Is Lisbon necessary to make the EU more efficient? The advent of 12 new Member States has not made the negotiation of new EU laws more difficult since they joined the EU. On the contrary, a study by the Science-Po University in Paris calculated that new rules have been adopted a quarter times more quickly since the enlargement from 15 to 27 Member States compared with the two years before enlargement. The study also showed that the 15 older Member States block proposed EU laws twice as often as the newcomers. Professor Helen Wallace of the London School of Economics has found that the EU institutions are working as well as they ever did despite the enlargement of the EU from 15 to 27 members. She found that “the evidence of practice since May 2004 suggests that the EU’s institutional processes and practice have stood up rather robustly to the impact of enlargement.” The Nice Treaty voting arrangements thus seem to be working well. If we reject the Lisbon Treaty will we be forced to vote on it again? Europe Minister Dick Roche has stated that if we vote No to Lisbon, we will not be asked to vote again on the same Treaty, as happened when people voted No to the Treaty of Nice. Nor can we be ostracised or thrown out of the EU - anymore than that happened to the French and Dutch when they rejected the EU Constitution, of which Lisbon is a revamped version. We need to send Lisbon back to the EU Prime Ministers and Presidents and tell them that we want a better deal - for Ireland’s sake and Europe’s sake. We want a more democratic, not a less democratic EU. Ireland can do it, on our own behalf and on behalf of all the peoples of Europe, if we have confidence in ourselves and resist the misrepresentations of what Lisbon is really about, and all the bullying and threats. A Vote No is a Yes to something better!

Can you translate these English paragraphs to Tagalog about UAE??? Introduction Background: Definition Field Listing The Trucial States of the Persian Gulf coast granted the UK control of their defense and foreign affairs in 19th century treaties. In 1971, six of these states - Abu Zaby, 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah, Dubayy, and Umm al Qaywayn - merged to form the United Arab Emirates (UAE). They were joined in 1972 by Ra's al Khaymah. The UAE's per capita GDP is on par with those of leading West European nations. Its generosity with oil revenues and its moderate foreign policy stance have allowed the UAE to play a vital role in the affairs of the region. Geography Location: Definition Field Listing Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf, between Oman and Saudi Arabia Geographic coordinates: Definition Field Listing 24 00 N, 54 00 E Map references: Definition Field Listing Middle East Area: Definition Field Listing Rank Order total: 83,600 sq km land: 83,600 sq km water: 0 sq km Area - comparative: Definition Field Listing slightly smaller than Maine Land boundaries: Definition Field Listing total: 867 km border countries: Oman 410 km, Saudi Arabia 457 km Coastline: Definition Field Listing 1,318 km Maritime claims: Definition Field Listing territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin Climate: Definition Field Listing desert; cooler in eastern mountains Terrain: Definition Field Listing flat, barren coastal plain merging into rolling sand dunes of vast desert wasteland; mountains in east Elevation extremes: Definition Field Listing lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Jabal Yibir 1,527 m Natural resources: Definition Field Listing petroleum, natural gas Land use: Definition Field Listing arable land: 0.77% permanent crops: 2.27% other: 96.96% (2005) Irrigated land: Definition Field Listing 760 sq km (2003) Total renewable water resources: Definition Field Listing 0.2 cu km (1997) Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural): Definition Field Listing total: 2.3 cu km/yr (23%/9%/68%) per capita: 511 cu m/yr (2000) Natural hazards: Definition Field Listing frequent sand and dust storms Environment - current issues: Definition Field Listing lack of natural freshwater resources compensated by desalination plants; desertification; beach pollution from oil spills Environment - international agreements: Definition Field Listing party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea Geography - note: Definition Field Listing strategic location along southern approaches to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil Government Country name: Definition Field Listing conventional long form: United Arab Emirates conventional short form: none local long form: Al Imarat al Arabiyah al Muttahidah local short form: none former: Trucial Oman, Trucial States abbreviation: UAE Government type: Definition Field Listing federation with specified powers delegated to the UAE federal government and other powers reserved to member emirates Capital: Definition Field Listing name: Abu Dhabi geographic coordinates: 24 28 N, 54 22 E time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) Administrative divisions: Definition Field Listing 7 emirates (imarat, singular - imarah); Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi), 'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah (Sharjah), Dubayy (Dubai), Ra's al Khaymah, Umm al Qaywayn (Quwayn) Independence: Definition Field Listing 2 December 1971 (from UK) National holiday: Definition Field Listing Independence Day, 2 December (1971) Constitution: Definition Field Listing 2 December 1971; made permanent in 1996 Legal system: Definition Field Listing based on a dual system of Shari'a and civil courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Suffrage: Definition Field Listing none Executive branch: Definition Field Listing chief of state: President KHALIFA bin Zayid al-Nuhayyan (since 3 November 2004), ruler of Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) (since 4 November 2004); Vice President and Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 5 January 2006) head of government: Prime Minister and Vice President MUHAMMAD bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 5 January 2006); Deputy Prime Ministers SULTAN bin Zayid al-Nuhayyan (since 20 November 1990) and HAMDAN bin Zayid al-Nuhayyan (since 20 October 2003) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president note: there is also a Federal Supreme Council (FSC) composed of the seven emirate rulers; the FSC is the highest constitutional authority in the UAE; establishes general policies and sanctions federal legislation; meets four times a year; Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) and Dubayy (Dubai) rulers have effective veto power elections: president and vice president elected by the FSC for five-year terms (no term limits); election last held 3 November 2004 upon the death of the UAE's Founding Father and first President ZAYID bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan (next to be held in 2009); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president election results: KHALIFA bin Zayid al-Nuhayyan elected president by a unanimous vote of the FSC; MUHAMMAD bin Rashid al-Maktum unanimously affirmed vice president after the 2006 death of his brother Sheikh Maktum bin Rashid al-Maktum Legislative branch: Definition Field Listing unicameral Federal National Council (FNC) or Majlis al-Ittihad al-Watani (40 seats; 20 members appointed by the rulers of the constituent states, 20 members elected to serve two-year terms) elections: elections for one half of the FNC (the other half remains appointed) held in the UAE on 18-20 December 2006; the new electoral college - a body of 6,689 Emiratis (including 1,189 women) appointed by the rulers of the seven emirates - were the only eligible voters and candidates; 456 candidates including 65 women ran for 20 contested FNC seats; one female from the Emirate of Abu Dhabi won a seat note: reviews legislation but cannot change or veto Judicial branch: Definition Field Listing Union Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president) Political parties and leaders: Definition Field Listing none Political pressure groups and leaders: Definition Field Listing NA International organization participation: Definition Field Listing ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Diplomatic representation in the US: Definition Field Listing chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant) chancery: 3522 International Court NW, Suite 400, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 243-2400 FAX: [1] (202) 243-2432 consulate(s): New York, Houston Diplomatic representation from the US: Definition Field Listing chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Martin R. QUINN embassy: Embassies District, Plot 38 Sector W59-02, Street No. 4, Abu Dhabi mailing address: P. O. Box 4009, Abu Dhabi telephone: [971] (2) 414-2200 FAX: [971] (2) 414-2603 consulate(s) general: Dubai Flag description: Definition Field Listing three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and black with a wider vertical red band on the hoist side Economy United Arab Emirates Top of Page Economy - overview: Definition Field Listing The UAE has an open economy with a high per capita income and a sizable annual trade surplus. Despite largely successful efforts at economic diversification, nearly 40% of GDP is still directly based on oil and gas output. Since the discovery of oil in the UAE more than 30 years ago, the UAE has undergone a profound transformation from an impoverished region of small desert principalities to a modern state with a high standard of living. The government has increased spending on job creation and infrastructure expansion and is opening up utilities to greater private sector involvement. In April 2004, the UAE signed a Trade and Investment Framework Agreement with Washington and in November 2004 agreed to undertake negotiations toward a Free Trade Agreement with the US. The country's Free Trade Zones - offering 100% foreign ownership and zero taxes - are helping to attract foreign investors. Higher oil revenue, strong liquidity, housing shortages, and cheap credit in 2005-07 led to a surge in asset prices (shares and real estate) and consumer inflation. Rising prices are increasing the operating costs for businesses in the UAE and adversely impacting government employees and others on fixed incomes. Dependence on oil and a large expatriate workforce are significant long-term challenges. The UAE's strategic plan for the next few years focuses on diversification and creating more opportunities for nationals through improved education and increased private sector employment. GDP (purchasing power parity): Definition Field Listing Rank Order $167.3 billion (2007 est.) GDP (official exchange rate): Definition Field Listing $192.6 billion (2007 est.) GDP - real growth rate: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 7.4% (2007 est.) GDP - per capita (PPP): Definition Field Listing Rank Order $37,300 (2007 est.) GDP - composition by sector: Definition Field Listing agriculture: 1.8% industry: 59.3% services: 38.9% (2007 est.) Labor force: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 3.065 million (2007 est.) Labor force - by occupation: Definition Field Listing agriculture: 7% industry: 15% services: 78% (2000 est.) Unemployment rate: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 2.4% (2001) Population below poverty line: Definition Field Listing 19.5% (2003) Household income or consumption by percentage share: Definition Field Listing lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA% Inflation rate (consumer prices): Definition Field Listing Rank Order 11% (2007 est.) Investment (gross fixed): Definition Field Listing Rank Order 21.8% of GDP (2007 est.) Budget: Definition Field Listing revenues: $58.88 billion expenditures: $38.06 billion (2007 est.) Public debt: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 22.9% of GDP (2007 est.) Agriculture - products: Definition Field Listing dates, vegetables, watermelons; poultry, eggs, dairy products; fish Industries: Definition Field Listing petroleum and petrochemicals; fishing, aluminum, cement, fertilizers, commercial ship repair, construction materials, some boat building, handicrafts, textiles Industrial production growth rate: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 4.3% (2007 est.) Electricity - production: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 57.06 billion kWh (2005) Electricity - consumption: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 52.62 billion kWh (2005) Electricity - exports: Definition Field Listing 0 kWh (2005) Electricity - imports: Definition Field Listing 0 kWh (2005) Oil - production: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 2.54 million bbl/day (2006 est.) Oil - consumption: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 372,000 bbl/day (2005 est.) Oil - exports: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 2.54 million bbl/day (2004 est.) Oil - imports: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 137,200 bbl/day (2004) Oil - proved reserves: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 97.8 billion bbl (2007 est.) Natural gas - production: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 45.07 billion cu m (2005 est.) Natural gas - consumption: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 39.56 billion cu m (2005 est.) Natural gas - exports: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 6.848 billion cu m (2005 est.) Natural gas - imports: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 1.343 billion cu m (2005) Natural gas - proved reserves: Definition Field Listing Rank Order 5.823 trillion cu m (1 January 2006 est.) Current account balance: Definition Field Listing Rank Order $41.67 billion (2007 est.) Exports: Definition Field Listing Rank Order $156.6 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) Exports - commodities: Definition Field Listing crude oil 45%, natural gas, reexports, dried fish, dates Exports - partners: Definition Field Listing Japan 23.4%, South Korea 10.3%, Thailand 5%, India 4.8% (2006) Imports: Definition Field Listing Rank Order $101.6 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) Imports - commodities: Definition Field Listing machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food Imports - partners: Definition Field Listing China 13.1%, India 10.2%, US 8.9%, Japan 6.2%, Germany 6.1%, Italy 4.7% (2006) Economic aid - donor: Definition Field Listing since its founding in 1971, the Abu Dhabi Fund for Development has given about $5.2 billion in aid to 56 countries (2004) Economic aid - recipient: Definition Field Listing $5.36 million (2004) Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Definition Field Listing Rank Order $76.62 billion (31 December 2007 est.) Debt - external: Definition Field Listing Rank Order $57.52 billion (31 December 2007 est.) Stock of direct foreign investment - at home: Definition Field Listing Rank Order $44.37 billion (2007 est.) Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad: Definition Field Listing Rank Order $14.14 billion (2007 est.) Market value of publicly traded shares: Definition Field Listing Rank Order $138.5 billion (2006) Currency (code): Definition Field Listing Emirati dirham (AED) Exchange rates: Definition Field Listing Emirati dirhams per US dollar - 3.673 (2007), 3.673 (2006), 3.6725 (2005), 3.6725 (2004), 3.6725 (2003) note: officially pegged to the US dollar since February 2002 Fiscal year: Definition Field Listing calendar year Transnational Issues Disputes - international: Definition Field Listing boundary agreement was signed and ratified with Oman in 2003 for entire border, including Oman's Musandam Peninsula and Al Madhah enclaves, but contents of the agreement and detailed maps showing the alignment have not been published; Iran and UAE dispute Tunb Islands and Abu Musa Island, which Iran occupies Illicit drugs: Definition Field Listing the UAE is a drug transshipment point for traffickers given its proximity to Southwest Asian drug-producing countries; the UAE's position as a major financial center makes it vulnerable to money laundering; anti-money-laundering controls improving, but informal banking remains unregulated

Are we supposed to listen to THESE uneducated conspiracy nuts instead of our great leader, "W" about 9/11? LOOK AT THIS LONG LIST OF TINFOIL HAT WEARERS: * Senator Max Cleland – Former member of the 9/11 Commission, resigned in December 2003. *Senator Bob Graham – Former U.S. Senator from Florida 1987 - 2004. Former Chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee. *Senator Mark Dayton – Former US Senator from Minnesota 2001 - 2006. *Congressman Ron Paul, MD – 9-term Congressman from Texas, 1979 - 1985, 1997 - present. *Congressman Curt Weldon – Former 10-term Congressman from Pennsylvania 1987 - 2006. *Congresswoman Cynthia McKinney – Former 6-term Congresswoman from Georgia 1993 - 2002, 2005 - 2006. *Norm Mineta - U.S. Secretary of Transportation 2001 - 2006. U.S. Secretary of Commerce 2000 - 2001. *Louis Freeh – Director of the FBI, 1993 - 2001. Former U.S. District Court Judge for the Southern District of New York, appointed by President George H.W. Bush. *Morton Goulder – Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Warning under Presidents Nixon, Ford, and Carter (1973 - 1977). Founder of Sanders Associates. *Marcus Raskin, JD – Former member of the special staff of the National Security Council in President Kennedy’s Administration. Senior Fellow and Professor of Policy Studies, George Washington University. *Joseph C. Wilson IV – Retired diplomat of the U.S. Foreign Service, specialing in Africa. *Morgan Reynolds, PhD – Chief Economist, U.S. Department of Labor under George W. Bush 2001 - 2002. Former Director of the Criminal Justice Center at the National Center for Policy Analysis. Professor Emeritus, Economics, Texas A&M University. *Paul Craig Roberts, PhD – Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury under Ronald Reagan, "Father of Reaganomics", Former Associate Editor of the Wall Street Journal. Currently Chairman of the Institute for Political Economy and Research Fellow at the Independent Institute. *Catherine Austin Fitts – Assistant Secretary of Housing under George H.W. Bush. Former Managing Director and Member of the Board of Wall Street investment bank, Dillon, Read & Co *John Loftus – Former Federal Prosecutor, Office of Special Investigations, U.S. Department of Justice under Presidents Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan. Former U.S. Army Intelligence officer. Currently author and frequent media commentator on terrorism and intelligence services. *George Kenney – Former career Foreign Service Officer, serving as Yugoslav desk officer at the State Department headquarters in Washington, DC. *Fred Burks – Former State Department Interpreter for Presidents George W. Bush and Bill Clinton, Vice Presidents Dick Cheney and Al Gore, Secretaries of State Colin Powell and Madeleine Albright. *J. Michael Springman – Former career Foreign Service Officer with the State Department and the International Foreign Trade Administration of the Commerce Department. *Daniel Ellsberg, PhD – Former Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of Defense. Former State Department envoy to Viet Nam. *Philip J. Berg, Esquire – Former Deputy Attorney General, State of Pennsylvania. *General Wesley Clark, U.S. Army (ret) – Former Commanding General of U.S. European Command, which included all American military activities in the 89 countries and territories of Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. *Major General Albert Stubblebine, U.S. Army (ret) – Former Commanding General of U.S. Army Intelligence and Security Command, 1981 - 1984. *Col. Ronald D. Ray, U.S. Marine Corps (ret) – Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense during the Reagan Administration and a highly decorated Vietnam veteran (two Silver Stars, a Bronze Star and a Purple Heart). *Col. Robert Bowman, PhD, U.S. Air Force (ret) – Director of Advanced Space Programs Development under Presidents Ford and Carter. U.S. Air Force fighter pilot with over 100 combat missions. (PhD in Aeronautics and Nuclear Engineering, Cal Tech). *Col. George Nelson, U.S. Air Force (ret) – Former U.S. Air Force aircraft accident investigator and airplane parts authority. 34-year Air Force career. *Lt. Col. Karen U. Kwiatkowski, PhD, U.S. Air Force (ret) – Former Political-Military Affairs Officer in the Office of the Secretary of Defense. Also served on the staff of the Director of the National Security Agency. *Lt. Col. Shelton F. Lankford, U.S. Marine Corps (ret) – Retired U.S. Marine Corps fighter pilot with over 300 combat missions flown. 21-year Marine Corps career. *Major Douglas Rokke, PhD, U.S. Army (ret) – Former Director U.S. Army Depleted Uranium Project. 30-year Army career. *Capt. Russ Wittenberg, U.S. Air Force – Former Air Force fighter pilot with over 100 combat missions. Commercial pilot for Pan Am and United Airlines for 35 years, flying 707, 720, 727, 737, 747, 757, 767, and 777 ’s. Had previously flown the actual two United Airlines airplanes that were hijacked on 9/11 (Flight 93, which impacted in Pennsylvania, and Flight 175, the second plane to hit the WTC). *Barbara Honegger, MS – Senior Military Affairs Journalist at the Naval Postgraduate School, the U.S. Navy’s advanced science, technology and national security affairs university (1995 - present). *Lt. Col. Stephen L. Butler, EdD, U.S. Air Force (ret) – Former Vice Chancellor for Student Affairs at the Defense Language Institute. Served as a B-52 Radar Navigator in the Gulf War. 24-year Air Force career. *Lt. Col. Anthony Shaffer, U.S. Army Reserve – Commander of Special Troops Battalion, 9th Theater Support Command. *Capt. Scott J. Phillpott, U.S. Navy – Commanding Officer of the guided-missile cruiser USS Leyte Gulf. *Major Erik Kleinsmith, U.S. Army - Former Chief of Intelligence, Land Information Warfare Activity (LIWA). *James D. Smith - Former Able Danger Program Manager for Orion Scientific Systems, a Department of Defense contractor. *Major John M. Newman, PhD, U.S. Army (ret) – Former Executive Assistant to the Director of the National Security Agency. *Major Scott Ritter, U.S. Marine Corps – Former Marine Corps Intelligence Officer and Chief Weapons Inspector for the United Nations Special Commission in Iraq 1991 - 1998. *Capt. Gregory M. Zeigler, PhD, U.S. Army – Former U.S. Army Intelligence Officer *Capt. Eric H. May, U.S. Army (ret) – Former U.S. Army Intelligence Officer. Former inspector and interpreter for the Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty team. *Wayne Madsen – Former U.S. Navy Intelligence Officer, specialist in electronic surveillance and security. Formerly assigned to the National Security Agency and the State Department. *David L. Griscom, PhD – Research physicist, retired in 2001 from Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) in Washington, DC, after 33 years service. *Lon J. Waters, PhD Mathematics – Former staff member of the Maui High Performance Computing Center, a U.S. Department of Defense funded high performance computing and research facility. *Raymond L. McGovern – Former Chairman, National Intelligence Estimates, CIA, responsible for preparing the President’ Daily Brief (PDB) for Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush. *William Christison – Former National Intelligence Officer and Director of the CIA's Office of Regional and Political Analysis. 29-year CIA veteran. *Robert David Steele (Vivas) – U.S. Marine Corps infantry and intelligence officer for twenty years. *Melvin A. Goodman, PhD – Former Division Chief and Senior Analyst at the Office of Soviet Affairs, CIA,1966 - 1990. *Robert Baer – Former CIA Case Officer, Specialist in the Middle East, Directorate of Operations. *Michael Levine – Former Senior DEA investigator *Coleen Rowley – Former Special Agent and Minneapolis Division Counsel, FBI. 24-year FBI career. *Sibel D. Edmonds – Former Language Translation Specialist, performing translations for counterterrorism and counterintelligence operations, FBI. Witness before the 9/11 Commission. *Bogdan Dzakovic – 14-year Counter-terrorism expert in the Security Division of the Federal Aviation Administration. *Steve Elson – Former Special Agent with the U.S. Navy, DEA and FAA. Specialist in Counterterrorism, Intelligence, and Security *William G. Weaver, JD, PhD – Former U.S. Army Signals Intelligence officer. *Paul Hellyer – Former Minister of National Defense of Canada. *Michael Meacher – Former Under Secretary for Industry, Under Secretary for Health and Social Security, Minister for the Environment, and Member of the House of Commons (UK). *Tony Benn - Former Member of British Parliament 1942 - 2001. *Andreas von Buelow, PhD – Former State Secretary of the Federal Ministry of Defense of West Germany. *Horst Ehmke, PhD – Former Minister of Justice (West Germany). *Ernst Welteke – Former President of Deutsche Bundesbank (German Federal Bank) 1999 - 2004. *Francesco Cossiga – Former President of Italy (1985 - 1992) and Former Prime Minister. *General Leonid Ivashov – Former Chief of Staff of the Russian armed forces on 9/11/2001, and Department Chief for General affairs in the Soviet Union's Ministry of Defense. *Gen. Hosni Mubarak – President of Egypt, 1981 - present *Mohamed Hassanein Heikal – Former Foreign Minister of Egypt. *General Pervez Musharraf – President of Pakistan and Chief of Staff of the Pakistan Army. *General Mirza Aslam Beg – Former Chief of Staff of the Pakistani Army. *Giulietto Chiesa – Member of European Parliament, 2004 - present (Italy). *Paul Lannoye – Member of European Parliament, 1989 - 2004 (Belgium). *Col. Pierre-Henri Bunel, French Army (ret) – Army intelligence and artillery officer *Heikki Kurttila, D.Sc. (Tech.) (Doctor of Technology) – Safety Engineer and Accident Analyst *David Shayler – Former Counter-Terrorism Officer, MI5 (Britain) *Lee Hamilton, Vice Chairman, 9/11 Commission – Former 17-term Congressman from Indiana. *Timothy J. Roemer, PhD, 9/11 Commissioner – Former 6-term Congressman from Indiana (1991 - 2003). *Jamie S. Gorelick, 9/11 Commissioner - Former Deputy Attorney General of the United States 1994 - 1997. *John J. Farmer, Jr., Senior Counsel, 9/11 Commission – Former Attorney General of the State of New Jersey. *Peter Rundlet, Counsel for the 9/11 Commission – Former Associate Counsel to President Clinton. SOURCE: http://www.patriotsquestion911.com/

What is the relationship between 911 and Saddam? By The Numbers On September 11th, 2001 4 Flights were hijacked. American Airlines Flight 11 which left Boston's Logan Airport bound for Los Angeles before being piloted into the North Tower of the World Trade Center.American Airlines Flight 77 which left Washington's Dulles International Airport bound for Los Angeles before being flown into the Pentagon. United Airlines Flight 93 which left Newark, N.J., bound for San Francisco before crashing in Stony Creek Township, Pa United Airlines Flight 175 which left Boston's Logan Airport bound for Los Angeles before being piloted into the South Tower of the World Trade Center. Why did the mastermind behind the attacks on America of September 11th, 2001 choose these particular flight numbers? MY THEORY ABOUT THE CHOICE OF FLIGHT 93 WAS THAT 1993 WAS THE YEAR IN WHICH SADDAM FIRST TRIED TO ASSASSINATE FORMER PRESIDENT BUSH IN KUWAIT, IT WAS ALSO THE YEAR IN WHICH SADDAM HUSSEIN FIRST TRIED TO DESTROY THE WORLD TRADE CENTER. IT TURNED OUT TO BE AN UNLUCKY NUMBER FOR SADDAM HUSSEIN BECAUSE THE PASSENGERS ON FLIGHT 93 BECAME HEROES AND STOPPED THE PLANE FROM GOING INTO THE WHITE HOUSE. "White House Was Flight 93 Target http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/05/20/attack/main509535.shtml May 23, 2002 Volunteers in Shanksville this past weekend. (Photo: AP) The San Francisco-bound jet had turned toward Washington and U.S. fighter jets were flying to intercept it when it crashed. All 44 people aboard were killed. (CBS) A high-ranking al Qaeda detainee told investigators the intended target of United Airlines Flight 93, which crashed into a Pennsylvania field on Sept. 11, was the White House. Government sources said Abu Zubaydah, now in U.S. custody, is believed to be the source of the information. He is being interrogated by U.S. officials at an undisclosed location. Investigators have linked Zubaydah directly to hijackers on board Flight 93. United Flight 93 took off from Newark, N.J., and crashed in Somerset County, Pa.. A recorder on the plane and calls made to people on the ground indicate passengers fought for control with the hijackers before it went down. The San Francisco-bound jet had turned toward Washington and U.S. fighter jets were flying to intercept it when it crashed. All 44 people aboard were killed. Officials previously had assumed the White House was a likely target, but said the Capitol and CIA headquarters in McLean, Va., near Washington were other possibilities.Abu Zubaydah is believed to have played a key role in organizing the Sept. 11 attacks, officials said. As al Qaeda's top operational planner, he ran the Khalden camp in Afghanistan, where U.S. investigators have learned many of the Sept. 11 hijackers trained. This suggests Abu Zubaydah may have had direct contact with the hijackers and chosen them for training. He also had telephone contacts with at least one Arab student at U.S. flight schools, according to a July 10, 2001, memo from a Phoenix FBI agent. The CIA, FBI and Pakistani authorities captured and wounded Abu Zubaydah in a raid by in Faisalabad, Pakistan, in March. He is believed to have masterminded the failed millennium bombing plots in Los Angeles and Jordan, and has been linked to failed plots on the U.S. embassies in Paris and Sarajevo. Abu Zubaydah was also indirectly linked, through a web of associations with other al Qaeda members in Europe, to lead Sept. 11 hijacker Mohammed Atta and his cell in Hamburg, Germany. Three members of the Hamburg cell were suicide hijackers; three others are still at large. Ziad Jarrah, believed to be the pilot-hijacker of Flight 93, was a member of the Hamburg cell." http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/05/20/attack/main509535.shtml The first attack on the World Trade Center on February 26th, 1993. The February 26th, 1993 attack marked the 11th anniversary to the day of the declaration by the Reagan-Bush Administration of February 26th, 1982 that Iraq was no longer a state sponsor of terrorism and as such was eligible for American loans and grants, which it subsequently got. The February 26th, 1993 attack also marked the 2nd anniversary to the day of the liberation of Kuwait by the U.S. in the first Gulf War. Remarks at the Commemoration of the Tenth Anniversary of the Liberation of Kuwait Secretary Colin L. Powell Kuwait City, Kuwait (US Embassy) February 26, 2001 The World Trade Center was attacked by terrorists associated with Sheik Rahman on February 26th, 1993. It was Sheik Rahman's group that murdered Egyptian President Anwar Sadat on the 8th anniversary to the day of the 1973 Yom Kippur War, October 6th. Sheik Rahman's son was subsequently found with bin Laden's group in Afghanistan when the U.S. liberated Afghanistan. "White House Press Secretary Ari Fleischer: we have real and credible information that the airplane that landed at the Pentagon was originally intended to hit the White House." http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010912- 8.html#intended-targets American Airlines Flight 77 which left Washington's Dulles International Airport bound for Los Angeles before being flown into the Pentagon. 7/7 is one way to write the date July 7th On July 7th, 1994 Yasser Arafat, PLO chairman drove from Egypt into Gaza, after 27 years in exile. What Arafat was doing was using the date of July 7th to re-write a perceived wrong he had felt some years earlier on another July 7th. It was on July 7th 1986 that the government of Jordan closed the offices of Yasser Arafat's al-Fatah. Because a bus bombing occurred in London on July 7th, 2005 it struck me that the nation that has endured more bus bombings than any other nation is Israel. There may be a connection between the July 7th, 2005 attacks in London and the terrorists who have targeted Israel with bus bombings for years. Recently terrorists in Iraq murdered Egypt's envoy to Iraq. "Zarqawi group reportedly killed Egyptian ambassador in Iraq Iraq-Egypt, Politics, 7/7/2005 News reports from al-Jazeera and al-Arabia satellite TV stations said that Egypt's top diplomat in Iraq to Iraq, Eyhab al-Sharif, had been executed. Meantime, Al-Qaida organization in Iraq, led by Abu Musab al- Zarqawi, had threatened in a statement on the Internet to execute the chairman of the Egyptian diplomatic mission al-Sharif. The threat to execute Sharif came a short time after al-Qaida organization in Iraq issued pictures for the identity cards of the Egyptian diplomat as an evidence that they are the ones which kidnapped him. The statement said the legitimate court of al-Qaida organization in Mesopotamia decided to "send the ambassador of the state of Egypt to the Mujahideen (indivduals from Egypt and other states that go to Iraq to fight with the insurgents) to execute the death penalty against him." The statement considered that "the embassies in Baghdad are but monitoring sites to snipe the arriving Mujahideen and preventing them from having access to their brothers in Jihad in the land of Mesopotamia (Iraq) and in Afghanistan." In an attempt to prove that the Egyptian ambassador is their possession, al-Qaida organization published documents including a driving Sharif's license and a work card for him at the foreign ministry and another one for health insurance. On Tuesday the organization claimed responsibility for kidnapping Sharif." American Airlines Flight 11 which left Boston's Logan Airport bound for Los Angeles before being piloted into the North Tower of the World Trade Center. Saddam Hussein assassinated his first victim when he was 11 years old. Fixated on the number 11 ever since then he easily focused on the World Trade Center as a target because it looked so much like a number 11 that WPIX TV Channel 11 in New York City used the World Trade Center in its logo for years. The World Trade Center also housed an office of the Bank of Kuwait. Saddam used Rahman's group to punish Sadat for failing to defeat Israel in the attack on Israel of October 6th, 1973. Saddam also used Sheik Rahman's group to hit the Speaker of the Egyptian Parliament during the first Gulf War when Egypt sided with America against Iraq. Saddam, acting like a child who is deprived of a toy, who subsequently breaks that toy, set fire to the Kuwaiti oil fields as he was being driven out of Kuwait during the first Gulf War in 1991. "Aired 9/11/2001 "Baghdad Republic of Iraq TV: These are the fruits of the new US order.[Video of explosion rocking World Trade Center] Panic has spread among US official circles, which evacuated the White House following a series of explosions." "CNN LARRY KING LIVE Aired October 2, 2001 LARRY KING: Have you spoken to your father- in-law? (George Herbert Walker Bush) LAURA BUSH: I've spoken to my father-in-law. They were-they had actually spent that Monday night here.(at the White House) I had just seen them off that morning (9/11/2001) when I got in the car and found out about the first plane.(going into the World Trade Center.)" "CNN LARRY KING LIVE America's New War: Laura Bush Discusses the Impact of September 11 Aired October 2, 2001 - 21:00 LARRY KING: A couple of other things: Have you spoken to your father- in-law? (Not in transcript, but the father in law in question is one George Herbert Walker Bush !!!) LAURA BUSH: I've spoken to my father-in-law. They were-they had actually spent that Monday night here. (not in transcript but "here" means at the White House !!!) LARRY KING: Really? LAURA BUSH: I had just seen them off that morning when I got in the-got in the car and found out about the first plane. LARRY KING: Didn't know that. LAURA BUSH: They were-they were on their way to St. Paul, Minnesota to give a speech, and they were in a private plane, and their plane was diverted to Minneapolis." http://www.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0110/02/lkl.00.html "September 11th, 2001 - The White House is evacuated. White House Sealed" http://www.september11news.com/AAWhiteHouseEvacReuters.jpg "try to avoid having the principal travel by commercial airline on terrorist anniversaries" from "The Art of Executive Protection" http://www.securitymanagement.com/library/000450.html " Saddam tried to kill former President Bush in 1993. Former President Bush's Speech to Congress September 11th 1990. 11 years to the day before September 11th 2001 "In the early morning hours of August 2d,(1990),a powerful Iraqi army invaded Kuwait. The crisis in the Persian Gulf also offers a rare opportunity to move toward an historic period of cooperation. Out of these troubled times, our fifth objective-a new world order-can emerge." White House Press Secretary Ari Fleischer: we have real and credible information that the airplane that landed at the Pentagon was originally intended to hit the White House." "White House Was Flight 93 Target A high-ranking al Qaeda detainee told investigators the intended target of United Airlines Flight 93, which crashed into a Pennsylvania field on Sept. 11, was the White House. Government sources said Abu Zubaydah, now in U.S. custody, believed to be the source of the information." Perhaps the following may explain how Saddam knew where former President Bush might be spending the night of September 10th-11th 2001: "Like everyone else in the United States, the group stood transfixed as the events of September 11 unfolded. Present were former secretary of defense Frank Carlucci, former secretary of state James Baker III, and representatives of the bin Laden family. This was not some underground presidential bunker or Central Intelligence Agency interrogation room. It was the Ritz-Carlton in Washington, D.C., the plush setting for the annual investor conference of one of the most powerful, well-connected, and secretive companies in the world: the Carlyle Group. And since September 11, this little-known company has become unexpectedly important. That the Carlyle Group had its conference on America's darkest day was mere coincidence, but there is nothing accidental about the cast of characters that this private-equity powerhouse has assembled in the 14 years since its founding. Among those associated with Carlyle are former U.S. President George Bush Sr., former U.K. Prime Minister John Major, and former President of the Philippines Fidel Ramos. And Carlyle has counted, Prince Alwaleed bin Talal bin Abdul Aziz Alsaud of Saudi Arabia, and Osama bin Laden's family among its high-profile clientele." "The White House is bordered on three sides by buildings that are as tall or taller than itself. (OEOB, Treasury, and Blair House.) Beyond these buildings there are still more buildings, that also are taller than the White House. The only flight path that is relatively unobstructed if making a controlled, straight-in approach, is from the south, over the ellipse. Even the Marine helicopter the president uses comes in from this direction and lands on the South Lawn. The problem with flying a plane the size of a 757 or 767 in from this direction is that there's a 555 ft tall structure in the way called the Washington Monument. The Capitol, although a bigger target, is similarly situated. There are buildings on all sides except for the west side, which faces the Mall. Again, for a controlled, straight-in approach, a pilot first would need to avoid the Washington Monument, and then fly straight down the Mall. There is more room to do this, but again, it would take considerable skill. Moreover, the buildings in Roslyn, just across the river from and to the west of the Mall, would have to be cleared, which means the plane's altitude would probably be too high, or the angle of descent too steep to permit a successful attack by anyone other than a skilled, experienced pilot." To indicate September 1990 one might well write or type 9/90 It was in September of 1990 that President George Herbert Walker Bush spoke to Congress on Iraq. On September 11th, 1990 in fact. What of EgyptAir Flight 990? Weeks after the last pile of debris from EgyptAir Flight 990 was pulled from the sea, investigators say they are more convinced than ever of their original theory: The jet was crashed deliberately." "The co-pilot under scrutiny in the crash of EgyptAir Flight 990 uttered an Arabic prayer not once but as many as 10 times just before the doomed airliner went down" "Aviation Analyst John Nance Talks About Flight 990 When a commercial aircraft goes into a dive as steep and precipitous as the preliminary radar data seems to indicate." An example of terrorists striking on an anniversary came on October 7th, 2004 in Taba. "Images of Destruction | Taba Hilton Before and After Terrorist Attack on October 7, 2004" According to initial findings Naveh said, a car bomb blew up at the entrance to the Hilton Taba Hotel and there was a combined bomb and shooting attack in two restaurants usually frequented by Israelis in Ras Al-Satan." http://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4020867.html On October 7th,2001 "America Retaliates for the September 11 Attacks. October 7, 2001 President George W. Bush Speaks to America After the Strikes Begin. "On October 7th, 1959, Saddam and others attempted, but failed, to assassinate the prime minister of Iraq. Wanted by the Iraqi government, Saddam was forced to flee. He lived in exile in Syria for three months and then moved to Egypt where he lived for three years." http://history1900s.about.com/od/saddamhussein/p/saddamhussein.htm "President Saddam Hussein chairs 48th Cabinet Session Baghdad, Oct. 22, 2001 INA President Saddam Hussein chaired on Sunday the 48th Cabinet session. The Cabinet discussed recent events of Palestinian Intifadha and praised Palestinians brave and persistent struggle for liberating their lands. The cabinet reviewed the current international situation, especially the U.S aggression on Afghanistan. The Cabinet brought back a historic stance Iraq had taken in 1979 when it condemned the military Soviet invasion of Afghanistan though Iraq had then deep relations with the Soviet Union and there was a friendship and cooperation agreement between Iraq and the Soviet Union, yet this had not prevented Iraq from taking the national independent stand rejecting Soviet's behavior. History repeats itself once again in 2001 as Iraq takes the same stance and condemns the US aggression on Afghanistan....this confirms Iraq's principled stance rejecting all forms of foreign intervention and aggressions. The Cabinet discussed issues listed on its agenda and made necessary decisions and recommendations." Saddam loves 11th anniversaries, for instance " Saddam Hussein's speech on the 11th Anniversary of the Great Victory Day In the Name of God, Most Compassionate, Most Merciful Great People, The Valiant of Our Brave Armed Forces, Sons of our Glorious Arab Nation…" "Middle East Correspondent, Robert Fisk: Why was it that the bombing of the two embassies in Tanzania and Kenya occurred on the eighth anniversary to the very day of the first arrival of American troops of the 82nd airborne in Saudi Arabia in 1990?" "The 12th of October 2002 will for the rest of Australian history be counted as a day when evil struck with indiscriminate and indescribable savagery," "On October 12th, 2000 terrorists in a boat laden with explosives carried out a suicide bombing of the U.S.S. Cole in the harbor at Aden, Yemen. In what President Clinton described as a "despicable and cowardly act," 17 U.S. sailors were killed, and over 30 others were wounded." After the liberation of Iraq terrorists struck the Baghdad Hotel on October 12th. If you add 1 to 9 you get 10. If you add 1 to 11 you get 12. Thus the 9/11/2001 attack was presaged by the attack on the U.S.S. Cole on 10/12/2000. The terrorists were engaging in what to them was a private joke regarding their plans for 9/11/2001. "Iraq has the motivation and the means to actively support the Islamist networks of the region*** In the past, there have been intelligence reports of possible cooperation between Iraq and Osama bin Laden. Iraq has already tried to assassinate President Bush Senior in 1993, when he visited Kuwait as a private citizen. In the attack on the USS Cole in Aden (in) October (of 2000), there could have been an Iraqi connection. Iraq has excellent relations with the anti-Western Yemeni Islamists of the Army of Aden-Abyan, whose militants have been arrested by the Yemenite authorities in connection with the attack. Such an attack required long preparations, technical and military skills and good operational intelligence. In addition, the explosive used in the attack was sophisticated, a "shaped charge" like a torpedo or a missile, a device not in use by terrorist organizations, and which may have come from a military stockpile." 4 DAYS BEFORE SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 Saddam's Stepson in USA "Authorities said Saffi" (Saddam's Stepson), " triggered red flags for four reasons: the family relationship to the Iraqi dictator; training at an American flight school; arrival on the eve of the Independence Day celebrations; and his only documented prior entry into the United States occurred just four days before the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks." "Saddam's Stepson to Be Deported Fri Jul 5th 2002 (Saffi) was planning to study at a flight school believed by the FBI to have been used by one of the Sept. 11 hijackers." "US officials state that an FBI investigation had substantiated charges that the Iraqi government plotted the assassination of former President Bush while visiting Kuwait in April 1993." "Terrorist Pilot Met With Iraqi Intelligence Agent By RICK JERVIS Special to The Wall Street Journal Europe Wall Street Journal, Europe October 4, 2001 [With thanks to Laurie Mylroie - Iraq News] PRAGUE-Mohamed Atta, who allegedly crashed the first plane into the World Trade Center on Sept. 11, met at least one Iraqi intelligence agent last year in Prague before moving to the U.S., a Czech official close to the investigation said." United Airlines Flight 175 which left Boston's Logan Airport bound for Los Angeles before being piloted into the South Tower of the World Trade Center. UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY 15 December 1988 43/175. Question of Palestine RECORDED VOTE ON RESOLUTION 43/175 A: 123-2-20 Did Anniversary Assassins Strike Again November 22nd 2004 What do you think the chances are that the plane crash which would have killed the 41st President of the United States, George Herbert Walker Bush,had he been on board the plane which was enroute from Love Field in Dallas, Texas to pick him up, on the 41st anniversary of the assassination of JFK 11/22/1963 was a botched assassination attempt? Saddam Hussein, who may be running the show from his jail cell, assassinated his first victim when he was 11 years old, took power in Iraq in 1968, made it official 11 years later in 1979, invaded Kuwait 11 years later in 1990 sent bin Laden to assassinate former President Bush 11 years later on 9/11/2001 on the 11th anniversary to the day of the 9/11/1990 Bush speech to Congress on Iraq in which Bush mentioned The New World Order."US plans to dominate the world under the cover of what is called the new [world] order. These are the fruits of the new US order. [Video of explosion rocking World Trade Center] [Description of Source: Baghdad Republic of Iraq Television in Arabic-Official television station of the Iraqi Government." The World Trade Center looked so much like the number 11 that WPIX-TV Channel 11 in New York City used the World Trade Center as its logo. Note 11 times 2 equals 22. The Madrid attacks were done exactly 911 days after 9/11/2001. Sadat, criticized by arafat and Saddam for making peace with Israel, was assassinated on 10/6/1981 exactly 8 years after the 10/6/1973 Yom Kippur War in which he failed to defeat Israel. The American Embassies in Africa were hit on August 8th, 1998, exactly 8 years after the US entered Saudi Arabia in response to Saddam's invasion of Kuwait. A gentlemanly John Connally reaches to remove his hat as Jackie Kennedy enters presidential limousine at Love Field, Dallas, November 22, 1963 Source: http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/images/jbc-love.htm The shocking news that narco-terrorists in Colombia plotted to assassinate current President George W. Bush on Monday November 22nd, 2004, the 41st anniversary of the JFK assassination, needs some examination. BCCI, the infamous drug-terror-arms bank that allegedly gave former President Jimmy Carter $10 million for the Carter Library,had offices in Peru, where coca leaves are grown, in Colombia, where the coca leaves are processed into cocaine, and in Castro's Cuba, and Baathist Syria and Baathist Iraq. Banks did not get offices in any of those 3 tyrannies without the approval of the tyrant. "Colombian Rebels Planned to Kill President Bush November 27th, 2004 U.S. National - Reuters By Hugh Bronstein BOGOTA, Colombia (Reuters) - President Bush was targeted for assassination by Colombia's biggest Marxist rebel group this week when he visited the Caribbean port city of Cartagena, a top Colombian official said on Saturday. "According to informants and various sources, we had information indicating that various members of the FARC had been instructed by their leaders to make an attempt against President Bush," Defense Secretary Jorge Alberto Uribe told reporters. He would not be drawn out on the details of the threat. The White House had no immediate comment. The U.S. Secret Service, which protects the president, said it "does not comment or release information regarding our protective intelligence and protective methods." "We do not discuss any alleged threats to our protectees," said Jonathan Cherry, a Secret Service spokesman. There was heavy security in Cartagena when Bush visited the city on Monday(November 22nd, 2004)on his way back from the APEC forum in Chile. Military helicopters packed with armed soldiers flew over Bush's motorcade while naval vessels kept watch offshore. Many shops were shuttered." Source: http://news.yahoo.com/news? tmpl=story&u=/nm/20041127/us_nm/colombia_bush_plot_dc_5 "In early August, 1991, the Committee was provided with documents from the Latin American and Caribbean Region Office (LACRO) of BCCI, describing the offer for sale by the Argentine air force of 22 Mirage aircraft for $110 million. (63) The planned sale was to have been made to Iraq, as part of Saddam Hussein's massive military buildup prior to the Gulf war. BCCI was acting as the broker for the transaction, which was to take place in August or September of 1989...As Robert Mazur, the Customs agent in Tampa who selected BCCI as the target of the Customs money laundering sting testified, BCCI bank executives volunteered methods to enhance and improve his techniques for money laundering, and shortly before the sting ended the operation, offered to introduce Mazur to other potential "cash" customers for money laundering services from Bogota, Colombia...." Source: http://www.fas.org/irp/congress/1992_rpt/bcci/04crime.htm "The Ba'ath leadership gave the orders for Qasim's assassination...On October 7th,1959, a six-,man assassination squad was waiting...the night before one member of the squad had fallen ill. A new recruit was drafted in...his full name was Saddam Hussein al-Takriti." Page 22 "The Ba'athist led forces...participated in the coup of 8th February 1963...Immediately after the coup, Saddam Hussein returned to Iraq, where he was appointed as the head of Al-Jihaz Al Khas, known popularly as Jihaz Haneen (the Yearning Apparatus), the clandestine intelligence organization of the Ba'ath Party. Saddam proceeded to turn it into an instrument of terror....on 18th November (1963) the army seized power in a swift military coup...the new leadership of the Ba'ath Party...was arrested. However, some of its members immediately collaborated with the new regime..." Pgs 25-26 "7th October 1959 A Ba'athist assassination squad fails to kill Qasim. A member of the team, twenty-two-year old Saddam Hussein, escapes to Syria and then to Egypt...8th February 1963 A Ba'athist coup overthrows Quasim amidst several days of terrible street fighting...18th November 1963 Following bitter infighting between...factions of the Baath, Arif overthrows the Ba'athist regime..." Pages 312-313 "Saddam...inherited from his uncle an admiration for Nazi principles...he was attracted to the ideas of the Ba'ath nationalist movement. The movement had been established in Damascus in 1943" (when Syria was a French colony and Hitler ruled France) "by two Syrians, Greek Orthodox Christian Michel A'flaq and Sunni Muslim Salah al-Bitar. Their philosophy was based on the ideology of German national socialism" (Nazism) "and on Italian fascism." Page 199 "After the Ba'ath Party came to power in February 1963...Saddam was promoted into the Regional Command Council and it was soon found that this was his metier. He was put in charge of a special force responsible for terror and assassination and was an interrogator and torturer in the Qasr al-Nihayyat (`The Palace of the End'). Eyewitnesses say Saddam excelled in creating new methods and revealed a sadistically inventive mind. He designed new instruments of torture and then experimentd with them on his victims. ...By the summer of 1963, Saddam was urging the party to put him in charge of creating a special security apparatus modelled on the Nazi SS. This was the Jihaz Haneen....following nationalisation of banks and certain foreign companies in 1964, the Ba'ath Party instructed Saddam to assassinate the president Abd al-Salam Arif. The proposed assassination was designed to trigger off another Ba'ath coup. Critics say it was a plan on behalf of the CIA but according to some Ba'athist defectors the CIA did not have direct contact with the Ba'ath itself but with army officers who were co-ordinating a joint coup with the party. The main contact with the Americans was Iraq's own ambassador in Washington, Dr. Nasser al-Hanni." Pages 201-203 "The second part of the plot was carried out by the Jihaz Haneen...Members of the Iraqi Jewish community...were...arrested. Eleven of them were among the first fourteen `spies' to be pubicly hanged on 27th January 1969....The public hangings turned into a national holiday with live television and radio coverage, and the Ba'ath Party organized the transport of some hundred thousand `workers and peasants' from outside Baghdad to join in...Families picknicked under trees while watching the hangings. This public orgy of death went on for twenty-four hours..." Page 206 Source: Unholy Babylon-The Secret History of Saddam's War by Adel Darwish and Gregory Alexander St. Martin's Press, New York 1991 ISBN 0-312-06530-2 "Compare the January 1969 show trial with another spectacle organized by the first Ba'thi regime in 1963 and designed to counter the continuing popularity of the ousted president, `Abd al-Karim Qassem, among certain sectors of the Shi'ite population of Baghdad. In the first week of the coup, the citizens of al-Thawra, a suburb of Baghdad, had fought the army and Ba'thist militia in some of the bloodiest street battles in the history of the country. They refused to believe that Qassem had been overthrown....The Ba'ath...dealt with this emotive imagery by televising a lengthy film clip displaying Qassem's bullet-ridden corpse. Night after night, they made their gruesome point. The body was propped up on a chair in the studio. A soldier saunter around, handling its parts. The camera would cut to scenes of devastation at the Ministry of Defence where Qassem had made his last stand. There, on location, it lingered on the mutilated corpses of Qassem's entourage...Back to the studio, and close-ups now of the entry and exit points of each bullet hole. The whole macabre sequence closes with a scene that must forever remain etched on the memory of all those who saw it: the soldier grabbing the lolling head by the hair, came right up close, and spat full face into it. The fear that the Ba'th were trying to instill in this and other instances was brutally direct. The centuries-old message was simple: he is dead, you had better believe it, we can do the smae to you. The fact that it was on television extended its reach..." Pages 58-59. Source: Republic of Fear The Inside Story of Saddam's Iraq by Samir al Khalil Pantheon Books, New York 1989 ISBN 0-679-73502-X "An Afghani tends to a field of heroin poppies, the sale of which provides much of the financing for the Taliban and Osama bin Laden. Afghanistan is the world's No. 1 producer and distributor of heroin, and illicit drug trafficking is the biggest funding source for By Rachel Ehrenfeld / Special to The Detroit News About the author Rachel Ehrenfeld is director of the New York-based Center for the Study of Corruption and the author of "Evil Money" (HarperBusiness) and "Narco-Terrorism" (Basic Books). Moving the money... In the welter of events following the bombing of the World Trade Center in Feb. 26, 1993, few noticed that the first man arrested, Mohammed Salameh—the poor, unemployed illegal immigrant— offered $5 million for bail. Where could he get this kind of money? The judge refused bail. But was the source of Salameh's offer the same as the one that funded the eight men—arrested shortly afterward—who planned to blow up Manhattan's tunnels and bridges and to assassinate public officials? Were the same money sources behind the final attack on the World Trade Center on Sept. 11? ... For a long time, there has been evidence that terrorist, international drug trafficking and criminal organizations use the same fund-raising methods to enrich themselves. Yet no one seemed to connect the dots. And no one seriously tried to crack down on their financing. Bin Laden's is only one among many hostile international criminal organizations, often state-sponsored, that will do whatever they can to diminish the status of the United States as the only superpower. According to a State Department report, the Taliban, who are at bin Laden's service, has the advantage of controlling the world's largest heroin production and distribution in the world. Since the Taliban took over Afghanistan, the heroin production soared to hundreds of tons each year. In 1999 alone, the world production of heroin was estimated at 500 metric tons; 400 were produced by the Taliban and available to fund bin Laden and his associates worldwide. First warning The writing was on the wall on July 5, 1991, when the Bank of England shut down what was the most important Islamic bank in the world, the Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI). This criminal entity was created by the Pakistani Aaga Hassan Abedi "to fight the evil influence of the West"; to help with the creation of the "Islamic Bomb"; to finance all Muslim terrorist organizations; and to launder the money that was generated mostly by illicit drug trafficking and other illegal activities, including arms trafficking. When BCCI went belly up, we learned from thousands of documents that Abu Nidal—the notorious Palestinian terrorist organization that now enjoys the hospitality of Iraq's Saddam Hussein, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), Hezbollah and bin Laden—had accounts in the bank. By the end of the 1980s, the "special services" provided by BCCI included access to Western humanitarian and international development funds, as well as drug money laundering, secret transfers of cash and bribes. A "Black Network," a special enforcement unit supported by Abu Nidal and other terrorist organizations, operated from Pakistan. The same Pakistan that harbored bin Laden for many years while its officials told the United States that they didn't know his whereabouts. And the same Pakistan that for decades, even according to the State Department's annual report, had been a major drug trafficking and money laundering center. Western blindness Yet, now more importantly, we also discovered that the American and British governments knew and kept the bank open for a long time. The bank "that would bribe God" was able to get away with its criminal activities for decades due to Abedi's clever portrayal of the Muslim nations as victims of Western—and particularly U.S.— "imperialism." And when the bank was shuttered, the accusation in the Muslim/Arab and Third World countries was that the U.S. and the United Kingdom governments closed the bank to curtail the growing fiscal power of Muslim countries. Like Abedi, anti-American, anti-Western terrorist and radical Muslim states and organizations, such as the Taliban, Al Qaeda, Hamas, Hezbollah, the PLO, Iraq and Iran, use Western democratic rhetoric to their advantage. But it is the willful blindness, mainly toward the growing volume of drug money laundering, exercised by Western bankers on the one hand and Western politicians on the other, that makes money laundering possible, despite the many laws and international conventions to control this phenomenon. The BCCI was the first warning to the West. The second warning about the abuse of European and American financial markets by terrorist organizations, as well as their involvement in the illicit arms and drug trade, was made in February 1994 by the British National Criminal Intelligence Service (NCIS). The Organized Crime Unit of the NCIS warned that Middle East terrorist groups and states were targeting the financial centers of London, Frankfurt and other Western countries, and that they favor illegal drug trafficking, money laundering and fraud.... Clinton appeasement Despite its stated policy of not negotiating with terrorists, the Clinton administration went out of its way to appease a few of the 20th century's most notorious terror groups: the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), the PLO and the Irish Republican Army. All are heavily involved in the drug trade. On the eve of the 1993 handshake on the White House lawn between Israeli Prime Minister Yitzak Rabin and PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat, Britain's National Criminal Intelligence Service estimated the PLO's ill-gotten gains to total between $8 billion to $10 billion, with an annual income of about $1.5 billion to $2 billion from "donations, extortion, payoffs, illegal arms dealing, drug trafficking, money laundering, fraud, etc." Since then, Washington has only aided and abetted the PLO. Since the start of the Oslo process, Arafat has received at least $3 billion more from the United States and the international community, without any serious demand for accountability, according to a report this year to Congress. Arafat, in well-documented instances, has been systematically skimming off portions of these funds, as he has with monies given to him on behalf of the refugees in the camps. The PLO was in the drug trafficking business almost from the beginning. Operating from Lebanon, under Habash's able leadership and assisted by a PLO-owned shipping company SUMUD, the organization exported hashish, opium, heroin and cocaine, first to Europe and later even to the United States and Australia. In return, it obtained weapons for their war against Israel and the West, and amassed a massive treasure trove. In addition, the PLO and Arafat, who enjoy the financial and strategic support of Hussein and bin Laden, have the distinction of being the organization that promoted "suicide bombers" as a weapon. Yet the Clinton administration subsidized a multitude of radical Palestinian groups, ranging from Arafat's Fatah branch of the PLO and its military wing, the Tanzim, to the socialist-nationalist Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), headed by George Habash, all with close ties to bin Laden, Iraq and Iran. ...It was the Clinton White House that, despite evidence to the contrary, removed Syria from its list of the drug trafficking countries, to entice Syria to join the "peace process" in the Middle East. The failure of that process and the compromises the United States has made to maintain an illusion of peaceful prospects had no doubt added to the Muslim radical terrorists' resolve to attack what they see as a naive and vulnerable America. In another example of self-delusion, in 1999, then Secretary of State Madeleine Albright suggested a U.S.-led coalition to negotiate with the FARC and supported Colombia President Pastrana's "land for peace" initiative, despite a report from the General Accounting Office that the FARC is running a major international criminal enterprise that, among other things, supplies hundreds of tons of cocaine and heroin to the U.S. black market. This second Clinton "land for peace" initiative gave half of Colombia to the narco-terrorist FARC, while doing nothing to diminish its violence or appetite to control the rest of the country...." Source: http://www.detnews.com/2001/editorial/0109/30/a17-306400.htm Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon called the Palestinian Authority a "gang of corrupt assassins and terrorists." "There is an obstacle [to peace] with the gang of corrupt assassins and terrorists that lead the Palestinian Authority," Sharon said in a televised speech in Israel. "The only way to peace is to remove this murderous posse." – Source: New York Daily News - http://www.nydailynews.com Sharon raps Arafat `assassins' By KENNETH R. BAZINET DAILY NEWS WASHINGTON BUREAU Thursday, August 8th, 2002 "Bush back from surprise Iraq trip President Bush has arrived back in the United States after a surprise trip to Baghdad, where he spent two hours with US troops celebrating Thanksgiving Day. Mr. Bush told troops the US would not be swayed by ongoing attacks in Iraq. "We did not charge hundreds of miles into the heart of Iraq, pay a bitter cost of casualties, defeat a ruthless dictator and liberate 25 million people only to retreat before a band of thugs and assassins," he told 600 US soldiers. Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3245584.stm "President Bush and his wife, Laura, along with former president George H. W. Bush, welcome the King and Queen of Spain, Juan and Sofia Carlos, to their ranch Wednesday, Nov. 24, 2004, in Crawford, Texas.(AP Photo/Lawrence Jackson)" Source: http://story.news.yahoo.com/news? tmpl=story&u=/041124/480/txlj10111241820 A small jet chartered to fly former President Bush to Ecuador Monday,November 22nd, 2004 was well below normal altitude when it clipped a toll road light tower and crashed into a muddy field three miles south of Hobby Airport, killing the crew of three.The plane, which belonged to Jet Place Inc. of Tulsa, Okla., came from Love Field in Dallas. It was approaching the runway when the wing and the landing gear on the right side clipped the pole on a tollway road....." "Weeks after the last pile of debris from EgyptAir Flight 990 was pulled from the sea, investigators say they are more convinced than ever of their original theory: The jet was crashed deliberately." http://abcnews.go.com/sections/us/DailyNews/egyptair000121.html "The co-pilot under scrutiny in the crash of EgyptAir Flight 990 uttered an Arabic prayer not once but as many as 10 times just before the doomed airliner went down" http://abcnews.go.com/sections/us/DailyNews/egyptair991121.html "Aviation Analyst John Nance Talks About Flight 990 When a commercial aircraft goes into a dive as steep and precipitous as the preliminary radar data seems to indicate." http://abcnews.go.com/sections/us/DailyNews/chat_johnnance110199.html "The White House is bordered on three sides by buildings that are as tall or taller than itself. (OEOB, Treasury, and Blair House.) Beyond these buildings there are still more buildings, that also are taller than the White House. The only flight path that is relatively unobstructed if making a controlled, straight-in approach, is from the south, over the ellipse. Even the Marine helicopter the president uses comes in from this direction and lands on the South Lawn. The problem with flying a plane the size of a 757 or 767 in from this direction is that there's a 555 ft tall structure in the way called the Washington Monument. The Capitol, although a bigger target, is similarly situated. There are buildings on all sides except for the west side, which faces the Mall. Again, for a controlled, straight-in approach, a pilot first would need to avoid the Washington Monument, and then fly straight down the Mall. There is more room to do this, but again, it would take considerable skill. Moreover, the buildings in Roslyn, just across the river from and to the west of the Mall, would have to be cleared, which means the plane's altitude would probably be too high, or the angle of descent too steep to permit a successful attack by anyone other than a skilled, experienced pilot." Imagine the rage and fury of Saddam Hussein "On February 26th, 1982 the Reagan Administration told Congress that it had dropped Iraq from the list of nations that supported acts of international terrorism. Baghdad would now be eligible for American government loan guarantees." source: SPIDER'S WEB: THE SECRET HISTORY OF HOW THE WHITE HOUSE ILLEGALLY ARMED IRAQ by Alan Friedman ASIN: 0553096508 Imagine Saddam's rage and fury when Kuwait was liberated on February 26th, 1991, 9 years to the day after the event described above! Is it any wonder that Saddam would launch the first of his 2 attacks on the World Trade Center on February 26th, 1993, the 2nd anniversary of the liberation of Kuwait City, and the 11th anniversary of the event described above, and that he would launch his 2nd attack on the World Trade Center on September 11th, 2001, the 11th anniversary of the Bush I speech to Congress on Iraq. Saddam loves 11th anniversaries, for instance " Saddam Hussein's speech on the 11th Anniversary of the Great Victory Day In the Name of God, Most Compassionate, Most Merciful Great People, The Valiant of Our Brave Armed Forces, Sons of our Glorious Arab Nation…" http://www.index.com.jo/iraqtoday/auguste.html Saddam took credit for the September 11th attacks on America on Baghdad Republic of Iraq Television. Saddam sent his henchman Osama bin Laden to attack America and to assassinate former President Bush, who was at the White House on the morning of September 11th, 2001,just as he had tried to assassinate former President Bush in Kuwait in 1993. That is why Flight 93 was selected to hit the White House on the morning of September 11th, 2001. Fortunately the heroes of Flight 93 stopped that from happening and the plane went down in Pennsylvania. Second Attempt to Assassinate President Bush. We all know that Saddam Hussein attempted to assassinate former President Bush in Kuwait in 1993. Laura Bush, wife of the current President Bush, along with the current President Bush's brothers, his parents, and former Secretary of State Baker were actually in the air enroute to Kuwait when the intelligence came in and their plane was turned back. Then President Clinton later bombed an empty Iraqi intelligence building in retaliation for that attempt in which Saddam's homicide bombers were caught in Kuwait. We believe that the Second Attempt to assassinate former President George Herbert Walker Bush was made by Saddam Hussein using his henchman Osama bin Laden on September 11th, 2001. September 11th, 1990 Dubya's Dad Speaks to Congress on Iraq When September 11th Yes ! September 11th 1990. Exactly 11 years to the day before the infamous September 11th 2001 attacks on America. Saddam's Revenge !!! How clear it is!!! "Address Before a Joint Session of the Congress on the Persian Gulf Crisis and the Federal Budget Deficit September 11, 1990. We gather tonight, witness to events in the Persian Gulf as significant as they are tragic. In the early morning hours of August 2d, following negotiations and promises by Iraq's dictator Saddam Hussein not to use force, a powerful Iraqi army invaded its trusting and much weaker neighbor, Kuwait. *** The crisis in the Persian Gulf, as grave as it is, also offers a rare opportunity to move toward an historic period of cooperation. Out of these troubled times, our fifth objective-a new world order-can emerge. ***" READ THE WHOLE OF DUBYA'S DADDY'S SPEECH TO CONGRESS ON SEPTEMBER 11TH, 1990 AT http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/ "Note: The President spoke at 9:09 p.m.in the House Chamber at the Capitol.. The address was broadcast live on nationwide television and radio." http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/ Iraq Cheers September 11th Attacks on America "Wednesday, September 12, 2001 Baghdad TV Commentary: US `Reaping Fruits of Crimes Against Humanity' Baghdad Republic of Iraq Television in Arabic 1700 GMT 11 Sep 01 [TV Commentary by Sa'd Yasin Yusuf read by announcer over footage of explosions in New York] [FBIS Translated Text] [With thanks to Laurie Mylorie - Iraq Watch] The American cowboy is reaping the fruits of his crimes against humanity. It is a black day in the history of America, which is tasting the bitter defeat of its crimes and disregard for peoples' will to lead a free, decent life. The massive explosions in the centers of power in America, notably the Pentagon, is a painful slap in the face of US politicians to stop their illegitimate hegemony and attempts to impose custodianship on peoples. It was no coincidence that the World Trade Center was destroyed in suicidal operations involving two planes that have broken through all US security barriers to carry the operation of the century and to express rejection of the reckless US policy. Panic has spread among US official circles, which evacuated the White House following a series of explosions. They also evacuated the Pentagon, the State Department, and Congress and closed down the airports and government institutions. The collapse of US centers of power is a collapse of the US policy, which deviates from human values and stands by world Zionism at all international forums to continue to slaughter the Palestinian Arab people and implement US plans to dominate the world under the cover of what is called the new [world] order. These are the fruits of the new US order. [Video of explosion rocking World Trade Center] [Description of Source: Baghdad Republic of Iraq Television in Arabic-Official television station of the Iraqi Government]" http://www.imra.org.il/story.php3 "BLITZER: That's Osama bin Laden's group. Now you also have some new information, David, about Mohamed Atta. He's the suspected ringleader of the September 11th hijackings. ENSOR: Well, that's right. As you know, he was one of the suicide hijackers who died on September 11th on one of those aircraft. And we had previously reported on September 19th that he met with an Iraqi intelligence official somewhere in Europe. Well, I'm now able to tell you, based on information from U.S. sources, he met not once but twice with Iraqi intelligence officers in Prague in the Czech Republic: once last year in June of 2000 and once in April of 2001." http://www.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0110/10/lkl.00.html Aired 9/11/2001 "Baghdad Republic of Iraq TV: These are the fruits of the new US order.[Video of explosion rocking World Trade Center]Panic has spread among US official circles, which evacuated the White House following a series of explosions." "CNN LARRY KING LIVE Aired October 2, 2001 LARRY KING: Have you spoken to your father- in-law? (George Herbert Walker Bush) LAURA BUSH: I've spoken to my father-in-law. They were-they had actually spent that Monday night here.(at the White House) I had just seen them off that morning (9/11/2001) when I got in the car and found out about the first plane.(going into the World Trade Center.)" http://www.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0110/02/lkl.00.html "Senator Joseph Lieberman: (Saddam) tried to kill former President Bush (in 1993)" http://cnnstudentnews.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0401/25/le.00.html Former President Bush Speech to Congress September 11th 1990. 11 years to the day before September 11th 2001 "In the early morning hours of August 2d,(1990),a powerful Iraqi army invaded Kuwait.The crisis in the Persian Gulf also offers a rare opportunity to move toward an historic period of cooperation. Out of these troubled times, our fifth objective-a new world order-can emerge." http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/ "(White House Press Secretary Ari Fleischer: we have real and credible information that the airplane that landed at the Pentagon was originally intended to hit the White House." http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010912- 8.html#intended-targets "White House Was Flight 93 Target http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/05/20/attack/main509535.shtml A high-ranking al Qaeda detainee told investigators the intended target of United Airlines Flight 93, which crashed into a Pennsylvania field on Sept. 11, was the White House. Government sources said Abu Zubaydah, now in U.S. custody, believed to be the source of the information." "Moussaoui Says He Was to Hijack 5th Plane By MATTHEW BARAKAT, Associated Press Writer (Monday March 27, 2006) Al-Qaida conspirator Zacarias Moussaoui testified Monday that he and would-be shoe bomber Richard Reid were supposed to hijack a fifth airplane on Sept. 11, 2001, and fly it into the White House. Moussaoui's testimony on his own behalf stunned the courtroom. His account was in stark contrast to his previous statements in which he said the White House attack was to come later if the United States refused to release a radical Egyptian sheik imprisoned on earlier terrorist convictions. On Dec. 22, 2001, Reid was subdued by passengers when he attempted to detonate a bomb in his shoe aboard American Airlines Flight 63 from Paris to Miami. There were 197 people on board. The plane was diverted to Boston, where it landed safely. Moussaoui told the court he knew the World Trade Center attack was coming and that he lied to investigators when arrested in August 2001 because he wanted it to happen. "You lied because you wanted to conceal that you were a member of al- Qaida?" prosecutor Rob Spencer asked. "That's correct," Moussaoui said. Spencer: "You lied so the plan could go forward?" Moussaoui: "That's correct." The exchange was key to the government's case that the attacks might have been averted if Moussaoui had been more cooperative following his arrest. Moussaoui told the court he knew the attacks were coming some time after August 2001 and bought a radio so he could hear them unfold. Specifically, he said he knew the World Trade Center was going to be attacked, but asserted he was not part of that plot and didn't know the details. Nineteen men pulled off the Sept. 11 attacks on New York in Washington in the worst act of terrorism ever on U.S. soil. "I had knowledge that the Twin Towers would be hit," Moussaoui said. "I didn't know the details of this." Asked by his lawyer why he signed his guilty plea in April as "the 20th hijacker," Moussaoui replied: "Because everybody used to refer to me as the 20th hijacker and it was a bit of fun." Before Moussaoui took the stand, his lawyers made a last attempt to stop him from testifying, but failed. Defense attorney Gerald Zerkin argued that his client would not be a competent witness because he has contempt for the court, only recognizes Islamic law and therefore "the affirmation he undertakes would be meaningless." Moussaoui at first denied he was to have been a fifth hijack pilot Sept. 11 but under cross examination spoke of the plan that would have him attack the White House. He said Reid was the only person he knew for sure would have been on that mission, but others were discussed. The 19 terrorists on Sept. 11 hijacked and crashed four airliners, killing nearly 3,000 people in the World Trade Center, the Pentagon and on the planes. The intended target of the plane that crashed into a Pennsylvania field remains unknown. Moussaoui said he talked with an al-Qaida official in 1999 about why a 1993 bombing at the World Trade Center failed to bring the towers down. He said "was asked in the same period for the first time if I want to be a suicide pilot and I declined." Just before Moussaoui took the stand, the court heard testimony that two months before the attacks that a CIA deputy chief waited in vain for permission to tell the FBI about a "very high interest" al-Qaida operative who became one of the hijackers. The official, a senior figure in the CIA's Osama bin Laden unit, said he sought authorization on July 13, 2001, to send information to the FBI but got no response for 10 days, then asked again. As it turned out, the information on Khalid al-Mihdhar did not reach the FBI until late August. At the time, CIA officers needed permission from a special unit before passing certain intelligence on to the FBI. The official was identified only as John. His written testimony was read into the record. "John's" testimony was part of the defense's case that federal authorities missed multiple opportunities to catch hijackers and perhaps thwart the 9/11 plot. His testimony included an e-mail sent by FBI supervisor Michael Maltbie discussing Moussaoui but playing down his terrorist connections. Maltbie's e-mail said "there's no indication that (Moussaoui) had plans for any nefarious activity." He sent that e-mail to the CIA even after receiving a lengthy memo from the FBI agent who arrested Moussaoui and suspected him of being a terrorist with plans to hijack aircraft. Prosecutors argue that Moussaoui, a French citizen, thwarted a prime opportunity to track down the 9/11 hijackers and possibly unravel the plot when he was arrested in August 2001 on immigration violations and lied to the FBI about his al-Qaida membership and plans to hijack a plane. Had Moussaoui confessed, the FBI could have pursued leads that would have led them to most of the hijackers, government witnesses have testified. To win the death penalty, prosecutors must first prove that Moussaoui's actions — specifically, his lies — were directly responsible for at least one death on Sept. 11. If they fail, Moussaoui would get life in prison. ___ Associated Press Writer Michael J. Sniffen contributed to this report source: http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060327/ap_on_re_us/moussaoui_14&printer= 1;_ylt=Ags6isPJuz93w2EYYRP9gnVH2ocA;_ylu=X3oDMTA3MXN1bHE0BHNlYwN0bWE-

Wouldn't you rather be suspicious and wrong than complacent and wrong? I know, I know, only tin-foil-hat types could harbor suspicions that our political class is capable of "malfeasance"... Senator Max Cleland - Former member of the 9/11 Commission, resigned in December 2003: "I, as a member of the [9/11] Commission, cannot look any American in the eye... It is a national scandal... this White House wants to cover [9/11] up." Senator Mark Dayton - Member, Senate Committee on Armed Services and Homeland Security: "[NORAD] lied to the American people, they lied to Congress and they lied to your 9/11 Commission.. .the most gross incompetence and dereliction of responsibility and negligence" Congressman Ron Paul - Vice Chairman of the Oversight and Investigations subcommittee: “The [9/11] investigations that have been done so far are more or less cover-up and no real explanation" Congressman Curt Weldon: "[9/11 Commission] there's something very sinister going on here... something desperately wrong... This involved what is right now the covering up of information that led to the deaths of 3,000 people" Congresswoman Cynthia McKinney - Member of the House Armed Services Committee: “The [9/11] Commission ran up against obstruction by the administration and non-cooperation from government agencies... the errors and omissions immediately jumped out at us" Director of the FBI, Louis Freeh: "[9/11 Commission findings] raise serious challenges to the commission's credibility and, if the facts prove out, might just render the commission historically insignificant itself" Former Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury, Paul Craig Roberts, PhD: "Distinguished national and international scientists and scholars present massive evidence that the 9/11 Commission Report is a hoax and that the 9/11 "terrorist attack" has been manipulated to serve a hegemonic agenda in the Middle East... We know that it is strictly impossible for any building, much less steel columned buildings, to "pancake" at free fall speed. Therefore, it is a non-controversial fact that the official explanation of the collapse of the WTC buildings is false" Assistant Secretary of Housing, Catherine Austin Fitts: "The official story could not possibly have happened... It’s not possible. It’s not operationally feasible... The Commission was a whitewash." U.S. Army Intelligence officer, Federal Prosecutor, Office of Special Investigations, U.S. Department of Justice, John Loftus: "The information provided by European intelligence services prior to 9/11 was so extensive that it is no longer possible for either the CIA or FBI to assert a defense of incompetence" Foreign Service Officer, George Kenney: "I cannot believe, much as I might like to, the standard account of 9/11" Foreign Service Officer, J. Michael Springman: "Fifteen of the nineteen people who allegedly flew airplanes into buildings in the United States got their visas from the same CIA Consulate at Jeddah" Deputy Attorney General, State of Pennsylvania, Philip J. Berg, Esquire: "The official story of what actually took place on 9/11 is a lie. " Major General U.S. Army, Commanding General of U.S. Army Intelligence and Security Command, Albert Stubblebine [his specialty – analyzing satellite photos]: "I look at the hole in the Pentagon and I look at the size of an airplane that was supposed to have hit the Pentagon. And I said, ‘The plane does not fit in that hole. So what did hit the Pentagon?’” Col. Ronald D. Ray, U.S. Marine Corps, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense, Deputy Director of Field Operations for the U.S. Marine Corps Historical Center: "I'm astounded that the conspiracy theory advanced by the administration could in fact be true and the evidence does not seem to suggest that's accurate." Col. Robert Bowman, U.S. Air Force, Director of Advanced Space Programs, PhD Aeronautics and Nuclear Engineering: "The official 9/11 story is impossible .. There is a cover up... high levels of our government don't want us to know what happened... highly placed individuals in the administration. ..Dick Cheney...the very kindest thing we can say about George W Bush...is high treason and conspiracy to commit murder." Col. George Nelson, U.S. Air Force, aircraft accident investigator: "I never witnessed nor even heard of an aircraft loss, where the wreckage was accessible, that prevented investigators from finding enough hard evidence to positively identify the make, model, and specific registration number of the aircraft -- and in most cases the precise cause of the accident... The government alleges that four wide-body airliners crashed on the morning of September 11 2001, resulting in the deaths of more than 3,000 human beings, yet not one piece of hard aircraft evidence has been produced in an attempt to positively identify any of the four aircraft. On the contrary, it seems only that all potential evidence was deliberately kept hidden from view .. with all the evidence readilty available at the pentagon crash site, any unbiased rational investigator could only conclude that a Boeing 757 did not fly into the Pentagon as alleged. Similarly, with all the evidence available at the Pennsylvania crash site, it was most doubtful that a passenger airliner caused the obvious hole in the ground and certainly not the Boeing 757 as alleged .. the most heinous conspiracy in outr country's history." Major Douglas Rokke, PhD, U.S. Army: [Regarding the impact at the Pentagon on 9/11/2001] "When you look at the damage, it was obviously a missile." Capt. Russ Wittenberg, U.S. Air Force, fighter pilot, commercial pilot flying 707, 720, 727, 737, 747, 757, 767, and 777s. Had previously flown Flight 93, which impacted in Pennsylvania, and Flight 175, the second plane to hit the WTC: "The government story they handed us about 9/11 is total B.S. plain and simple...[Regarding Flight 77]"The airplane could not have flown at those speeds which they said it did without going into what they call a high speed stall. The airplane won't go that fast if you start pulling those high G maneuvers at those bank angles... The vehicle that hit the Pentagon was not Flight 77" Lt. Col. Karen U. Kwiatkowski, PhD, U.S. Air Force, Office of the Secretary of Defense, staff of the Director of the National Security Agency: "It is as a scientist that I have the most trouble with the official government conspiracy theory, mainly because it does not satisfy the rules of probability or physics. The collapses of the World Trade Center buildings clearly violate the laws of probability and physics...There was a dearth of visible debris on the relatively unmarked Pentagon, where I stood only minutes after the impact. Beyond this strange absence of airliner debris, there was no sign of the kind of damage one would expect from the impact of a large airliner... this visible evidence or lack thereof may also have been apparent to the Sec of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, who in an unfortunate slip of the tongue referred to the aircraft that slammed into the Pentagon as a ' missile ' ... I saw nothing of significance at the point of contact ~ no airplane metal or cargo debris was blowing on the lawn in front of the damaged building as smoke billowed from within the Pentagon .. all of us staring at the Pentagon that morning were indeed looking for such debris, but what we expected was not evident .. the same is true with regard to the damage we expected .. but I did not see this kind of damage. Rather, the facade had a rather small hole, no larger than 20 feet in diameter. Although this facade later collapsed, it remained standing for 30 0r 40 minutes, with the roof remaining relatively straight .. The scene, in short, was not what I would have expected from a strike by a large jetliner. It was, however, exactly what one would have expected if a missile had struck the Pentagon " Senior Military Affairs Journalist at the Naval Postgraduate School, Barbara Honegger, MS: "The US military, not al Qaeda, had the sustained access weeks before 9/11 to also plant controlled demolition charges throughout the superstructures of WTC 1 and WTC 2, and in WTC 7, which brought down all three buildings on 9/11...A US military plane, not one piloted by al Qaeda, performed the highly skilled, high-speed 270-degree dive towards the Pentagon that Air Traffic Controllers on 9/11 were sure was a military plane as they watched it on their screens. Only a military aircraft, not a civilian plane flown by al Qaeda, would have given off the "Friendly" signal needed to disable the Pentagon's anti-aircraft missile batteries as it approached the building...Only the US military, not al Qaeda, had the ability to break all of its Standard Operating Procedures to paralyze its own emergency response system" Capt. Gregory M. Zeigler, PhD, U.S. Army, U.S. Army Intelligence Officer: "I knew from September 18, 2001, that the official story about 9/11 was false. ... [A]nomalies poured in rapidly: the hijackers' names appearing in none of the published flight passenger lists, BBC reports of stolen identities of the alleged hijackers or the alleged hijackers being found alive, the obvious demolitions of WTC 1 and 2...and WTC7...not hit by an airplane...the lack of identifiable Boeing 757 wreckage at the Pentagon" Capt. Eric H. May, U.S. Army, Intelligence officer: "I view the 911 event ...as a matter that implies either...A) passive participation by the Bush White House through a deliberate stand-down or B) active execution of a plot by rogue elements of government, starting with the White House itself, in creating a spectacle of destruction that would lead the United States into an invasion of the Middle East" Former Chairman, National Intelligence Estimates, CIA, responsible for preparing the President’s Daily Brief, U.S. Army Intelligence Officer, Raymond L. McGovern: "I think at simplest terms, there's a cover-up. The 9/11 report is a joke...just as Hitler in 1933 cynically exploited the burning of the parliament building, the Reichstag, this is exactly what our President did in exploiting 9/11...making a war of aggression on a country that he knew had nothing to do with 9/11...that' s certainly an impeachable offense...But compelling evidence for an even more disturbing conclusion: that the 9/11 attacks were themselves orchestrated by this administration precisely so they could be thus exploited." National Intelligence Officer and Director of the CIA's Office of Regional and Political Analysis, William Christison: "There is persuasive evidence that the events of September did not unfold as the Bush administration and the 9/11 Commission would have us believe. An airliner almost certainly did not hit The Pentagon. The North and South Towers of the World Trade Center almost certainly did not collapse and fall to earth because hijacked aircraft hit them...this all was totally an inside job. I have since decided that... at least some elements in this US government had contributed in some way or other to causing 9/11 to happen or at least allowing it to happen... The reason that the two towers in New York actually collapsed and fell all the way to the ground was controlled explosions rather than just being hit by two airplanes. All of the characteristics of these demolitions show that they almost had to have been controlled explosions.. . I think you almost have to look at the 9/11 Commission Report as a joke and not a serious piece of analysis at all... It's a monstrous crime." U.S. Marine Corps intelligence officer, case officer CIA. Robert David Steele: "I am forced to conclude that there is sufficient evidence to indict (not necessarily convict) Dick Cheney, Karl Rove and others...This is, without question, the most important modern reference on state-sponsored terrorism, and also the reference that most pointedly suggests that select rogue elements within the US Government, most likely led by Dick Cheney with the assistance of George Tenet, Buzzy Kronguard, and others close to the Wall Street gangs, are the most guilty of state-sponsored terrorism... I'm absolutely certain that WTC 7 was brought down by controlled demolition and that as far as I'm concerned means that this case has not been properly investigated. There's no way that building could have come down without controlled demolition." CIA Case Officer, Specialist in the Middle East, Directorate of Operations, Awarded Career Intelligence Medal, Robert Baer: [Regarding the opinion there was an aspect of 'inside job' to 9/11 within the U.S. Government], "There is that possibility, the evidence points at it." Counter-terrorism expert in the Security Division of the federal Aviation Administration. Team leader of the FAA's Red (Terrorism) Team in the Federal Air Marshall program, Coast Guard officer, Bogdan Dzakovic: "At worst, I think the 9/11 Commission Report is treasonous." Minister of Justice, West Germany, Horst Ehmke, PhD: "Terrorists could not have carried out such an operation with four hijacked planes without the support of a secret service." State Secretary, Federal Ministry of Defense, West Germany, Andreas von Buelow, PhD: "The official story is so inadequate and far-fetched that there must be another one...This is unthinkable, without years-long support from secret apparatuses of the state and industry." President of Italy, Francesco Cossiga: "[9/11] could not be accomplished without infiltrations in the radar and flight security personnel." General Leonid Ivashov, Chief of Staff, Russian armed forces, Ministry of Defense: "Only secret services and their current chiefs or those retired but still having influence inside the state organizations have the ability to plan, organize and conduct an operation [9/11] of such magnitude... Osama bin Laden and "Al Qaeda" cannot be the organizers nor the performers of the September 11 attacks. They do not have the necessary organization, resources or leaders." Foreign Minister of Egypt, Mohamed Hassanein Heikal: "Bin Laden does not have the capabilities for an operation [9/11] of this magnitude. When I hear Bush talking about al-Qaida as if it was Nazi Germany or the communist party of the Soviet Union, I laugh because I know what is there. Bin Laden has been under surveillance for years: every telephone call was monitored and al-Qaida has been penetrated by American intelligence, Pakistani intelligence, Saudi intelligence, Egyptian intelligence. They could not have kept secret an operation that required such a degree of organisation and sophistication. " Chief of Staff, Pakistani Army, General Mirza Aslam Beg: "The information which is now coming up, goes to prove that involvement by the "rogue elements" of the U.S. military and intelligence organization is getting more obvious. Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda definitely do not have the knowhow and the capability to launch such operations involving such high precision coordination, based on information and expertise." European Parliament, Committee on Security and Defense, Giulietto Chiesa: "Billions of people were given only one explanation. ...which is entirely false....everyone who dares to question it is treated as if he was a fool." French Army Intelligence and artillery officer, Col. Pierre-Henri Bunel, Expert in the effects of artillery weapons and explosives: "Image of the impact on the Pentagon is very instructive as to the nature of the explosion. ... It corresponds to a detonation of an explosive with high energetic power. The explosion does not correspond to a deflagration of kerosene...suggests a single engine flying vehicle much smaller in size than an airliner...resemble s the effects of anti-concrete hollow charges that I have been able to observe on a number of battlefields. ..lead me therefore to think that the detonation that struck the building was that of a high-powered hollow charge used to destroy hardened buildings and carried by an aerial vehicle, a missile." Safety Engineer and accident Analyst, National Safety Technology Authority, Finland, Heikki Kurttila, PhD: "Conclusion: The observed collapse time of WTC 7 was 6.5 seconds. That is only half a second longer than it would have taken for the top of the building to fall to the ground in a vacuum, and half a second shorter than the falling time of an apple when air resistance is taken into account. ... The great speed of the collapse and the low value of the resistance factor strongly suggest controlled demolition." Counter-Terrorism Officer, MI5 (Britain), David Shayler: "The available evidence indicates that people in key positions in the FBI, the State Department, the CIA and so on were not loyal to the Constitution; that they saw an opportunity in plans laid down by genuine Islamic terrorists to carry out an operation that would shock the world and would therefore justify U.S. adventurism in the middle East, particularly in Afghanistan and Iraq." Chairman, 9/11 Commission, Thomas H. Kean, Former Governor of New Jersey: "FAA and NORAD officials advanced an account of 9/11 that was untrue...We, to this day, don't know why NORAD told us what they told us...It was just so far from the truth." Vice Chairman, 9/11 Commission, Lee Hamilton, Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Homeland Security Advisory Council: "We got started late; we had a very short time frame...we did not have enough money...We had a lot of people strongly opposed to what we did. We had a lot of trouble getting access to documents and to people. ... So there were all kinds of reasons we thought we were set up to fail." 9/11 Commissioner, Timothy J. Roemer, PhD, Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence: "That panel members so distrusted testimony from Pentagon officials that they referred their concerns to the Pentagon's inspector general...We were extremely frustrated with the false statements we were getting." Senior Counsel, 9/11 Commission, John J. Farmer, Jr., Former Attorney General, NJ, Former Commissioner of the State Commission of Investigations: [Some staff members and commissioners of the Sept. 11 panel concluded that the Pentagon's initial story of how it reacted to the 2001 terrorist attacks may have been part of a deliberate effort to mislead the commission and the public] - "I was shocked at how different the truth was from the way it was described... The tapes told a radically different story from what had been told to us and the public for two years." "Taxes are not raised to carry on wars, wars are raised to ca

Racism In America (Chapter1 Of my book)? let me know what you think i am going to let yo guys read some of my book Racism In America let me know your thought if i need to make changes i make some changes. Racism In America Written by:Jason Taylor There is surely no nation in the world that holds "racism" in greater horror than does the United States. Compared to other kinds of offenses, it is thought to be somehow more reprehensible. The press and public have become so used to tales of murder, rape, robbery, and arson, that any but the most spectacular crimes are shrugged off as part of the inevitable texture of American life. "Racism" is never shrugged off. For example, when a White Georgetown Law School student reported earlier this year that black students are not as qualified as White students, it set off a booming, national controversy about "racism." If the student had merely murdered someone he would have attracted far less attention and criticism. Racism is, indeed, the national obsession. Universities are on full alert for it, newspapers and politicians denounce it, churches preach against it, America is said to be racked with it, but just what is racism? Dictionaries are not much help in understanding what is meant by the word. They usually define it as the belief that one's own ethnic stock is superior to others, or as the belief that culture and behavior are rooted in race. When Americans speak of racism they mean a great deal more than this. Nevertheless, the dictionary definition of racism is a clue to understanding what Americans do mean. A peculiarly American meaning derives from the current dogma that all ethnic stocks are equal. Despite clear evidence to the contrary, all races have been declared to be equally talented and hard- working, and anyone who questions the dogma is thought to be not merely wrong but evil. The dogma has logical consequences that are profoundly important. If blacks, for example, are equal to Whites in every way, what accounts for their poverty, criminality, and dissipation? Since any theory of racial differences has been outlawed, the only possible explanation for black failure is White racism. And since blacks are markedly poor, crime-prone, and dissipated, America must be racked with pervasive racism. Nothing else could be keeping them in such an abject state. All public discourse on race today is locked into this rigid logic. Any explanation for black failure that does not depend on White wickedness threatens to veer off into the forbidden territory of racial differences. Thus, even if today's Whites can find in their hearts no desire to oppress blacks, yesterday's Whites must have oppressed them. If Whites do not consciously oppress blacks, they must oppress them Unconsciously. If no obviously racist individuals can be identified, then societal institutions must be racist. Or, since blacks are failing so terribly in America, there simply must be millions of White people we do not know about, who are working day and night to keep blacks in misery. The dogma of racial equality leaves no room for an explanation of black failure that is not, in some fashion, an indictment of White people. The logical consequences of this are clear. Since we are required to believe that the only explanation for non-White failure is White racism, every time a non-White is poor, commits a crime, goes on welfare, or takes drugs, White society stands accused of yet another act of racism. All failure or misbehavior by non-Whites is standing proof that White society is riddled with hatred and bigotry. For precisely so long as non-Whites fail to succeed in life at exactly the same level as Whites, Whites will be, by definition, thwarting and oppressing them. This obligatory pattern of thinking leads to strange conclusions. First of all, racism is a sin that is thought to be committed almost exclusively by White people. Indeed, a black congressman from Chicago, Gus Savage, and Coleman Young, the black mayor of Detroit, have argued that only White people can be racist. Likewise, in 1987, the affirmative action officer of the State Insurance Fund of New York issued a company pamphlet in which she explained that all Whites are racist and that only Whites can be racist. How else could the plight of blacks be explained without flirting with the possibility of racial inequality? Although some blacks and liberal Whites concede that non-Whites can, perhaps, be racist, they invariably add that non-Whites have been forced into it as self-defense because of centuries of White oppression. What appears to be non-White racism is so understandable and forgivable that it hardly deserves the name. Thus, whether or not an act is called racism depends on the race of the racist. What would surely be called racism when done by Whites is thought to be normal when done by anyone else. The reverse is also true. Examples of this sort of double standard are so common, it is almost tedious to list them: When a White man kills a black man and uses the word "nigger" while doing so, there is an enormous media uproar and the nation beats its collective breast; when members of the black Yahweh cult carry out ritual murders of random Whites, the media are silent (see AR of March, 1991). College campuses forbid pejorative statements about non-Whites as "racist," but ignore scurrilous attacks on Whites. At election time, if 60 percent of the White voters vote for a White candidate, and 95 percent of the black voters vote for the black opponent, it is Whites who are accused of racial bias. There are 107 "historically black" colleges, whose fundamental blackness must be preserved in the name of diversity, but all historically White colleges must be forcibly integrated in the name of... the same thing. To resist would be racist. "Black pride" is said to be a wonderful and worthy thing, but anything that could be construed as an expression of White pride is a form of hatred. It is perfectly natural for third-world immigrants to expect school instruction and driver's tests in their own languages, whereas for native Americans to ask them to learn English is racist. Blatant anti-White prejudice, in the form of affirmative action, is now the law of the land. Anything remotely like affirmative action, if practiced in favor of Whites, would be attacked as despicable favoritism. All across the country, black, Hispanic, and Asian clubs and caucuses are thought to be fine expressions of ethnic solidarity, but any club or association expressly for Whites is by definition racist. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) campaigns openly for black advantage but is a respected "civil rights" organization. The National Association for the Advancement of White People (NAAWP) campaigns merely for equal treatment of all races, but is said to be viciously racist. At a few college campuses, students opposed to affirmative action have set up student unions for Whites, analogous to those for blacks, Hispanics, etc, and have been roundly condemned as racists. Recently, when the White students at Lowell High School in San Francisco found themselves to be a minority, they asked for a racially exclusive club like the ones that non-Whites have. They were turned down in horror. Indeed, in America today, any club not specifically formed to be a White enclave but whose members simply happen all to be White is branded as racist. Today, one of the favorite slogans that define the asymmetric quality of American racism is "celebration of diversity." It has begun to dawn on a few people that "diversity" is always achieved at the expense of Whites (and sometimes men), and never the other way around. No one proposes that Howard University be made more diverse by admitting Whites, Hispanics, or Asians. No one ever suggests that National Hispanic University in San Jose (CA) would benefit from the diversity of having non-Hispanics on campus. No one suggests that the Black Congressional Caucus or the executive ranks of the NAACP or the Mexican-American Legal Defense and Educational Fund suffer from a lack of diversity. Somehow, it is perfectly legitimate for them to celebrate homogeneity. And yet any all-White group - a company, a town, a school, a club, a neighborhood - is thought to suffer from a crippling lack of diversity that must be remedied as quickly as possible. Only when Whites have been reduced to a minority has "diversity" been achieved. Let us put it bluntly: To "celebrate" or "embrace" diversity, as we are so often asked to do, is no different from deploring an excess of Whites. In fact, the entire nation is thought to suffer from an excess of Whites. Our current immigration policies are structured so that approximately 90 percent of our annual 800,000 legal immigrants are non-White. The several million illegal immigrants that enter the country every year are virtually all non-White. It would be racist not to be grateful for this laudable contribution to "diversity." It is, of course, only White nations that are called upon to practice this kind of "diversity." It is almost criminal to imagine a nation of any other race countenancing blatant dispossession of this kind. What if the United States were pouring its poorest, least educated citizens across the border into Mexico? Could anyone be fooled into thinking that Mexico was being "culturally enriched?" What if the state of Chihuahua were losing its majority population to poor Whites who demanded that schools be taught in English, who insisted on celebrating the Fourth of July, who demanded the right to vote even if they weren't citizens, who clamored for "affirmative action" in jobs and schooling? Would Mexico - or any other non-White nation - tolerate this kind of cultural and demographic depredation? Of course not. Yet White Americans are supposed to look upon the flood of Hispanics and Asians entering their country as a priceless cultural gift. They are supposed to "celebrate" their own loss of influence, their own dwindling numbers, their own dispossession, for to do otherwise would be hopelessly racist. There is another curious asymmetry about American racism. When non- Whites advance their own racial purposes, no one ever accuses them of "hating" another group. Blacks can join "civil rights" groups and Hispanics can be activists without fear of being branded as bigots and hate mongers. They can agitate openly for racial preferences that can come only at the expense of whites. They can demand preferential treatment of all kinds without anyone ever suggesting that they are "anti-white." Whites, on the other hand, need only express their opposition to affirmative action to be called haters. They need only subject racial policies that are clearly prejudicial to themselves to be called racists. Should they actually go so far as to say that they prefer the company of their own kind, that they wish to be left alone to enjoy the fruits of their European heritage, they are irredeemably wicked and hateful. Here, then is the final, baffling inconsistency about American race relations. All non-whites are allowed to prefer the company of their own kind, to think of themselves as groups with interests distinct from those of the whole, and to work openly for group advantage. None of this is thought to be racist. At the same time, whites must also champion the racial interests of non-whites. They must sacrifice their own future on the altar of "diversity" and cooperate in their own dispossession. They are to encourage, even to subsidize, the displacement of a European people and culture by alien peoples and cultures. To put it in the simplest possible terms, White people are cheerfully to slaughter their own society, to commit racial and cultural suicide. To refuse to do so would be racism. Of course, the entire non-white enterprise in the United States is perfectly natural and healthy. Nothing could be more natural than to love one's people and to hope that it should flourish. Filipinos and El Salvadorans are doubtless astonished to discover that simply by setting foot in the United States they are entitled to affirmative action preferences over native-born whites, but can they be blamed for accepting them? Is it surprising that they should want their languages, their cultures, their brothers and sisters to take possession and put their mark indelibly on the land? If the once-great people of a once-great nation is bent upon self-destruction and is prepared to hand over land and power to whomever shows up and asks for it, why should Mexicans and Cambodians complain? No, it is the White enterprise in the United States that is unnatural, unhealthy, and without historical precedent. Whites have let themselves be convinced that it is racist merely to object to dispossession, much less to work for their own interests. Never in the history of the world has a dominant people thrown open the gates to strangers, and poured out its wealth to aliens. Never before has a people been fooled into thinking that there was virtue or nobility in surrendering its heritage, and giving away to others its place in history. Of all the races in America, only whites have been tricked into thinking that a preference for one's own kind is racism. Only whites are ever told that a love for their own people is somehow "hatred" of others. All healthy people prefer the company of their own kind, and it has nothing to do with hatred. All men love their families more than their neighbors, but this does not mean that they hate their neighbors. Whites who love their racial family need bear no ill will towards non-whites. They only wish to be left alone to participate in the unfolding of their racial and cultural destinies. What whites in America are being asked to do is therefore utterly unnatural. They are being asked to devote themselves to the interests of other races and to ignore the interests of their own. This is like asking a man to forsake his own children and love the children of his neighbors, since to do otherwise would be "racist." What then, is "racism?" It is considerably more than any dictionary is likely to say. It is any opposition by whites to official policies of racial preference for non-whites. It is any preference by whites for their own people and culture. It is any resistance by whites to the idea of becoming a minority people. It is any unwillingness to be pushed aside. It is, in short, any of the normal aspirations of people-hood that have defined nations since the beginning of history - but only so long as the aspirations are those of whites. Here is the question what do you think of it so far

anyone dissagree with this list? 100 DAYS, 100 MISTAKES 1. "Obama criticized pork barrel spending in the form of 'earmarks,' urging changes in the way that Congress adopts the spending proposals. Then he signed a spending bill that contains nearly 9,000 of them, some that members of his own staff shoved in last year when they were still members of Congress. 'Let there be no doubt, this piece of legislation must mark an end to the old way of doing business, and the beginning of a new era of responsibility and accountability,' Obama said." -- McClatchy, 3/11 2. "There is no doubt that we've been living beyond our means and we're going to have to make some adjustments." -- Obama during the campaign. MORE: Obama's First 100 Days in Photos 3. This year's budget deficit: $1.5 trillion. 4. Asks his Cabinet to cut costs in their departments by $100 million -- a whopping .0027%! 5. "The White House says the president is unaware of the tea parties." -- ABC News, 4/15 6. "Mr. Obama is an accomplished orator but is becoming known in America as the 'teleprompt president' over his reliance on the machine when he gives a speech." -- Sky News, 3/18 7. In early February, the 2010 census was moved out of the Department of Commerce and into the White House, politicizing how federal aid is distributed and electoral districts are drawn. 8. Obama taps Nancy Killefer for a new administration job, First Chief Performance Officer -- to police government spending. But it surfaces that Killefer had performance issues of her own -- a tax lien was slapped on her DC home in 2005 for failure to pay unemployment compensation tax on household help. She withdrew. 9. Turkey tried to block the appointment of Anders Fogh Rasmussen as new NATO secretary general because he didn't properly punish the Danish cartoonist who caricatured Mohammed. France's Nicolas Sarkozy and Germany's Angela Merkel were outraged; Obama said he supported Turkey's induction into the European Union. 10. . . . and he never mentioned the Armenian genocide. 11. The picture of Obama and Hugo Chavez shaking hands. 12. Hugo Chavez gave him the anti-American screed "The Open Veins of Latin America." Obama didn't remark upon it. At least it wasn't DVDs. 13. Nicaragua's Daniel Ortega went on a 50-minute anti-American rant, calling Obama "president of an empire." Obama didn't leave the room. "I thought it was 50 minutes long. That's what I thought," he said. 14. Executives at AIG get $165 million in bonuses, despite receiving an $173 billion taxpayer bailout. 15. "For months, the Obama administration and members of Congress have known that insurance giant AIG was getting ready to pay huge bonuses while living off government bailouts. It wasn't until the money was flowing and news was trickling out to the public that official Washington rose up in anger and vowed to yank the money back." -- Associated Press, 3/18 16. "After pushing Congress for weeks to hurry up and pass the massive $787 billion stimulus bill, President Obama promptly took off for a three-day holiday getaway." -- New York Post, 2/15 17. MEGHAN CLYNE ON: "I WON" AND THE DEATH OF BIPARTISANSHIP "Obama soared to victory on the hopeful promise of a new era of bipartisanship. During his inaugural address he even promised an 'end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.' "Too bad it took all of three days for the promise to ring hollow. "Start with Obama's big meeting with top congressional leaders on his signature legislation -- the stimulus -- on the Friday after his inauguration. Listening to Republican concerns about overspending was a nice gesture -- until he shut down any hopes of real dialogue by crassly telling Republican leaders: 'I won.' Even the White House's leaking of the comment was a slap at the Republican leadership, who'd expected Obama to adhere to the custom of keeping private meetings with congressional leadership, well, private. "It's only gone downhill from there. The stimulus included zero Republican recommendations, and failed to get a single House Republican vote. "It's not just the tactic of using Republicans for bipartisan photo-ops, and then cutting them loose before partisan decisions, that irks Obama's opponents. The new president wasted no time rushing forward with policies and legislation guaranteed to drive Republicans nuts. The first bill he signed into law was the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act -- a partisan hot-button that drew all of eight Republican supporters in the entire Congress. Then there was the swift reversal of Bush policies on abortion and embryonic-stem-cell research -- issues dear to the Republican base. "And when Obama and the Democrats in Congress took up SCHIP -- the children's health-insurance bill that Republicans say vastly expands government's role in health care -- they had an easy chance for real bipartisanship

Does this facts prove that greeks are stolling Macedonian history?? Macedonia and Alexander were never greeks? Documents of the Continued Existence of Macedonia and the Macedonian Nation for a period of over 2500 years What follows are documents that speak of the continued existence of Macedonia and of the Macedonian nation through the last 25 centuries. Macedonia is clearly distinguished from Greece (Hellas), Thrace, Illyria, Bulgaria, Serbia, and the Macedonians are likewise distinguished as distinct nation from the Greeks, Thracians, Illyrians, Bulgarians, Serbs, Albanians, as nation which continued to exist and survive trough the centuries (makedonika.org). 500 B.C. - 500 A.D. Macedonia and the Macedonians as distinct nation in the works of the ancient Greek, Roman, and Jewish historians, as well in the works of the modern German, French, English, American historians. 586 A.D. From the "Miracles of St. Demetrius of Salonika, I ": "...For if one was to imagine them in a heap, not only the Macedonians gathered in Salonika... Certainly he who inspired the Macedonians with courage..." Mirac. I, 13, p.1285-14; 1313 758-759 A.D. From the Chronographia of Theophanes the Confessor "That year Constantine plundered the Sclavinii throughout Macedonia and subjugated the rest." Theoph., I, p.430, 21-22. From the Chronographia Tripertita by Anastasius Bibliothecarius: "In the eighteenth year of his reign, Constantine enslaved the Sclavinii of Macedonia and he subjugated the rest." A. B., p.282, 20-21. 8th Century From Strabonos Epithomatus: "And now, in that way almost all of Epirus, Hellada, the Peloponnese and Macedonia have also been settled by the Skiti-Slavs." C. Muller, Geographi graeci minores, Paris 1882, p.574. 821-823 A.D. From the letter of Michael II to the honorable Ludwig: "Thomas...having gathered our barges and dromon, had the opportunity to arrive in (some) parts of Thrace and Macedonia." Mansi, Michaelis Belbi et Theophilii....Florentinae, 1759 904 From On the Capture of Salonika by John Cametinae: "...I introduce you to the same, the great and the first city of the Macedonians..." J.K. Begunov, Kozma Prezviter v slavjanskih literaturah, Sofia 1976, p. 297 First half of 10th C. From On the Themes by Constantine Porphyrogenitus: "... So from a kingdom Macedonia turned into a province and now it has reached the position of a theme and strategy." C. Porfirogenito, De thematibus, Citta del Vaticano, 1952. 986 From the History of Leo the Deacon: "...since they robbed the region of the Macedonians mercilessly, destroying all adults.". Leonis Diaconi Historiae, Paris 1864, p. 311. 1041 From the Annals of Bari: "...he had already written to Sicily from where the unfortunate Macedonians, Paulicians and Calbrians arrived." G.H. Pertz, Annales Barenses, Monumenta Germaniae historica, Scriptores V, p.53. 1064 From the Chronicle of John Zonaras: "The Uzians...invaded Macedonia and plundered it, and reached Hellada". Ioannis Zonorae Epitomae historiarum, Vol. VIII, Ed. Th. Buttner-Wobst, Bonnae 1897, p.678. 1072-1073 From the History of Necephorus Vryenius: "...for the Scythians were carrying out sudden attacks in Thrace and Macedonia." Nicephori Bryenii commentarii, Ed. A. Meicke, Bonnae 1836, p.100, 102. 1083-1085 From De expeditione Yerosolymitana by Radulfo Cadonis: "...Beomund Guiscard sailed across the Adriatic and occupied Macedonia." Tancredi in expeditione Yerosolymitana ....Paris, 1854, p.499. c. 1106 From the letter of Theophylactes of Ohrid to Gregorius Camaterus: "...do not retain such a man in the narrow regions of our Macedonia...". Theophylacti, col. 496, B-C. Beginning of 12th Century From the Byzantine satire Timarion: "The day of Saint Demetrius in (Salonika) is as great a festival as the Panathinei in Athens or Panionii in Miletus; it is a grand Macedonian celebration in which not only the Macedonian people gather, but people of all sorts and from all directions: Greeks from different regions of Hellada, the Mizian tribes...". Vizantiiski Vremenik, Moscow VI 1953, p. 367. 1185 "Woe, woe, the city of Salonika is captured, I say, the metropolis of the Macedonians." Ephraimi Chronologici caesares; Ed. J.P. Migne - PG 143 , Paris 1891, p.198. Beginning of 13th C. From the synod records of the Ohrid Archibishopric: "Ioannis Ierakar by birth Macedonian". J. Pitra, Analacta sacra et classica specilegio Solesmensi parta, t. VI Juris ecclesiastici graecorum selecta paralipomena. Parissis et Romae 1891, col. 315. 1246 Ser was one a large city, but the Bulgarian Ivan had demolished when besieging it and other Macedonian cities. Georgii Acropolitae Opera, Recensuit A. Haisenberg vol. I, Lipsiae 1903, p.74-75, 77 1282-1321 ...that king's alliance is certain and unanswering, just as long as he can settle near to Macedonia. While he was spending his time on these (matters), the protostrator Theodore Sinadinus, once freed from the West, arrived in Byzantium. He governed Prilep, the neighbouring regions and the lower Macedonian towns. Ioan Cantacuzeni Historiarum libri IV, Ed. J.P.Migne - PG Paris 1866, p.94 1305 At the battle of Apros in 1305 there were five syntaxeis, differentiated by ethnicity: the Alans and Tourkopouloi in the van, followed by the Macedonians, the Anatolians, the Vlach infantry and the Thelematarioi. The Late Byzantine Army. Mark C. Bartusis 1992. p.256 1326 ...I beleive you know that Strimon...is the largest of all those that biscet Thrace and Macedonia... Nicephore Gregoras, Correspondence. Paris 1927, p.30-50. Middle 14th C. ...Stefan became king of the Tribals. After he had set off from the region of the Ionian Sea, he razed Epidamnus to the ground, went into Macedonia and made Skopje the capital... The king left the city of Skopje, taking with him men experienced in battle and a strong army and subordinated to his rule the places in the vicinity of Kastoria. Then having moved camp, he subjugated all of Macedonia, except for Terma... Laonici Chalcocondiae Historiarum. Ed. J. P. Migne - PG t.CLIX (Paris, 1866) col. 36, B-37, C. 1349 (Code of) the honorable and Christ-loving Macedonian Tsar Stefan, Serbian, Bulgarian, Hungarian, Dalmation, Arbanasian, Hungarian Wallachian and indipendent ruler of many other regions and lands... Lj. Stojanovic, Stari srpski zapisi i natpisi. Knj. III, Beograd 1905, p. 41 (nbr.4949). Middle of the 14th C. A Slav inscription from the church of St. George at Upper Kozjak in which a man called Bratan signs himself as being from Macedonia. Z. Rosolkovska-Nikolovska, Crkvata Sv. Georgi vo Goren Kozjak vo svetlinata na novite ispituvanja - Zbornik "Kiril Solunski", Kn. I, Skopje, MANU 1970, p. 222. 15th C. I remember the great subordination under which the Turk holds the emperor in Constantinople and all the Greeks, Macedonians and Bulgarians....As I said earlier, there are many Christians who are forced to serve the Turk, such as Greeks, Bulgarians, Macedonians, Albanians, Esclavinians, Rasians and Serbians... Bertrand de la Brocuiere, Putovanje preko mora, Beograd 1950, p.134-135, 140-141. 13th Century - 15th Century Byzantine historians of the Palaiologan period (13th Century - 15th Century) rarely make any distinction more specific then "Thrace" and "Macedonia". Thus we read of the "Thracians" and "Macedonians", the "Thracian and Macedonian armies", the "army" or "forces from Thrace and Macedonia"… For these historians the border between the two areas was the Nestos River or Kavalla. To the west was Macedonia to the east was Thrace. The Late Byzantine Army. Mark C. Bartusis 1992. p.65 1461-1462 When the enemy forces are battered, no one doubts that the whole of Serbia, Bosnia, Macedonia, Epirus, Thessaly, Greece or Attica and the Peloponnese will return to the faithful....Inspired by this example the Thessalians, the Greeks, the Poloponnesians, the Epirans and the Macedonians will all rebel and will win ... Jovan Radonic, Gjurac Kastriot Skenderbeg i Arbanija u XV veku - Spomenik XCV (1942), p. 128-129. August 8th, 1470. The Sultan stopped and spent the night ...in afield that represented the Macedonian border...The River Vardar is nearby, which flows through Macedonia...of which some are Greeks, others Macedonians, Wallachs and even Italians, as well as other nations....Greeks and Macedonians live there... Gio Mario degli Angiolelo, A. Matkovski i P. Angelkova, Nekolku kratki patopisi za Makedonija, Glasnik na INI, VXI/1 (1972), p. 246-247. 1557 ...It is located in Thessaly, which borders on Macedonia, where the plague has reduced much of the population... Nbljudeni na mnozhestvo redki i zabelezhitelni neshta, videni v Grcija, Azija, Judea, Egipet, Arabia i drugi chuzhdi strani ot Pierre Belon d'Man, Sofia 1953, p.132-133; Frenski patepisi za Balkanite, XV-XVIII v. Sofia 1975, p. 95-98. 1566 ...called Jakov; I laboured for much time and many years for this work (in order to contribute) to the holy books. I came out of Macedonia, my fatherland, and I entered.... Lj. Stojanovich, Stari srpski zapisi i natpisi I, p. 203-204. 1579 German ruler Rudolph II to the Pope: ..the deliverer of this letter, don Petar Crnovic...born in Salonika and the other parts of Macedonia... A. Theiner, Vitera monumenta Slavorum meridionalium illustrantia. II. Zagrabiae 1875, p. 70. 1589 Gavril, Archbishop of Ohrid to Archduke Ferdinand of Habsburg: ...the Turk, who from day to day has pursued and blackmailed us and our ancestors ....in the whole of Macedonia, Greece and the nearby countries...then among our countries we have Bulgaria, Serbia, Macedonia, Oltenia... Landesregierungsarchive - Innsbruck, VI 50. 1593 Project by Alexander Komulovic to expel the Ottomans from the Balkans ...In other parts of Epirus and Macedonia almost all are Christians of the Greek ritual... Biblioth. Barberiana cod. mnc. LVIII, 33, - Starine (Zagreb), Knj. XIV (1882), p. 86-87. August 11th, 1607 The Duke of Savoy, Charles Emmanuel I, sends his own man of trust to Macedonia. ...who had arrived from Albania and Macedonia... V. Makrusev, Istoriski spomenici Juznih Slovena i okolnih naroda, Beograd 1882, p. 297-299. April 6-24, 1618 (Senato Secreta. 337. Macedonia) ...The nobility of Macedon do not wish to have anything to do with the king of Spain... Calendar of State Papers and Manuscripts relating to English Affairs existing in the Archives and Collections of Venice and other libraries in Northern Italy, London 1864, Vol XV, p. 201-202. 1624 A letter from Pope Urban VIII to the Archbishop of Ohrid, Porphyrius Palaelogus To the respected brothers Porphyrius Paleologus, Patriarch of Justiniana Prima of Ohrid and the other subordinate archbishops, bishops of Bulgaria, Serbia, Albania and of the other side of Macedonia. A. Theiner, Vetera monumenta Slavorum II, (Zagrebiae 1875), p. 123. 1690 Manifesto of the Austrian Emperor Leopold I to the Nations of the Balkans ...Therefier we kindly call all the people who live throughout Albania, Servia, Mysia, Bulgaria, Silistria, Illyria, Macedonia and Rashka... J. Radonjic and M. Kostic, Srpske privilegije od 1690 do 1792. SAN, Posebna izdanja CCXXV, Beograd 1954, p. 26-27. April 26th, 1690 Letter of protection from Leopold I. ...This is to inform you that two Macedonians, Marko Kraida born in Kosana and Dimitri Georgi Popovic, born in Macedonian Salonika, have told us that the Macedonian people, with respect for our most righteous task, with devotion and zeal towards our service....we graciously accept them under our imperial and royal mercy and in any case and way the above mantioned Macedonian people, cordially recommending to each and all of our willing commanders not to attack the Macedonian people....Issued in Vienna, April 26th, 1690. Representatives: defenders of the Macedonian people.... J. Radonic, Prilozi za istoriju Srba u Ungarskoj u XVI, XVII and XVIII veku. Knj. I, Matice srpske, nbr 25 and 26, Novi Sad 1908, p. 52-53. 1704 The French treveller and writer Paul Luca on Macedonia ...and hour after midnight for Kavalla, which is six miles away and once was a large Macedonian city by the sea coast. We should note that almost all the villages in Macedonia are full of Christians and there are few Turks. A. Matkovski and P. Angelakova, Patuvanjata na francuskiot petepisec Pol Luka niz Makedonija od 1704 do 1714-Istorija v/2 (1969). p. 101. End of 18th C. Reports by the French Consul in Salonika, Felix de Beaujour, about Macedonia. The pashalik of Salonika includes the whole of Lower Macedonia and covers 700 sq. miles....it must be noted that here I am only speaking about the most populated part of Macedonia; since Upper Macedonia and Epirus are less populated....In Macedonia, as in Poland, the peasants die from hunger, while the masters live in abundance of gold... Felix de Beaujour, Voyage militaire dans l'Empire Othoman, I, Paris 1829, p. 127-128. n.1; p.130, 132. 1821 Macedonians pertecipate in the Romanian uprising ...At that time there was a man they called Sludzar Todor who urged all the foreigners (mostly Macedonians) to rebel against the boyar... Marko K. Cepenkov, Makedonsko narodno tvoreshtvo, Kn. X, Skopje 1972, p.308 1846 ...I learnt the Slav alphabet from my father Makedonski, who calls himself so because we are Macedonians, and not Greeks.... Georgija Makedonski, Bogosluzhbena kniga "Opshti minej" - vo crkvata vo s. Radibush, Kriva Palanka, posledna nepagirana stranica. 1851 Bulgarian Comments on the language of J.H. Dzinot ...May the inhabitants of Skopje and those who speak similarly forgive me, but they do not understand our language and cannot speak either... "Bolgarski", Tsarigradski Vestnik, nbr. 55 (6.X.1851, p. 19). 1858 Education in Veles ....Archbishop Antim declared to his peers that all peoples have been enlightened by the Greeks and so it is necessary that Greek should be taught in the schools of Veles, and not Macedonian, since the children alrady know their own language from their home... J. N. Iz Velesa u Makedoniji: Srbski Dnevnik, nbr. 44 (1858) (according to Branislav Vraneshevic, Vojvodinska javnost, p. 320-321). 1865 A note from the priest Demetrius: In the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, I, priest Demetrius, was born in the village of Ogut, in the Kriva Palanka region. and held the services in my native village, when in the year of our Lord 1848, the champions of the town of Kriva Palanka employed me as a priest against the will of His Grace, the Greek priest Kir Gavrail. Mr. Mikhail Makedonski interceded most in favor of my appointment, because I'm a Macedonian by birth and hold the services in the Slav language. Such was the Fate of my fatherland Macedonia, to suffer from the Greeks, so that they will not give us peace even today, although everyone knows that Macedonia is an older state then their kingdom. We had our own Slav educators, Cyril and Methodius, who left us our Slav alphabet. They were Macedonians born in Salonika, the glorious capital of Macedonia. Our Greek bishop does not admit this, so we do not want him to be our priest, but we want to have our own arch-priest, a Slav, for time everlasting. Amen. Zapis vo knigata Zitie Svetih vo Krivopalaneckata crkva. Pretposledna nepagirana strana. January 28, 1867 To the Editor of "Makedonija" newspaper: ...The Greeks and the greacomans have met the newspaper with sorrow, since they always tried to hellenize the Macedonians, destroying also the Archibishopric of Ohrid -The Spark of Our Future. Yet, however hard they have tried to stop us from making progress, they could not entirely uproot the feelings of the Macedonians that they are Macedonians. T.I. Kusev, Makedonija, Istanbul, Nbr. I (1/28/1867) March 25, 1870 ...lets us consider those of the present Macedonians who blinded by concealed glow of Hellenic wisdom, accept that they should scorn and revoke their own nationality...the time seems opportune for me to exclaim:Ah, how far away the time really is when Hellas, as everybody calls her today, was subjected to Macedonian authority... Stefan Zahariev, Chitalishte, Istanbul, I/7, 1871, p.214-216. November 30, 1870 ...A teacher named Mr. Shapkarevic...has come to visit me...the same day the books you had sent me...arrived. But as soon as he saw them he said that they should not be taught in the Macedonian schools, since they were in the Bulgarian dialect; and that we should take his books which are in the Macedonian dialect... Pravo of 10/30/1870 (according to B. Koneski, Kon Makedonskata prerodba, p.68). February 1874 A letter from P.R. Slaveykov to the Bulgarian Exarch: Your Grace, I arrived in Salonika on the evening of the 14th of last month (January 1874). I immediately went to meet all the important local people and some others from the other Macedonian towns. My aim was to gather information as son as possible on what was to be necessary for the succes of the mission with which you had entrusted me. I first met Father Averkij Zografski, and the following day Father Petar Dimitrov as well, the local president of the community. I may inform you, Your Grace, that the wind from here, from Salonika, blows and scatters to all sides. These two clergyman, to my mind, are the leaders of the movement fot the restoration of the Archbishopric of Ohrid, although one should not neglect Ohrid and to certain extent Bitola, Veles and Skopje either. The Uniate movement here is not without roots, as they think in Constantinople, especially His Grace, Count Ignatiev. During the time I have been in Macedonia I have ascertained the same we had formerly known and written three years ago. Now, as then or twenty years ago, we are dealing with the Macedonian question. In talks with few Macedonian "patriots" I have understood that this movement, which had been only bare words till a few years ago, is now clear and precise thought - "The Macedonians are not Bulgarians" and they persistenly strive, regardless of the price, to obtain a separate church of their own. They also have the support in their separatism of smoe high clergyman in Constantinople, especially His Grace Nathaniel Ohridski, Panariot Plovdivski, and Archimandrite Hariton Karpuzov. I have understood this month from reliable sources that there are letters which arrive every day from Constantinople to the Salonika community, and are then sent to the other communities in the provinces. The letters are written in this spirit. One such letter, which the Salonika community sent to the community of Voden, calls upon the inhabitants of Voden to break off all their relations with theExarchate until the Macedonian Church question is settled, because "now is the moment". Mr. Kuzman Shapkarev from Ohrid, who is well known to us, has done a great deal to spread the idea of the restoration of the Archbishopric of Ohrid; he consatnly travels between Kukish and Ohrid and v.v., but at whose expanse, I do not know. Mr. Dimitar Makedonski, "the Macedonian textbook writer", is no less active, reciving salary as a teacher from the Exarchate and from local Lazarists. Owing to such unreasonable sermons by the Macedonian patriots that the church question has been settled only in favor of the Bulgarians, there is discontent among the people towrds the eparchies of th4 Danube and Adrianople vilayets as well as envy because of the earlier awakening of the Bulgarians. One can especially feel a great resistance against the East Bulgarian variant in literature. A general impression is that the local people think that the Macedonians have been done a great harm with the settlement of the church question in favor of the Danubian and Thracian Bulgarians. This discontent has already grown into distrust of the Exarchate and its higher echalons. and there is an attitude formed that the local Macedonian dialect should be declared a literary language and a Macedonian hiearchy established. Great attention, Your Grace, should be paid to His Grace Nathaniel, who promised the local people taht as soon as he comes to his eparchy he will take steps for the restoration of the Archbishopric of Ohrid. He seems to be connected with the Macedonian craftsman in Constantinople, among whom he spreads the news about the agreement with the Patriarchate. For their own part they inform their own people in Macedonia about this. It causes great discontent here. Consequently, separatism has its roots in the secret circle of Constantinople. If you press them there, the commotion wil calm down here. Silence the trumpet, there won't be any echo! The question of Father Nil is a highly delicate one, because he has barricaded himself in Kukush and does not want to return. His ambition seems to have made him to this. He stuffed his head with the thought of becoming the Archbishop of Ohrid ar at least Metropolitan of Salonika. As an Exarchate delegate he spreads the news about the agreement with the Patriarchate as the " most informed person". He decribes the Exarchate to the people as indifferent and passive in saving the Macedonian population from Greek spiritual slavery. Father Nil, who proved to be completely immature, seems to be a hireling of the highest Turkish vilayet authorities. However, his disobidiance to his headquarters began at the moment when he was summoned to return to Constantinople. Instead of obeying orders, he remained waiting there. His disobidiance also comes as a result of the suggestions that have been arriving from Constatinople. He maintains constant relations with Bishop Panaret and Nathaniel especially with the latter, who has suggested he stay in Macedonia until he gets an appointment for Ohrid and arrives in Macedonia. I think that Father Nil should be cast out of Macedonia at any cost and sent to Constatinople, because he is dangerous here. He already acts under the protection of the local Lazarists and the French consul. Thoughts of the restoration of the Archbishop of Ohrid at the moment are most prevalent here, in Salonika. Here the schemes are being devised and here the hotheads are gathering. These thoughts of course are not based upon mature foundation, especially since Midhat-Pasha has been dismissed from Salonika. But they are gradually spreading to northern Macedonia, although they are not very clear. Some say one thing to the people and others say another. There is danger, if steps are not taken from spme authoritative place, of creating a genral ideal. Then the consequences would be much more serious. The best thing would be if His Grace, Count Ignatiev, were to visit Macedonia, because the population feels a secret hope thet only Russia could help them. Tomorrow, with Gos's help, I intend to meet some of the elders from the local community. I shall try to convince them of the groundlessnes of their aspirations for a separarte Church when they already have one in the form of the Exarchate. Certainly the most difficult question will be that of the appointment of bishops of Macedonian origin and especially that of the cheirotonia of Father Hariton. I kiss Your Grace's right hand. Salonika, Fabruary 1874. Your obedient P.R. Slaveykov Another letter from P.R. Slaveykov: Your Grace, I sent you a letter via a trustworthy man two days ago, in which I briefly described to you the situation in Salonika and Macedonia in connection with the unreasonable movement for the restoration of the Archbishopric of Ohrid in union with the Roman Catholic Church. After the meeting with some of the local elders I have understood that there were everywhere wide discussions for a broader plan, namely, to create a Uniate Church in Macedonia. According to reliable sources, only the cheirotonia of Father Hariton is awaited before action will be taken. Until the blessing of the Pope for the proclamation of the Uniate Archbishopric of Ohrid arrives, the bishops with their eparchies will be constituent apart of the Uniate Church with their seat in Adrianople. Then Father Nathaniel will be appointed Archbishop of Ohrid and the following appointments will be made in the eparchies: Father Panaret for the Pelagonia eparchy, Brother Kozma Prechistenski for the Debar eparchy, Father Nil Izvorov for the Salonika eparchy and Father Dorotej for the Skopje eparchy. The other eparchies, for which there are no candidates proposed, will temporarily be governed by the neighboring archpriests. Father Nil will be Bishop of Salonika, Kukush and Voden. Father Hariton, after his ordination, will also become bishop of the Serez and Melnik eparchies. Father Dionisij, as an archimandrite, will temporarily govern the Strumica eparchy. I have personal impression, Your Grace, that nobody here is asking for a real union with the Roman Catholic Church. It is simply a means of restoration of the Archbishopric of Ohrid. Catholic circles also feel this and therefore have no great confidence in the people with whom they are negotiating. So I do not think it is too late to actin order to overcome the discontent, which later could be subdued. The Uniate movement is more dangerous in the places where formerly there was a Union because of similar reasons. Kukush comes in the first place, followed by Dojran with sympathy from Strumica, Maleshevo and Voden. The Salonika, Serez, Melnik and Drama villages lag behind them. There is not any powerful stirring of the Uniate propaganda indeed, but where there is smoke there must be fire. The appointment of Bishop Nil is expected for the fire to blaze forth. The Poljanin eparchy will immediately turn into a Union and the Strumica and Voden eparchies will join in, as well as a huge number of villages in Salonika, Drama, Serres and other eparchies. The other Macedonian eparchies will certainly be shattered, too, first the Veles eparchy and then the Skopje one. The Veles eparchy is also dissatisfied with its bishop, Damaskin, while at the same time the citizens of Veles, aroused by a craving for power, believe that they should govern Macedonia in religious matters. The causes of such a situation in the whole of Macedonia are very obvious. The Macedonian eparchies and towns I have already mentioned are extremely embittered by the serious position of the Church and the people in which they find themselves. The spreading of the idea of restoration of the Archbishopric of Ohrid upon an Uniate basis is also helped by the French and Austrian consuls, who promise full protection before the Turkish authorities and persecution of the Constantinople Patriarchate. The Greeks themselves indirectly help the spreading of the Union in Macedonia, expecting the Exarchate to become weak because of the Union and thus finding allies in the liquidation of the Catholic propaganda in Macedonia. I have concluded this from the talks I had with the Greek consul in Salonika. He was not in the least worried at the danger of the spread of the Union in Macedonia. On the contrary, Greece is seeking support for its economic and national activity in Macedonia. According to the opinion of the Greek consul, the part of the people who will not accept the Union, disillusioned with the Exarchate, will remain under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate. In the talks I had it was not by chance that the agents and adherents of the Union mentioned that the "Macedonian question" could only be settled through the Union. In order to make full use of the discontent and bitterness of the people against the Exarchate, they strengthen their accusation against the Exarchate. They speak about the Macedonian question upon a religious basis, but at the same time stir up the old separatist trends among the Macedonians - to create a new ethnic region through the Union - in the spirit of Midhat-Pasha's schemes. As the Roman Catholic agents worked out a cultural and national program for the Union in 1860 for the liberation of the Bulgarian people from the Patriarchate, they now also appear with a specific program for the spiritual and national liberation of the Macedonian eparchies through the Union. The Macedonian activists already widely use the expression the Macedonian movement in their language of communication, by which one should understand independent national and church liberation. I must emphasize strongly, Your Excellency, that this is a factor of an important political character - separatism is being spread starting from a religious basis towards a broader national one. After the talks I had with Father Petar Dimov I felt that he has slowly retired from being drawn into the Union. Today he has officially renounced the Union and sent a letter to You expressing his loyalty to the Exarchate. I also talked to Father Averkij. He told me that he would also withdraw from the movement if appointments for the Exarchate bishops were issued by the autumn. My attitude towards these two Church dignitaries was moderate and friendly, because any repressive measures could stir up spirits. .... Your spiritual child P.R. Slaveykov S. Dimevski, Dve pisma na P. R. Slaveykov za makedonizmot. - Razgledi XIV, 5(1972), p.561-566 April 6, 1878 in Salonika To the Right Honorable Austen Henry Layard "...Russian agents are busy in the country, and even here, trying to get petitions that the whole of Macedonia be included in Bulgaria... They tell the people: If you remain out, your state (and you see what it is) will be worse then it was before, while if you attach yourselves to us and our cause, you will get all the benefits accruing to a large and powerful Kingdom, under Russian protection... I remain... Edward B. Barker British Museum, London, Dmss Layard Papers, Vol. LXXXIX Addd. 39.019, 186-187. 1878 From the record of the Imperial Russian secret archives on the arrangement and government of the Balkan regions. ...Count Shuvalev demands that all the necessary measures for pacification of Macedonia be undertaken. For its purpose, it would be desirable to send competent agents there, and to proclaim to the Macedonians on behalf of the Governor, the Emperor, that His Highness is concerned about their fate, as much as for the other Slavs, and they will be granted the same freedom as that of the Bulgarians, now already liberated.... Dokumenti iz sekretnite arhivi na Ruskoto pravitelstvo. Sofia 1893, p.11-12. 1878 The rules of the Macedonian Rebel Commitee of the Kresna Uprising It is well known to all of us that this ill-fated country of ours, Macedonia, owing to the egoistic aims of the Great Powers, was gain left to Turkey after the Congress of Berlin. As a result of that, in certain regions of our fatherland many scenes full full of blood, known to all of us, took place....We rebelled as advocates of freedom. With the blood we shed all over Macedonian fields and forests, we serve freedom, as the Macedonian army of Alexander of Macedon did, with our slogan "Freedom or Death!" The aim of the Uprising in Macedonia 1.The uprising in Macedonia...should be extended all over Macedonia. 2. Those people from Macedonia who feel themselves to be Macedonians and love the freedom of their fatherland are taking part in the uprising. From the private archives of Cyril, Patriarch of Bulgaria, Arch. of Act 2341, AE 50, pp. 30-61. The Residence of the monastery of Dragolevci, Sofia, P.R. Bulgaria. June 8, 1879 Georgi Pulevski to Despot Badzovic: ...The Bulgarians here are playing tricks with us and are turning the water to their mill alongside divine Nathaniel, who is a Macedonian, but rather inclined towards the Bulgarians... Arhiv Srbije (Beograd) Fond: Ministarstvo prosvete, P. nbr. 981/8.VI.1879; Razgledi XIV/10 (1972), p. 1132. March 23, 1881 Manifesto of the Provisional Government of Macedonia: ...our dear Macedonia, our dear homeland is calling upon you: you who are my faithful children, you who are descendants of Aristotle and Alexandar the Great, you in whose veins Macedonian blood flows, do not let me die, but help me!... President Vasil Chomo, Secretary Nikola Trajkov in Kjustendil Centralnii Gosudartsvenii Arhiv Okjabarskii revoljucii i socialtieskoga stroitelstva SSSR, Moskva - Fond Gr.Ignatieva No.730 - opis No. 1, ed.hr.79; Lj. lape, Odbrani tekstovi za istorijata na makedonskio narod, II del, Skopje 1976, p.256-258. May 9, 1888 Salonika. Temko Popov to Despot Badzovic ...I shall try to write to you, as far as possible, in our language, replacing the words I don't know with Bulgarian ones. What else can I do, Despot? While our language could one dictate to the other Slav languages, it has now remained the poorest of all, and like a begger, it serves either Bulgarian or Serbian....Let us no lie to ourselves, Despot, tha national spirit in Macedonia has reached such a stage today that even if Jesus Christ had come to the Earth, he would not have been able to persuade the Macedonian that he was a Bulgarian or a Serb, excepting those Macedonians in whom Bulgarian propaganda has already taken root. In order to convince yourself of this, you must have Bulgarianism in view. Bulgarian propaganda has now been working for 20 years in Macedonia, in the blindest of times - when Hellenism, coming from and entirely alien nation, started to take root in the Macedonian heart; but the Macedonians, seeing a ray of Slavism, rejected everything as if eyeless, without paying attention to the difference. It was sufficient for them to have broken with Hellenism. But what is to be done now i.e. after twenty years of Bulgarian striving, indoctrination and unsparing pecuniary sacrifaces? My dear Despot, everybody does what is natural, but unexpected for the Bulgarians, that is, now every Macedonian admits he is not a Bulgarian and declares loudly his nation, even though he may stilluse Bulgarian means, not having his own, of course. ... Your friend T. Popov Narodna Biblioteka, Belgrade - fond - Jovan Hadzi Vasiljevic II 413/III May 9 1988. 1890 A request by the citizens of Ohrid for the restoration of the Archbishopric of Ohrid To His Holiness, the Great Patriarch, Constantinople, We, loyal subjects to His Majesty, the Emperor Sultan Abdul Hamid II, for a long time did not have freedom for our Church, and since 1872 have become an even more misled flock, for we came under the Bulgarian Exarchate, deceived by Bulgarian propaganda. Thus we became schismatics, as well. ...Apart from the fact that Bulgarians deceived and beguiled us, they also reject our language, change our holy customs and alter our character, too. We cannot tolerate it any more and we do not want our children to curse us and the graves of our forefathers... (signatures of 120 citizens of Ohrid) DA DSIP - Beograd - PPO, F.7, d.6, p.br. 962, 1890. June 22, 1891 Skopje Theodosius, Metropolitan of Skopje, to Archimandrite Dionysius in Sofia. ...our Holy Exarchate headed by His Holiness Exarch Joseph I does everything possible to persuade the wretched Macedonian people that it has good intentions, that it cares for their present and future and that it wants to draw them out of the darkness of national unawareness and create holy Bulgarians of them. But I would not have to persuade you too long, my dearest brother in Christ, that our Holy Exarchate, with its religious and educational activity here, in Macedonia, in fact carries out a most miserable task, it deprives a people of its name and replaces it with another, it deprives them of their mother tongue and replaces it with another, alien one, in order to allow its government and its Bulgarian masters to extend their commerce to foreign territories, too. And what else would you call this, my dear brother, other then a new slavery, even more terrible then the Turkish one? The Turks take the property and the lives of the people, but do not encroach upon their spirit. They destroy the body but respect the soul. And our Holy Exarchate kills the latter, the perpetual... I have written this to you, so that you would not be amazed by my previous letter in which I stated my opinion that we clergyman, Macedonians in origin, should unite and urge our people to awaken, throw off foreign authority, throw off even the Patriarchate and the Exarchate, and spiritually unified under the wing of the Archbishopric of Ohrid, their only true Mother Church. Is it not high time to put an end to the national movements of a single people among which some recognize the Patriarchate, some the Exarchate and some even bow to Mohammed? Is it not high time to put an end to hatred between blood brothers? And how could this be achieved if not by the way of our national Church , by way of the Archbishopric of Ohrid? I shall be sincere, my dear brother in Christ, and shall openly declare to you: we, the Macedonians, to not suffer as much by the Turks, long live our Padishah, as by the Greeks, the Bulgarians and the Serbs, who have set upon us like vultures upon a carcass in this tortured land and want to split it up. ("And they parted Your garments, Jesus")..... ...Theodosius of Skopje Centralen D'rzhaven istoricheski archiv (Sofia) 176, op. 1. arh.ed. 595, l.5-42 - Razgledi, X/8 (1968), p.996-1000. December 4, 1891 Theodosius, Metropolitan of Skopje, to Pope Leo XIII I, the undersigned Metropolitan of Skopje, Theodosius, by God's Mercy head of Skopje eparchy, am submitting this request both in my name and in the name of of the whole Orthodox flock of Macedonia, in which we are begging His Holiness to accept us under the wing of the Roman Catholic Church...Our desire springs from the historical right of the Orthodox Macedonian people to be freed from the jurisdiction of foreign Churches - the Bulgarian Exarchate and the Constantinople Patriarchate - ....The borders of the Archbishopric should conform to the present borders of Macedonia... Archivio della S. Congregazione de Propaganda Fide - Roma: Indice della Potenza - Marzo 1892-93, Somm.XV, f.132-141. August 20, 1892 Serbian Consul in Bitola, Dimitrije Bodi, to Minister of Foreign Affairs, Vladan Djordjevic, in Belgrade. I have to inform you, dear Sir, that some intellectualist movement among the local teachers has recently appeared in the town of Kostur, which insists upon rejection of Greek and Bulgarian propaganda, and the introduction of the Macedonian dialect as the language of teaching in the schools. This initiative has in fact been started....If you are interested in these matters, Sir, please answer me with a ciphered telegram. DA - DSIP. P odd.I red 278 (1892). August 26, 1892 Serbian Consul in Bitola, Dimitrije Bodi, to Minister of Foreign Affairs, Vladan Djordjevic, in Belgrade. ....I have heard from my own people that the local community at its meeting of 22nd Auguts this year, decided that the teaching in the new 1892/1893 school year should be done in the Macedonian dialect. The town teachers were given the task of working a program for the language teaching and a provisional grammar of the Macedonian dialect.... DA - DSIP. P odd.I red 278 (1892). 1890 Karl Hron: "The Nationality of the Macedonian Slavs": ...From my own studies of the Serbo-Bulgarian dispute I came to the conviction that the Macedonians are an individual nation, both by their history and their language; thus, they are neither Serbs nor Bulgarians... Karl Hron, Das Volksthum der Slaven Makedoniens, Wien 1890, S. 4-5, 15-17, 20, 22,26 1896 Paul Argyriades (A French socialist born in Macedonia): ...Present day Macedonia is one of the European provinces of the Turkish Empire. It borders on the south with Epirus, Thessaly and the Mediterranean, on the east with Thrace and the Mediterranean, on the north with Mount Hemus, Bulgaria and Serbia and with Albania on the west....Macedonia, as the homeland of the two greatest personalities of the Ancient World - Aristotle and Alexander the Great, who conquered the world. should it anew conquer its independence and its autonomy?...And if an autonomous Macedonian administration were to be introduced in this land in ten years only, it would be the earthly paradise of the world...The small states - the Greek, Bulgaria and Serbian ones -argue for the acquisition of Macedonia, using all kinds of proofs - chauvinist and historical - invented in support of their interests, while no one seems to realize that if the historical truth were to be respected, Macedonia should rather have the right to possess all those countries, which would like to devour it, since once it governed and ruled them itself....The Macedonians do not want the kind of caresses which may strangle them. They want to remain Macedonians without any other epithet, guarding for themselves their beautiful Macedonia... Almanach de la Question Sociale. Illustre'. (Paris), Pour 1896, pp. 240-244. 1897 From "Maleshevski Balkan" journal: At Least Do Not Hinder Us There is hardly any harsher situation then that of the Macedonian cause. Aroused by sympathy, feelings and tradition to maintain always the closest links with its direct neighbors, the Bulgarians, Serbs, and others, today it surprises us most mercilessly and makes us repent. Nobody, undoubtedly nobody, would deny the justification of our hopes in the Bulgarians and the Serbs, as people who stand closest to us, as people with the same past as ours, etc. ... From "Maleshevski Balkan", Sofia, I, 16, 1 (1897). 1897 William Gladstone ...Next to the Ottoman Govt. nothing can be more deplorable and blameworthy then jealousies between Greek and Slav, and plans by the States already existing for appropriating other territory. Why not Macedonia for Macedonians, as well as Bulgaria for Bulgarians and Servia for Servians. And if they are small and weak, let them bind themselves together for defence, so that they may not be devoured by others, either great and small, which would probably be the effect of their quarreling among themselves. The Times (London), 6th January 1897, p.12 1898 Petar Mandzukov to Kostadin Kirkov ...Perhaps our slavery would not have been so difficult if various kinds of propaganda had not interfered in our affairs, which under the name of "brothers" and "benefactors" divide brothers from brothers and make the Turks commit the worst of crimes. Those "brothers" of ours do everything possible to prevent the unity of our freedom-loving forces. And what has been the result of such propaganda? Even the true sons of our country, those whoa re really not afraid to sacrifice their lives at the altar of our Fatherland, often wrongly think that the liberation of Macedonia could not be conceived without the interference of this or that state. They go over to the side of this or that people and forget their own people. Instead of uniting their forces in favor of their own people and striving in unison to liberate it from bondage, they cannot agree whom they should serve. We know, Kostadin, that our fatherland differs by its population from one Bulgaria, Greece or Serbia, which are homogenous countries. There are various nationalities and religions in our country. There are Macedonians, Greeks, Wallachians, Turks, Jews, Albanians, even a few Armenians. and let us not forget the Gypsies.... CDIA (Sofia), f.70, on., AE70-74; - Razgledi, X/7 (1968), p.847-851 1900 A. Brutus (A. Drandar): Concerning a movement in Macedonia A considerable section of the European press does not cease to inform us of the immense sufferings undergone by the Christian population of Macedonia....It was the sad fate of that population that made us publish this booklet, based upon our experience and personal observations I had acquired impartially, as a foreigner, during my stay in Macedonia of several years...If one takes a retrospective view of the history of Macedonia to the most ancient of times, one remains amazed by the great role this small country, this classical country par excellance, played in the world....The Macedonian, born in a land to which nature was so favorable, has always longed for heroic feats and aspired to great deeds...Even the glorious cradle of Ancient Hellenism is subjected to the Macedonian kings...We find Macedonians on the Byzantine throne at the time when this empire was at its peak. Following the course of history, we see how the star of Macedonia shone with the same intensity. It plays the chief role in the revival of the Slav people. Thus, the two brothers exalted to apostles, Cyril and Methodius, objects of general admiration for the Slav world, are Macedonians, and owing to the very existence of these two apostles, this small land becomes the cradle of the Slav people to whom it gives its religion and art...The inhabitants of Macedonia do not want to be annexed either to Bulgaria or Serbia, or Greece; they want, they want so strongly, to live a human life in an autonomous country. Their slogan is: Macedonia to the Macedonians. A. Brutus, A Propos d'un Mouvement en Macedonie, Bruxelles 1900, pp.12-13, 15, 56. 1901 A.V. Amfiteatrov: The Land of Discord Each Slav should and is obliged to feel sympathy for Macedonian freedom. But Macedonian freedom cannot be achieved with their own, Macedonian means. The land is too small and weak to fight against the power of Constantinople, which only has to give a sign and tens of thousands of soldiers will attack the Rumalian vilayets and strangle them like mice before Europe could compose itself, even before Europe could know it. Hence, Macedonia cannot be freed with its own forces. Only an evil enemy, an unconscious enemy of Slavism could desire an armed movement in Macedonia now when the land is totally unprepared for an uprising, in circumstances of tied hands of the whole Europe, of Serbo-Bulgarian clashes, of huge preparations of the Turks against the slightest possibilities of movement. Or a real fool. These were the exact words of one of the high-ranking persons deciding the fate of Balkan Slavism in a discussion with me concerning the Macedonian committees. Nobody in Europe, none of the Great Powers can actively intercede in favor of the Macedonians against the Turks at the present moment - except, perhaps, Austria. Bu the very name of Austria causes panic in the Macedonian Slav element, who will allow Austria to reign in Macedonia? For it would be the destruction of all ideas of pan-Slavism, it would be the end of the Eastern Question, it would be the decisive and last victory of the German world over the Slav world. Then, we the Russians, would only be humbly left to falling out of step with that state with the projected historical tasks, with the repudiation of racial ideals - a state similar to modern Italy or Spain, only in greater proportions. The young Slav states, adjacent to Macedonia, are too young and too poor to go into struggle for it. At the same time, these states are disintegrating both from the internal situation and external family hostilities. The Bulgarians and the Serbians cannot stand each other; each consider Macedonia as their lawful property. Neither the Bulgarians nor the Serbs have even the slightest desire to create Macedonia for Macedonia. Enthusiast for an autonomous Macedonia can only be found among the Macedonian natives. Neither the Serb nor the Bulgarian wants the autonomy of Macedonia. As far as the question of whether Macedonia should become Bulgarian or Serbian is concerned, every Bulgarian would tell you with utter sincerity: -It would be better that the Turks ruled there eternally then to give the Serbs a chance to spread towards the Aegean Sea. And the Serb would say: - It would be better that the Turks did there whatever they allow your damned brothers to achieve their Greater Bulgaria from one sea to the other! The question of nationality has not been settled in Macedonia and it is hard to assume that it will ever be settled in a satisfactory manner. If we are to believe Gopcevic and Jasterbov there are almost no Bulgarians - all of the are Serbs. If we are to believe Ofejkov and Miljukov, there are no Serbs, all of them are Bulgarians. It is more probable that where we are dealing with a perfectly branch of Slavs, transitional between the Bulgarians and the Serbs. But that branch taken alone is insufficiently significant to win its freedom and turn itself into a state unit. Consequently, no matter how the question of its nationality is resolved, it is deprived of the possibility to exist, so to say; it is cursed in itself to serve as political material directly for its neighbors, and deviously and indirectly for Europe, which governs its naighbours. The basic reason for the failures of the Macedonian revolutionary organization lies in the fact that it is fed by means that have historically proved their ineffectiveness against state order of a European kind to overthrow the system and authority that have nothing in common with European order; since with the tactics, which have overthrown many European government, it attempts to erase military slavery, which has continued in Macedonia and Old Serbia for five centuries now; since the arms, victorious in the civil war, are also used in external war, because the Turk is not a fellow-citizen and compatriot of the Slavs, but he was, is and will be their external enemy... - They consider me a Bulgarophile, I.A. Zinovjev told me. But it isn't so at all. I behave in perfectly equal manner to all Slavs, and, if a person is decent and likable, it is all the same to me whether he is a Bulgarian, a Serb or a Macedonian. But I am a Russian representative and I have been sent here to protect, first of all, Russian interests. Permanent patronage over the Balkan Slavs is inseparably linked with Russian interests. We are their natural patrons. But this patronage does not mean Russia's following of Slav leaders; patronage is not characterless yielding. However, as far as the Macedonian question is concerned, the Bulgarians, as our most spoilt children in the whole of the Slav world, would like precisely to lead Russia with them where they have blindly started closing their eyes, demanding that the patronage be turned into yielding. The activities of the Macedonian committees, long under the patronage (with) our tolerance of the Bulgarian government, had the following direct calculation: - We shall force the Turks to abandon their reserved behavior they have taken up and borne with difficulty - wit a series of small explosions, murders and blackmails we shall arose the fanatic excitement of the Moslems, the Sultan will be forced to give in to the demands of his subjects of the same faith, and Turkish atrocities will start in Macedonia, blood will be shed, villages will be burnt. For the attainment of the sublime goal it is of no consequence whether fifty or fifty thousand people will be killed - the main thing is: slaughter must be caused, which will in turn cause the necessity of European intervention, and since the protection of the Slavs is the perennial deed of Russia and it will never leave the Macedonian question to Austria - consequently, volens-nolens, Russia shall have to send again hundred of thousands of soldiers to the Balkan Peninsula and achieve the freedom of Macedonia with its bayonets, i.e. it should put the land into the mouth of the Bulgarians. For they don't recognize any other nationality in Macedonia except the Bulgarian one. Consequently, the future freedom of Macedonia for them is either the fulfillment of the Treaty of San Stefano and unification of Macedonia with the Bulgarian Principality, or a creation of a new autonomous Bulgarian body, which will sooner or later be merged with the former into an 'integral Bulgaria'.... Cvetan Stanoevski, Kako ja vidoa Makedonija, Skopje 1978, pp.189-190,193-194. 1902 Appeal of the "National Macedonian-Albanian League" Brother Macedonians! Brother Albanians! ...There is no need that the Bulgarians, the Greeks or others amend our homeland... Executive Committee British Museum (British Library), London, 1902 1902 Nikola Karev to Goce Delchev ...Let us not expect freedom either from the Greeks or the Bulgarians; it is we, the Macedonians, who should fight for our Macedonia ourselves... Neobjaveno pismo, Nova Makedonija, (Skopje), XXIV, nbr.7744 (May 5 1968), p.8 1903 Victor Berard on the Macedonians. The ambition for a small homeland, the egotism of a small nation, is not the ultimate ideal of the Macedonians. To replace Turkish subjugation with Greek, Serbian or Bulgarian dependence does not seem to them to represent some great gain...Until recently France did not know the Macedonians. They were Thracian, Peons, Sclavins for us, a wild and almost a mythical people, that lived somewhere at the bottom of some unknown land for us. We either did not know them or despised them, since we heard of them from the malicious notes of the ancient and modern Greeks... La Revue de Paris, Juin 1903. 1904 A Macedonian Theory Was it so long before the liberation of the Bulgarians that throughout Bulgaria, in answer to the question as to what they were (by nationality), the Bulgarians said they were "Christians" or raya (non-Moslem Turkish subjects)?And even now it is not so rare on occasion to hear a Bulgarian answering in court as to the question of his nationality that he is a "Christian". The notion of nationality has still not become a new accomplishment of his mind. During the Turkish period, the Bulgarian peasant referred to the Bulgarians in the towns as "Greeks" and city lother were "Greek dress" for him. And since the Greeks designated that peasant as a "fat-headed Bulgar", his brother from the town loved to be called a "Hellene", so that he should not be scorned for his real national name. It is not exactly the same case with what Mr. Misirkov elaborates concerning the name of the Macedonian Slav? The name "Bulgar" fell even in Bulgaria to such position which earned only the contempt of the others. This name appeared so empty even in the mouth of the Bulgarians themselves that it became a synonym for "Christian"; the later designated the whole ethnic contents of Bulgarian individual and social consciousness. When our peasant used to say "we are Bulgars", he meant "we are Christians", i.e. Orthodox. The Russian Tsar was a "Bulgarian Tsar" for him not by nationality, but by Orthodox Christianity. A. Teodorov-Balan, Edna makedonska teorija - Periodichesko spisanie (Sofia), LXV (1904), p.818 1907-1908 The Macedonian Villages ...I asked him what language they spoke, and my Greek interpreter carelessly rendered the answer Bulgare. The man himself had said Makedonski. I drew attention to this word and the witness explained that he did not consider the rural dialect used in Macedonia the same as Bulgarian, and refused to call it by that name. It was Macedonian, a word to which he gave the Slav form of Makedonski, but which I was to hear farther north in the Greek form of Makedonike. And so the "Bulgarophone" villagers are no longer willing to admit that they speak Bulgarian. They have coined a new term of their own accord, and henceforth their dialect, until they have got rid of it, is to be known as "Macedonian". My Athenian friends were delighted when I told them of this on my return. It should give even greater pleasure to those Bulgarian agents who are so anxious to see the Macedonians thought they are Macedonians. Allen Upward, The East End of Europe, London 1908, pp. 204-205 June 25, 1910 Archimandrite Neophyte in Skopje to Bulgarian Exarch Joseph in Constantinople: Starting from some time ago, as I have already informed You several times, matters in the eparchy, and especially here have not developed as they should. The Eparchy Council, which, as You know, consists of the town's elders, has decided to send You a letter in which it strongly condemns the candidature of the former Metropolitan of Skopje, Theodosius, and among other things, upon my suggestion writes the following in the protest: "Outraged, we read in the newspapers that a group of villains wishes at any cost to urge the population - the voters of the Skopje Eparchy - to bring back that typical intransigent, Theodosious, as the Metropolitan of the Skopje Eparchy. This is the same Theodosius who 17 or 18 years ago wanted to separate the Skopje Eparchy from the Exarchate and proclaim himself an independent Metropolitan. For this purpose, he then made a special seal on which he deleted the words "Bulgarian Exarchate", so sacred to us, and printed his own baptismal certificates, marriage certificates and other documents; he did not fulfill the circular letters and the orders of the Exarchate, etc. Yet, since at that time there were not such a strong anti-Bulgarian movement among the local Bulgarians, it was possible for the Exarchate to remove this dangerous schismatic in time and thereby preserve the unity of the Bulgarian Church in Turkey. Now this same schismatic, contrary to Exarchist interests, wishes to restore his eparchy and continue his dishonest business of disuniting our Bulgarian people. We protest most strongly against his nomination as Metropolitan of Skopje, because he insults the Bulgarian feeling among the population". Unfortunately, Your Grace, if the Eparchy Council has such people with common sense, this is not the case with some craftsman's circles, which have come under the influence of Mr. Petar Pop Arsov, a teacher, who has taken the idea into his head that he is a leader of the people. He constantly speaks against the Exarchate and its leadership, including myself, and urges the craftsman to support Metropolitan Theodosios' candidature, since he once suffered for defending the interests of the Macedonians. It would not be superfluous if I informed You about another problem, which, I presume, will represent a kind of plot in this whole election propaganda. I have understood from some members of the Council that Krste Petkov, who at one time started "Misirkovism", had requested from certain relative of his, living here in Skopje, that he put him in touch with this teacher, Petar Pop Arsov, in connection with collecting songs about Krale Marko in the Skopje district, and Mr. Pop Arsov was so kind as to agree immediately. I am writing this to you, Your Grace, a justified suspicion that schismatic forces are being brought to life here. The said Mr. Krste Misirkov expressed in a letter to his relative has desire to return to Macedonia, more precisely, to come to Skopje as soon as Macedonia was liberated. The man wished to be a professor at the Skopje university (?!). If this is true, and there are no reasons for lying to me, then You may conclude Yourself what danger threatens the Bulgarian idea in these historic times. Just imagine if the "Misirkovism" of Mr. Krste, the "separatism' of His Grace Theodosius and the "autonomism" of Mr. Petar Pop Arsov joined together! I am of the opinion, Your Grace, upon the basis of the protest by the Eparchy Council (which was, after all, published in the press) that the candidature of His Grace Theodosius should be withdrawn, by which a danger of as yet unseen proportions for the Bulgarian cause in Macedonia would be evaded. I remain Your Grace's younger brother in Jesus Christ and I pray for You. S. Dimevski, Diskusija - K.P. Misirkov i nacionalno-kulturniot razvoj na makedonskiot narod do Osloboduvanjeto - Zbornik Misirkov. Simpozium. Skopje, Institut za makedonski jazik, 1975, pp.338-339. 1905 Sveta Simic, representative of the Kingdom of Serbia in Bulgaria, to Jovan Jovanovich-Pizon, head of the consular department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Belgrade. D. Gruev again visited me last Saturday. D. Hristov also chanced to be in my house, so we spent more then 3 hours in discussion. The Macedonians have been afraid that the Bulgarians and we agreed to divide them, and accordingly they are the only ones left to frown at the Imperial Alliance. They suspect it hides something else. They continually make agreements and preparations but undertake nothing more serious. They constantly send smaller bands and ammunition into their country. All their activity is reduced to this only in present. They would like to make an agreement with us, but such as to sacrifice nothing of what they call their autonomy. They have come to see more and more that there are obstacles before them which they cannot fight successfully, and under the influence of which they continually lose their importance as an authoritative factor in the development of the Maced(onian) question. This is what hurts them immensely. They are divided among themselves, just as before. The differences of their views also intensify their personal hatred, which makes some of them avoid the others, plotting among themselves....Unfavorable rumors reach us from Macedonia, too. The people, craving for freedom, would like to reject their yoke and uncertainty as soon as possible, so that they would be ready for some decisive steps as well, but their distrust both of their leaders and Bulgaria prevent them. Under the influence of the news about the Imperial Alliance a mood has been created in which they would like to be freed from their yoke at any cost, even if they were compelled to come under Bulgaria and Serbia. And if these two did not help them, they would gladly accept Austrian occupation, as well... Arhiv SFR Jugoslavije (Belgrade) - Fond Jovan Jovanovic-Pizon, 80 (1905). 1906 To my brother in arms, Dushan, voyvoda from the village of Bistrica Brother, you should know that I have received your letter and understood all that you wrote me. We have put the people in great trouble, it is true, but who is to blame for this? You say we are to blame, we say you are to blame. As far as I know, ten years have passed (and) has never been over those years any bloodshed between ourselves or division into Serbomans or Bulgarophils. We have been Macedonian fighters and we will fight to the end for the Macedonian people, but we do not fight for Bulgaria or Serbia, nor Greece; they are free and live freely and drink in shaded inns; they have the right to drink so since they shed their blood earlier. We, who come from this Macedonian land should work for Macedonia, because our Macedonian brothers are murdered on the roads and our Macedonian sisters are disgraced by the bloody Turk, by the fat Turk. We are not against any nationality of either Bulgaria, Serbia, or Greece; we should recognize the merit of those who would help us. If there had been any Serbian, Bulgarian or Greek land here, they should not have waited for us to die in the mountains but should have liberated Macedonia with their armies; only then they could have demanded Serbia, Bulgarian or Greek land here... Blazhe Krusheski DA SSID - Fond Izvrshnog odbora Srpske narodne organizacije F-6 (1906) 1912 A.V. Amfiteatrov: Macedonia ...Following the Russian war, Turkey of the old regime finally turned into a "sick man", and the heirs of the executors of the expected will gathered around his death-bed. The future destiny of Macedonia came to depend not as much on the will of Turkey itself as on the sympathies of the European guardians. In the 19th century Europe learned through Germany, Italy and Greece to consider the right to national self-determination a little. Thus, all the states and countries bordering on Macedonia have started intensive propaganda in favor of their nationalities, as it were a race or along jump for an award. They have taken care, as much as they have means and power, to persuade Europe by truth and lies, that allegedly the national self-determination of the Macedonian inclines in their favor, and not in favor of the neighboring nation. In this respect the Bulgarians proved more swift the their rivals. In order to make Macedonia Bulgarian, they had to Bulgarize the Macedonians. Thus, following the Bulgaro-Serbian War of 1885, the greatest powers and considerable sacrifices of the Bulgarian state apparatus were given to the Bulgarization of the Macedonian Slavs. Bulgarian agents were the priests and the teachers; the

newer horizon demanded in usa politicking. can non natural born + nonbinding resolution senate run pres U S ?

association of committee to elect the rev dr kamal karna roy v. homeland security dept us issue birth obama?

Catholics,what do you make of THIS? 666, The Number of the Beast -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rev 13:16 And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: Rev 13:17 And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. Rev 13:18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six. Note that according to verse 17, there are three different characteristics that distinguish the beast: his mark (of authority) his name the number of his name (666). It might be argued by some that 666 must be applied to one man's name, and that this will then help identify him as the antichrist. I would offer the following verse to show that 666 need not apply solely to a man's name: Rev 19:16 And he hath on his vesture and on his thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS. The same Greek word translated as name (onoma: G3686) that appears in Revelation 13:17-18 is also used in chapter 19:16, so clearly the word can also apply to a title, and not just one man's name. Now, we are told that it takes a certain understanding and wisdom to discern just how this number is actually applied. Based on the fact that 666 can apply to a title, below are several words and phrases that have been put forth over the centuries as probable solutions to the enigma of 666. GREEK The numeric equivalents of Greek letters can also be found in the Encyclopedia Britannica under "Languages of the World", Table 8. The ancient Greek word for "the Latin speaking man" is LATEINOS L = 30 lambda A = 1 alpha T = 300 tau E = 5 epsilon I = 10 iota N = 50 nu O = 70 omicron S = 200 sigma ------------ 666 NOTE: Latin is the official language of the R oman Catholic Church. Church Documents are usually published first in Latin, and then translated from the Latin into other languages. The association of "Lateinos" with 666 was first suggested by Irenæus (ca. 130-202 A.D.) who proposed in his Against Heresies that it might be the name of the fourth kingdom in Daniel 7:7. Then also Lateinos has the number six hundred and sixty-six; and it is a very probable [solution], this being the name of the last kingdom [of the four seen by Daniel]. For the Latins are they who at present bear rule: I will not, however, make any boast over this [coincidence]. Source: Against Heresies, by Irenæus, Book 5, chapter 30, paragraph 3. St. Irenaeus biography online at the New Advent Catholic web site. The ancient Greek for "The Latin Kingdom" is HE LATINE BASILEIA BASILEIA is Strong's # G932 The ancient Greek for "Italian Church" is ITALIKA EKKLESIA EKKLESIA is Strong's # G1577 And in ancient Greek the word APOSTATES And in ancien nt Greek the word for "tradition" PARADOSIS Strong's # G3862 H = 0 (transliterated) E = 8 eta L = 30 lambda A = 1 alpha T = 300 tau I = 10 iota N = 50 nu E = 8 eta B = 2 beta A = 1 alpha S = 200 sigma I = 10 iota L = 30 lambda E = 5 epsilon I = 10 iota A = 1 alpha -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 666 I = 10 iota T = 300 tau A = 1 alpha L = 30 lambda I = 10 iota K = 20 kappa A = 1 alpha E = 5 epsilon K = 20 kappa K = 20 kappa L = 30 lambda E = 8 eta S = 200 sigma I = 10 iota A = 1 alpha -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 666 A = 1 alpha P = 80 pi O = 70 omicron ST = 6 stigma* A = 1 alpha T = 300 tau E =